Nature’s Arsenal: Uncovering Antibacterial Agents Against Antimicrobial Resistance

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 253 - 253

Published: March 1, 2025

Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant public health threat, leading to increased mortality. The World Health Organization has established priority list highlighting critical multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens that demand urgent research on antimicrobial treatments. Considering this and the fact new antibiotics are only sporadically approved, natural antibacterial agents have seen resurgence in interest as potential alternatives conventional chemotherapeutics. Natural antibacterials, derived from microorganisms, higher fungi, plants, animals, minerals, food sources, offer diverse mechanisms of action against MDR pathogens. Here, we present comprehensive summary including brief history their application key strategies for using microorganisms (microbiopredators, such bacteriophages), plant extracts essential oils, minerals (e.g., silver copper), well compounds animal origin, milk or even venoms. review also addresses role prebiotics, probiotics, peptides, novel formulations nanoparticles. these compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic explored alongside challenges application, e.g., extraction, formulation, pharmacokinetics. Conclusions: Future should focus developing eco-friendly, sustainable validating safety efficacy through clinical trials. Clear regulatory frameworks integrating into practice. Despite challenges, sources transformative combating AMR promoting solutions.

Language: Английский

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Isolation of 2,2′-azoxybisbenzyl alcohol from Agaricus subrutilescens and its inhibitory activity against bacterial biofilm formation

Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 88(9), P. 983 - 991

Published: June 26, 2024

Virulence pathways in pathogenic bacteria are regulated by quorum sensing mechanisms, particularly biofilm formation through autoinducer (AI) production and sensing. In this study, the culture filtrate extracted from an edible mushroom, Agaricus subrutilescens, was fractionated to isolate a compound that inhibits formation. Four gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacae) two gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis Staphylococcus aureus) were used for bioassay. The bioassay-guided chromatographic separations of extract resulted isolation compound. Further, spectroscopic analyses revealed identity as 2,2'-azoxybisbenzyl alcohol (ABA). minimum inhibitory sub-inhibitory concentrations also determined. Azoxybisbenzyl significantly effective inhibiting all tested bacteria, with half-maximal 3-11 µg/mL. Additionally, bioactivity ABA confirmed bioassays inhibition exopolysaccharide matrixes AI activities.

Language: Английский

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Novel compound, pleuropyronine, and other polyketides isolated from the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus suppress bacterial biofilm formation

Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Abstract An increase in the number of drug-resistant microbes is a major threat to human health. Bacterial drug resistance mostly mediated by biofilm formation. In this study, culture filtrate from edible mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, was fractionated isolate compounds that inhibit formation six pathogenic bacteria. Notably, we isolated 1-6 using bioassay-guided chromatographic separations. Spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction analyses identified 1 as novel fused bicyclic pyrone-furan, named pleuropyronine, whereas 2-6 were known polyketides. Pleuropyronine inhibited four Gram-negative bacteria, with IC50 values ranging 5.4 8.7 µg/mL, exhibited between 1.0 5.3 µg/mL against five Additionally, pleuropyronine bioactivity confirmed inhibition exopolysaccharide induced C6-homoserine lactone. Thus, may serve pioneering study on pharmacological potential compounds, offering valuable insights for future research.

Language: Английский

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In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy Assessment of Ethanolic, Aqueous, and Dual Solvent Extracts of Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum: Genomic and Morphological Analysis

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1109 - 1109

Published: Nov. 21, 2024

Background: Infectious diseases caused by bacteria are life-threating and among the major causes of death in world. Antibiotics have offered humans a new approach to infection control. reckoned as “magic bullets” for fight against bacterial infections, therefore increasing life expectancy decreasing mortality morbidity. However, overuse antibiotics has resulted persistent growth resistant pathogens. New antimicrobial approaches pathogens being examined. Mushrooms seem be promising, possibly more efficient, alternative method that conventional antimicrobials. This work aimed investigate phytochemical constituents potential ethanolic, aqueous, dual solvent extracts mushroom Ganoderma lucidum. Methods: The studies were carried out broth dilution Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus Gram-negative Escherichia coli. present research was also examine genomic changes associated with G. lucidum S. E. Results: Our data quantitatively showed all found exhibit various degrees effects coli where ethanolic extract exhibited most potent activity. SEM images untreated cells normal cell characteristics while, after treatment lucidum, appeared damaged irregular surfaces wall defacement. results HPLC analysis aqueous consisted beta[1-3] glucans, ganoderic acid, triterpenoids. Genomic identified selective sweeps several genes growth, biosynthesis transport, stress. Conclusions: study concludes three solvents activity infectious causing morphological acquisition mutations genes. Therefore, may candidates preventing future. is reliable source agent can used diseases.

Language: Английский

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