Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 162524 - 162524
Published: April 1, 2025
Language: Английский
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 82, P. 583 - 599
Published: Aug. 3, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
59
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 381 - 397
Published: April 7, 2024
This review, addressing developers, users, and researchers of PEM water electrolysis stacks, provides a detailed overview the most important degradation mechanisms, underlying influencing factors, resulting impact on system component degradation. By investigating significance consequences mechanisms stack performance life-time, it comprehensive understanding challenges impacts associated with technology. Possible qualitative quantitative statements based observed phenomena single cell level as well from ex-situ examinations are evaluated. The common diagnostic tools, electrochemical, imaging, physical analysis methods, elemental structural described in an application-oriented manner regarding their advantages, possibilities, limits.
Language: Английский
Citations
33
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79, P. 594 - 608
Published: July 9, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
20
Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 3, 2025
Hydrogen produced with no greenhouse gas emissions is termed "green hydrogen" and will be essential to reaching decarbonization targets set forth by nearly every country as per the Paris Agreement. Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs) are expected contribute substantially green hydrogen market. However, PEMWE market penetration insignificant, accounting for less than a gigawatt of global capacity. Achieving substantive via require PEMWEs reach capacities hundreds gigawatts 2030. This paper serves an overarching roadmap cell-level improvements necessary gigawatt-scale deployment, insights from three well-established technology companies included. Analyses presented economies scale, renewable energy prices, government policies, accelerated stress tests, component-specific improvements.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Applied Energy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 352, P. 121898 - 121898
Published: Sept. 16, 2023
While the number of publications in PEM water electrolysis community increases each year, no common ground concerning reference hardware (test cells and test bench) testing protocols has been yet established. This would, however, be necessary for comparability experimental results. First attempts such procedures have made framework Task 30 Electrolysis within Technology Collaboration Programme on Advanced Fuel Cells (AFC TCP) International Energy Agency (IEA). Since then, improvements both cell components) as well measurement protocol were identified, a revised methodology key results based comprehensive series obtained. A detailed commercial components with laboratory developed in-house by Fraunhofer ISE is presented. For evaluation hardware, it was tested at three different institutions same time. Impedance spectroscopic polarization data acquired analyzed. The obtained differences performance calculated to give an expectation window compare own to. Finally, importance thorough temperature control conditioning phase are demonstrated.
Language: Английский
Citations
34
ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(23), P. 15375 - 15392
Published: Nov. 13, 2023
The scarcity of iridium, needed to catalyze the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hinders large-scale hydrogen production with proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). Crucial steps require reducing its loading while improving overall activity and stability. Despite knowledge transfer challenges, cost time constraints still favor aqueous model systems (AMSs) over real devices for OER electrocatalyst testing. During AMS testing, benchmarking strategies such as accelerated stress tests (ASTs) aim at catalyst lifetime estimation compared constant current loads. This study systematically evaluates a commercial Ir by modifying both AST parameters employed backing electrodes examine their impact on activity–stability relationships. A comprehensive set spectroscopy microscopy techniques, including in situ inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, is monitor electrode modifications. Our findings demonstrate that choice lower potential limit (LPL) ASTs significantly influences Ir-based electrocatalysts' Unique degradation mechanisms, passivation, redeposition active sites, contribution OER, were observed different varying LPLs. These results emphasize importance optimizing selection accurately assess performance. Furthermore, they establish foundation developing relevant standardized test protocols, enabling cost-effective development high-performance catalysts PEMWE applications.
Language: Английский
Citations
26
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 683 - 695
Published: Dec. 6, 2023
Integrated systems of PEM water electrolyzers (PEMWE) and photovoltaic (PV) power plants are a promising method for the production green hydrogen with zero-carbon emissions. Despite their potential, matching intermittent nature solar energy continuous demand remains challenge. In directly coupled PV-H2 systems, electrolyzer is operated dynamically frequent load changes shutdown (SD) periods whereas battery assisted enable steady operation at fixed rate. this study, two accelerated stress tests (ASTs) were designed based on data from 100 kWp PV plant to mimic failure under real-life conditions in single cell PEMWE. The first AST represents time-accelerated PV-profile that depicts imbalances during daytime idle night, where kept open circuit voltage (OCV). second AST, SD compensated by protective current 0.3 A cm−2 simulate system. thorough electrochemical physical characterization revealed correlation between degradation PEMWE components. With regard battery-supported lower rate ∼3 mV h−1 1 compared ∼11 was recorded.
Language: Английский
Citations
26
Membranes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 348 - 348
Published: March 17, 2023
Polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is a leading candidate for the development of sustainable hydrogen infrastructure. The heart PEMWE cell represented by electrode assembly (MEA), which consists polymer (PEM) with catalyst layers (CLs), flow fields, and bipolar plates (BPPs). weakest component system PEM, as it prone to chemical mechanical degradation. Membrane degradation associated formation peroxide due crossover product gases (H2 O2). In this paper, failure H2 was addressed in membrane-focused accelerated stress test (AST). Asymmetric H2O gas supply were applied OCV mode at two temperatures (60 °C 80 °C). Electrochemical characterization beginning end testing revealed 1.6-fold higher increase high-frequency resistance (HFR) °C. measured micro-GC, fluoride emission rate (FER) monitored during ASTs. A direct correlation between FER identified, detected.
Language: Английский
Citations
23
Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 494, P. 153111 - 153111
Published: June 14, 2024
This review article comprehensively explores the significant advancements in electrodialysis (ED) technology within field of chemical engineering, presenting a holistic overview that spans fundamental principles, membrane materials and fabrication techniques, operational parameters, wide array applications. Unlike previous studies often narrow their focus to specific aspects ED, this work synthesizes global advances, bridging gaps between diverse research themes offer coherent understanding current trends future directions. membrane-based separation process driven by electric potential, is pivotal for its applications water purification, desalination, resource recovery, beyond. delves into evolution ion-exchange membranes, highlighting innovations materials, alongside advances techniques enhance selectivity efficiency. It also scrutinizes impact parameters on performance ED systems, addressing challenges like ion leakage, fouling, balance conductivity. Process intensification system optimization strategies are discussed, revealing how recent developments contribute energy efficiency, scalability, sustainability. The further extends emerging sectors ranging from environmental management hydrometallurgy industries, underscored case demonstrate practical implementations. Conclusively, underlines multidisciplinary approach required advancement technologies, suggesting avenues prioritize impact, economic feasibility, technological innovation. Through perspective, it aims catalyze exploration application some most pressing challenges.
Language: Английский
Citations
11
Energies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(16), P. 3992 - 3992
Published: Aug. 12, 2024
This paper navigates the critical role of hydrogen in catalyzing a sustainable energy transformation. review delves into production methodologies, spotlighting green and blue as pivotal for future systems because their potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Through comprehensive literature bibliometric analysis, this study underscores importance technological advancements, policy support, market incentives promoting key vector. It also explores necessity expanding renewable sources international cooperation secure sustainable, low-carbon future. The analysis highlights scalable cost-effective methods, such solar-thermochemical photo-electrochemical processes, addresses challenges posed by resource availability geopolitical factors establishing economy. serves guide innovation toward achieving global sustainability goals, illustrating essential transition.
Language: Английский
Citations
11