Current landscape of fecal microbiota transplantation in treating depression

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 25, 2024

Depression, projected to be the predominant contributor global disease burden, is a complex condition with diverse symptoms including mood disturbances and cognitive impairments. Traditional treatments such as medication psychotherapy often fall short, prompting pursuit of alternative interventions. Recent research has highlighted significant role gut microbiota in mental health, influencing emotional neural regulation. Fecal transplantation (FMT), infusion fecal matter from healthy donor into patient, emerges promising strategy ameliorate depressive by restoring microbial balance. The microbial-gut-brain (MGB) axis represents critical pathway through which potentially rectify dysbiosis modulate neuropsychiatric outcomes. Preclinical studies reveal that FMT can enhance neurochemicals reduce inflammatory markers, thereby alleviating behaviors. Moreover, shown promise clinical settings, improving gastrointestinal overall quality life patients depression. review highlights gut-brain depression need for further validate long-term safety efficacy FMT, identify specific therapeutic strains, develop targeted modulation strategies. Advancing our understanding could revolutionize treatment, shifting paradigm toward microbiome-targeting therapies.

Language: Английский

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Trelagliptin Ameliorates Memory Decline in Diabetic Rats through the AMPK/AKT/GSK-3β Pathway in the Cerebral Cortex

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(15), P. 15673 - 15680

Published: April 11, 2025

Examining how hypoglycemic medications affect brain function is one of the best approaches to addressing cognitive impairment. In this study, trelagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor, was utilized assess memory loss in diabetic rats through fear conditioning tests. Trelagliptin restored that had been disrupted over relatively long period (24 h) or extended (5 days). Moreover, trelagliptin treatment reduced higher incidence neuronal cell death cerebral cortex, as observed via Nissl hematoxylin and eosin staining. Subsequent analyses revealed exhibited elevated levels inflammatory cytokines (p-IKKα p-NFκB) trend toward oxidative damage, indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) detection. However, administration reversed these markers baseline levels. Additionally, activated p-AMPK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β. Notably, upregulated expression postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) synaptotagmin 1 (SYT1) while downregulating amyloid precursor (APP) beta-site cleaving enzyme (BACE1). These findings suggest alleviates impairment rats, likely AMPK-AKT-GSK-3β-mediated mitigation stress, enhancement synaptic plasticity, reduction Aβ accumulation.

Language: Английский

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Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates cognitive impairment by improving gut microbiome composition and barrier function in male rats of traumatic brain injury following gas explosion

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota (GM) is intricately linked with cognitive impairment and the incidence traumatic brain injury (TBI) in both animal models human subjects. However, there limited understanding impact mechanisms fecal transplantation (FMT) on barrier function treatment TBI induced by gas explosion (GE). We have employed FMT technology to establish dysbiosis male rats, subsequently conducted non-targeted metabolomics diversity analysis explore bacteria potential functional roles. Hematoxylin-eosin transmission electron microscopy revealed that GE significant pathological damage inflammation responses, as well varying degrees mitochondrial neuronal cells brains which was associated decline. Furthermore, markedly elevated levels regulatory T cell (Tregs)-related factors interleukin-10, programmed death 1, fork head box protein P3 rats. Similar changes these indicators were also observed colon; however, alterations reversed upon transfer normal flora into GE-exposed Combined microbiome metabolome indicated up-regulation Clostridium_T Allobaculum, along activation fatty acid biosynthesis after FMT. Correlation network indirectly suggested a causal relationship between alleviation GE-induced TBI. improved intestinal structure up-regulated expression tight junction proteins Claudin-1, Occludin, ZO-1, potentially contributing its protective effects gut. Transplantation from healthy rats significantly enhanced caused explosion, through modulation composition improvement integrity via gut-brain axis. These findings may offer scientific foundation for clinical interventions targeting explosion-induced using

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles in treating type II diabetic cutaneous wounds: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal models

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 15, 2024

Small extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-sEVs) have emerged as a promising therapy for treating type II diabetic cutaneous wounds. Currently, the evidence supporting use of MSC-sEVs skin wounds remains inconclusive and is limited to preclinical studies. To facilitate clinical translation cell-free therapy, conducting comprehensive systematic review studies assessing efficacy imperative.

Language: Английский

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Agonistes des récepteurs GLP-1 dans la maladie d’Alzheimer : Potentiel thérapeutique et mécanismes d’action

Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

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Modern views on pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16, P. 265 - 273

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Currently, the features of pathogenesis cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus are being actively studied. The study mutual influence these pathologies is particular relevant not only connection a decrease functions mellitus, but also due to fact that management requires thorough approach implementation doctor’s recommendations and self-control on part patient himself. degree has direct impact compliance and, consequently, control disease. A comprehensive strategy necessary for prevention progression impairments mellitus. This should include minimizing modifiable risk factors, controlling comorbidities, maintaining healthy lifestyle, following diet, engaging regular physical activity, medication therapy. Also, one key aspects blood glucose levels. Regular monitoring stable level sugar can significantly reduce developing diabetic patients. review analyzes effects oral hypoglycemic drugs, incretin-based therapy insulin impairments. examines important role pathogenetic links clinical manifestations type 2 development possibility influencing their rate progression. Understanding relationships will help develop effective strategies treatment

Language: Английский

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