Emerging Role of Neuron-Glia in Neurological Disorders: At a Glance

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 27

Published: Aug. 22, 2022

Based on the diverse physiological influence, impact of glial cells has become much more evident neurological illnesses, resulting in origins many diseases appearing to be convoluted than previously happened. Since disorders are often random and unknown, hence construction animal models is difficult build, representing a small fraction people with gene mutation. As result, an immediate necessity grown work within vitro techniques for examining these illnesses. scientific community recognizes cell-autonomous contributions variety central nervous system therapeutic involving stem treating gaining traction. The use derived from sources increasingly being used replace both neuronal tissue. brain’s energy demands necessitate reliance neurons order it function properly. Furthermore, have functions terms regulating their own metabolic activities, as well collaborating via secreted signaling or guidance molecules, forming complex network neuron-glial connections health sickness. Emerging data reveals that changes can cause morphological functional conjunction dysfunction under disease situations, highlighting importance neuron-glia interactions pathophysiology In this context, required improve our understanding mechanisms create potential novel therapeutics. According research, synaptic malfunction one features various mental diseases, acting key ingredients not only synapse formation, growth, plasticity but also neuroinflammation homeostasis which creates critical capacity focused sensory system. goal review article elaborate state-of-the-art information few cell types situated (CNS) highlight role onset progression disorders.

Language: Английский

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Investigating Polyphenol Nanoformulations for Therapeutic Targets against Diabetes Mellitus

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 16

Published: June 21, 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a fatal metabolic disorder, and its prevalence has escalated in recent decades to greater extent. Since the incidence severity of disease are constantly increasing, plenty therapeutic approaches being considered as promising solution. Many dietary polyphenols have been reported be effective against diabetes along with accompanying vascular consequences by targeting multiple targets. Additionally, biocompatibility these raises questions about their use pharmacological mediators. Nevertheless, pharmacokinetic biopharmaceutical properties limit clinical benefit therapeutics. Pharmaceutical industries attempted improve compliance effects. However, nanotechnological overcome barriers associated antidiabetic medications shown efficacy. Therefore, this review highlighted comprehensive up-to-date assessment polyphenol nanoformulations treatment consequences.

Language: Английский

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Emerging Promise of Computational Techniques in Anti-Cancer Research: At a Glance

Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(8), P. 335 - 335

Published: July 25, 2022

Research on the immune system and cancer has led to development of new medicines that enable former attack cells. Drugs specifically target destroy cells are horizon; there also drugs use specific signals stop multiplying. Machine learning algorithms can significantly support increase rate research complicated diseases help find remedies. One area medical study could greatly benefit from machine is exploration genomes discovery best treatment protocols for different subtypes disease. However, developing a drug time-consuming, complicated, dangerous, costly. Traditional production take up 15 years, costing over USD 1 billion. Therefore, computer-aided design (CADD) emerged as powerful promising technology develop quicker, cheaper, more efficient designs. Many technologies methods have been introduced enhance productivity analytical methodologies, they become crucial part many programs; scanning programs, example, ligand screening structural virtual techniques hit detection optimization. In this review, we examined various types computational focusing anticancer drugs. Machine-based in basic translational reach levels personalized medicine marked by speedy advanced data analysis still beyond reach. Ending know it means ensuring every patient access safe effective therapies. Recent developments had large remarkable impact yielded useful insights into field therapy. With an emphasis medications, covered components paper. Transcriptomics, toxicogenomics, functional genomics, biological networks only few examples bioinformatics used forecast medications combinations based multi-omics data. We believe general review databases now available today will be beneficial creation approaches.

Language: Английский

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Bioinorganic Nanoparticles for the Remediation of Environmental Pollution: Critical Appraisal and Potential Avenues

Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023, P. 1 - 26

Published: April 10, 2023

Nowadays, environmental pollution has become a critical issue for both developed and developing countries. Because of excessive industrialization, burning fossil fuels, mining exploration, extensive agricultural activities, plastics, the environment is being contaminated rapidly through soil, air, water. There are variety approaches treating toxins, but each its own set restrictions. As result, various therapies accessible, that effective, long-lasting, less harmful, have superior outcome extensively demanded. Modern research advances focus more on polymer-based nanoparticles, which frequently used in drug design, delivery systems, remediation, power storage, transformations, other fields. Bioinorganic nanomaterials could be better candidate to control contaminants environment. In this article, we focused their synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic process, contributions remediation against numerous ecological hazards. review also tried explore recent advancements futuristic prevent pollutants

Language: Английский

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Tacrine Derivatives in Neurological Disorders: Focus on Molecular Mechanisms and Neurotherapeutic Potential

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 22

Published: Aug. 18, 2022

Tacrine is a drug used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease as cognitive enhancer and inhibitor enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, its clinical application has been restricted due to poor therapeutic efficacy high prevalence detrimental effects. An attempt was made understand molecular mechanisms that underlie tacrine analogues influence over neurotherapeutic activity by focusing on modulation neurogenesis, neuroinflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, regulatory role gene protein expression, energy metabolism, Ca2+ homeostasis modulation, osmotic regulation. Regardless this, are considered model cholinesterase therapy disease. The variety both structural make-up biological functions these substances main appeal for researchers’ interest them. A new paradigm treating neurological diseases presented this review, which includes strategies disease, well other disorders like Parkinson’s synthesis properties newly identified versatile hybrids. We have also shown may promise experimental systems.

Language: Английский

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Perspectives on the Molecular Mediators of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Strategies in the Context of Neuroprotection and Neurolongevity: An Extensive Review

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 20

Published: Aug. 26, 2022

Molecules with at least one unpaired electron in their outermost shell are known as free radicals. Free radical molecules produced either within our bodies or by external sources such ozone, cigarette smoking, X-rays, industrial chemicals, and air pollution. Disruption of normal cellular homeostasis redox signaling may result cardiovascular, neurodegenerative diseases cancer. Although ROS (reactive oxygen species) formed the GI tract, little is about how they contribute to pathophysiology disease etiology. When reactive species antioxidants imbalance bodies, can cause cell structure damage, diseases, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, cancer, cardiovascular metabolic disorders, other obesity-related well protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, glial activation, subsequent apoptosis. Neuron cells gradually destroyed diseases. The production inappropriately aggregated proteins strongly linked oxidative stress. This review’s goal provide much information possible numerous illnesses possibilities multimodal neuroprotective therapy human illness, using already accessible medications demonstrating promise animal models, highlighted. Neuroprotection neurolongevity improve from use bioactive substances medicinal herbs like Allium stadium, Celastrus paniculatus, Centella asiatica. Many drugs’ role has been addressed. Preventing neuroinflammation demonstrated several models.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacological Potential of Avicennia alba Leaf Extract: An Experimental Analysis Focusing on Antidiabetic, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, and Antidiarrheal Activity

BioMed Research International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 10

Published: May 6, 2022

Avicennia alba is a mangrove plant that extensively used to treat severe health issues. This focus of this study was investigate the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities methanolic extract A. leaves in Swiss albino mouse model. The leaf were performed using alloxan-monohydrate, carrageenan-induced paw edema, acetic acid-induced writhing test hot plate method, castor oil-induced respectively. at doses ranging from 200 500 mg/kg conduct investigation. Leaf 400 showed potent antidiabetic activity alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Advanced research needed control blood glucose levels carrageenan edema-based anti-inflammatory effects. Both tests statistically significant result dose-dependent manner. maximum dose (500 mg/kg) demonstrated analgesic both method. also experimental However, more explore possible mechanisms isolate compounds associated with these bioactivities alba.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic potential of marine macrolides: An overview from 1990 to 2022

Chemico-Biological Interactions, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 365, P. 110072 - 110072

Published: Aug. 8, 2022

The sea is a vast ecosystem that has remained primarily unexploited and untapped, resulting in numerous organisms. Consequently, marine organisms have piqued the interest of scientists as an abundant source natural resources with unique structural features fascinating biological activities. Marine macrolide top-class product heavily oxygenated polyene backbone containing macrocyclic lactone. In last few decades, significant efforts been made to isolate characterize macrolides' chemical properties. Numerous macrolides are extracted from different such microorganisms, sponges, zooplankton, molluscs, cnidarians, red algae, tunicates, bryozoans. Notably, prominent sources fungi, dinoflagellates, sponges. several bioactive characteristics antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antiviral), anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, neuroprotective brief, plentiful naturally occurring macrolides, which can become efficient effective therapeutics for many diseases. This current review summarizes these exciting promising novel activities possible therapeutic applications.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the recent trends in perturbing the cellular signaling pathways in cancer by natural products

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Cancer is commonly thought to be the product of irregular cell division. According World Health Organization (WHO), cancer major cause death globally. Nature offers an abundant supply bioactive compounds with high therapeutic efficacy. Anticancer effects have been studied in a variety phytochemicals found nature. When Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anticancer drugs are combined natural compounds, effectiveness improves. Several agents already progressed clinical trials based on these promising results against various forms. Natural prevent proliferation, development, metastasis by inducing cycle arrest, activating intrinsic extrinsic apoptosis pathways, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), down-regulating activated signaling pathways. These chemicals known affect numerous important cellular such as NF-B, MAPK, Wnt, Notch, Akt, p53, AR, ER, many others, signals induce pre-cancerous or cells without harming normal cells. As result, non-toxic “natural drugs” taken from nature’s bounty could effective for prevention tumor progression and/or therapy human malignancies, either alone combination conventional treatments. also shown preclinical studies improve sensitivity resistant cancers currently available chemotherapy agents. To summarize, findings indicate that natural-sourced The vital purpose target pathways compounds.

Language: Английский

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Cruciferous vegetables as a treasure of functional foods bioactive compounds: Targeting p53 family in gastrointestinal tract and associated cancers

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Aug. 4, 2022

In the past few years, phytochemicals from natural products have gotten boundless praise in treating cancer. The promising role of cruciferous vegetables and active components contained these vegetables, such as isothiocyanates, indole-3-carbinol, has been widely researched experimental vitro vivo carcinogenesis models. chemopreventive agents produced were recurrently proven to affect throughout onset developmental phases cancer formation. Likewise, findings clinical investigations epidemiological research supported this statement. anticancer activities functional foods bioactive compounds are closely related their ability upregulate p53 its target genes, e.g., p21. As “guardian genome,” family (p53, p63, p73) plays a pivotal preventing progression associated with DNA damage. This review discusses derived several use altering tumor-suppressive effect proteins. association between mutation incidence gastrointestinal malignancies (gastric, small intestine, colon, liver, pancreatic cancers) is also discussed. contains crucial information about treatment tract malignancies.

Language: Английский

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