Allergen‐Specific Immunotherapy and Trained Immunity DOI Creative Commons
Leticia Martín‐Cruz, Óscar Palomares

Allergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

ABSTRACT The high prevalence of allergic diseases reached over the last years is attributed to complex interplay genetic factors, lifestyle changes, and environmental exposome. Allergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT) single therapeutic strategy for with potential capacity modify course disease. Our knowledge mechanisms involved in allergy successful AIT has significantly improved. Recent findings indicate that long‐term allergen tolerance upon discontinuation not only relies on generation proper adaptive immune responses by allergen‐specific regulatory T B cells enabling induction different isotypes blocking antibodies but also restoration innate responses. Trained immunity (TRIM) process which acquire memory depending metabolic epigenetic reprogramming, thus conferring host increased broad protection against infection. This concept was initially explored infectious diseases, as well vaccination infections, compelling experimental evidence suggests TRIM might play a role AIT. Hyperinflammatory early life, likely due maladaptations, lead aberrant type 2 inflammation‐enhancing allergy. However, exposure farming environments specific microbes prevents recurrent infections development, partially TRIM. TRIM‐based vaccines next‐generation inducing reprogramming their precursors have shown protective antiallergic effects. A better understanding factors early‐life context identification characterization novel inducers enable design alternative diseases.

Language: Английский

Elevated IL-17A-Secreting Regulatory T Cells in Sinonasal Tissues of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps DOI
Gwanghui Ryu, Jun Sang Bae, Shin Hyuk Yoo

et al.

Inflammation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Interaction Among Effector, Regulatory, and Tγδ Cells Determines the Development of Allergy or Tolerance to Chromium DOI Open Access
Magdalena Zemelka‐Wiącek

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 1370 - 1370

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Background/Objectives: Chromium, a common environmental and occupational sensitizer, frequently induces allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). This study investigates the role of CD4+ (T helper), CD8+ cytotoxic), regulatory (Tregs: CD4+CD25+ CD8+CD25+), gamma delta (Tγδ) T cells in chromium tolerance versus hypersensitivity. Methods: Six chromium-allergic patients six healthy controls were recruited, confirmed via patch testing. Peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMCs) isolated cultured, with exposure proliferation assays conducted. Specific cell subtypes analyzed for chromium-specific proliferative responses, cytokine production, metabolic activity. Results: Chromium-allergic individuals exhibited broad across PBMC subsets, contrasting restricted responses controls. Treg subjects effectively suppressed response to chromium, while showed unmodulated activity, indicative impaired function. Cytokine analysis revealed elevated IL-2 TNF-α but absent IL-10 patients. Metabolic assessments higher glycolytic activity Tregs controls, suggesting enhanced potential. Conclusions: These findings highlight importance balanced effector interactions tolerance. Dysregulated Tγδ functions may contribute hypersensitivity, implications targeted therapeutic strategies restore immune balance reduce chromium-sensitive

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Interaction between nasal epithelial cells and Tregs in allergic rhinitis responses to allergen via CCL1/CCR8 DOI Creative Commons
Jichao Sha, Maolin Yang, Yingying Lei

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

The airway epithelial barrier is the first defence against aeroallergens. Nasal cells (NECs) are vital in regulating innate and adaptive mucosal immunity allergic rhinitis (AR). Tregs produce cytokines essential for immunomodulatory activities allergen immunotherapy. Understanding relationship between NECs hyperresponsiveness network developing novel treatments. Using an vitro human Treg-NEC co-culture system of AR health control group, chemokine expression profiles were examined using immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, ELISA, functional surface markers detected flow cytometric analysis. Correlation analysis was performed derived from CD4+CD8+Foxp3+ group after co-culture, including TSLP/CTLA4, CCL1/CTLA4, TSLP/CCR8, CCL1/CCR8. CCR8 CTLA-4 expressions co-culturing higher than single culture. Following Derp1 stimulation, TSLP, IL-25 TGF-β + increased. CCL1 mRNA lower group. In TSLP higher, protein levels decreased. There no significant differences IL-25, IL-10. When Treg added, changes similar to that observed pNECs. After CCL1/CCR8 positively correlated AR. Human pNECs can communicate with directly, may be pathway play a key role immune

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Role of IgE in Crohn's Disease by Impairing the Capacity of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells to Generate FOXP3+ Tregs DOI Open Access
Andrés de la Rocha‐Muñoz, Cristina Benito‐Villalvilla, David Olivares

et al.

Allergy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 7, 2025

A causal relationship between Crohn's disease (CD) and asthma is reported, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We sought to investigate role of IgE IgE-mediated pathways in pathophysiology CD. 20 CD patients, 10 allergic patients without inflammatory bowel disease, healthy donors (HD) were included study. Total serum was quantified by ELISA. Circulating IgE+ FcεRIα+ immune cells, as well specific CD4+ T cell populations, determined flow cytometry. Gene set enrichment signatures from available single-cell (sc)RNAseq datasets intestine analyzed. Purified plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) cocultured with naïve assess Tregs generation. similar non-CD displayed significantly higher numbers circulating or than HD. The percentage blood pDCs HD patients. showed effector memory lower FOXP3+ scRNAseq data confirmed that imbalance overactivation take place also gut tissues children adults, suggesting could interfere pDC-Tregs axis. In vitro functional experiments demonstrated IgE-crosslinking on impairs Treg generation, which restored anti-IgE mAb omalizumab. might play an unprecedented impairing capacity generate Tregs, represent a novel mechanism contributing be exploited for alternative therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Inhalant Mediated Allergy: Immunobiology, Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis DOI Creative Commons

Ki Lam,

Elaine Y. L. Au, Wai‐Ki Ip

et al.

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 68(1)

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract Inhalant allergen–mediated respiratory diseases, including asthma and allergic rhinitis, have become increasing global health issues. While air pollution is believed to favor sensitization intensify clinical symptoms of allergy, allergen can vary highly with geographical location, climate, lifestyle differences. Pollen higher in European countries, while dust mite more common regions high humidity. Domestic pet on the rising trend industrialized nations, but paradoxical effect intensive cat exposure early childhood also observed. Clinical management inhalant diseases has greatly benefited from immunological mechanistic understanding pathophysiology. In this review, we discuss current knowledge mediated disorders emphasis (1) major immune cells relevant chemokines cytokines effector phase aeroallergen exposure, (2) their manifestation (3) characterization allergens, (4) chemical contributions development (5) diagnosis allergy. Knowledge role Th2 skewing, IgE, basophil, mast cells, eosinophils are fundamental these disorders. Skin test, basophil activation specific IgE component–resolved diagnostics used for facilitate further management. Advances biologics allergen-specific immunotherapy will strategize future approaches care diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Immunomodulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells‐derived extracellular vesicles to modulate the regulatory T cells and Th1/Th2 imbalance in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with allergic rhinitis DOI
Zhao Wang, Khawar Ali Shahzad, Xuran Li

et al.

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 100(6)

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have shown promising immunomodulatory capabilities for a variety of clinical conditions. However, the potential regulatory mechanisms MSC-EVs in allergic rhinitis (AR) remain unexplored. The present study was designed to investigate effect patients with AR. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from AR patients. number peripheral CD4

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Short‐course subcutaneous treatment with birch pollen allergoids greatly improves symptom and medication scores in birch allergy DOI Creative Commons
Ralph Mösges, E Raskopf, Ludger Klimek

et al.

Allergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 9, 2024

Subcutaneous immunotherapy has emerged as an effective option for treating allergic diseases. Here, we assessed the clinical impact of mannan-conjugated birch pollen polymerized allergoid T502 in pollen-induced rhinoconjunctivitis.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Allergen‐Specific Immunotherapy and Trained Immunity DOI Creative Commons
Leticia Martín‐Cruz, Óscar Palomares

Allergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

ABSTRACT The high prevalence of allergic diseases reached over the last years is attributed to complex interplay genetic factors, lifestyle changes, and environmental exposome. Allergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT) single therapeutic strategy for with potential capacity modify course disease. Our knowledge mechanisms involved in allergy successful AIT has significantly improved. Recent findings indicate that long‐term allergen tolerance upon discontinuation not only relies on generation proper adaptive immune responses by allergen‐specific regulatory T B cells enabling induction different isotypes blocking antibodies but also restoration innate responses. Trained immunity (TRIM) process which acquire memory depending metabolic epigenetic reprogramming, thus conferring host increased broad protection against infection. This concept was initially explored infectious diseases, as well vaccination infections, compelling experimental evidence suggests TRIM might play a role AIT. Hyperinflammatory early life, likely due maladaptations, lead aberrant type 2 inflammation‐enhancing allergy. However, exposure farming environments specific microbes prevents recurrent infections development, partially TRIM. TRIM‐based vaccines next‐generation inducing reprogramming their precursors have shown protective antiallergic effects. A better understanding factors early‐life context identification characterization novel inducers enable design alternative diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

1