Fish and Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Sex and Racial Differences in Cardiovascular Outcomes and Cognitive Function DOI Open Access
Francine K. Welty, Ralph Daher, Mahdi Garelnabi

et al.

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 89 - 107

Published: Nov. 2, 2023

Both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cognitive decline are common features of aging. One in 5 deaths is cardiac for both men women the United States, an estimated 50 million currently living with dementia worldwide. In this review, we summarize sex racial differences role fish its very long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA), preventing CVD events decline. prospective studies, higher nonfried intake Black individuals plasma levels EPA DHA had a lower risk CVD. randomized controlled trials supplementation primary prevention, subjects benefited secondary outcome. benefited, Asians as prespecified subgroup. Fish acids associated prevention studies. supplementation, have benefit. seems more beneficial than EPA, when started before Although studies groups limited, life-long lowers decline, also show benefit supplementation. These findings should be factored into recommendations future research clinical dietary modalities could cost-effective prevention.

Language: Английский

Inflammation and resolution in obesity DOI
Matúš Soták, Madison Clark, Bianca E Suur

et al.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

19

Do patients benefit from omega-3 fatty acids? DOI Creative Commons
Samuel Sherratt, R. Preston Mason, Peter Libby

et al.

Cardiovascular Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 119(18), P. 2884 - 2901

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Abstract Omega-3 fatty acids (O3FAs) possess beneficial properties for cardiovascular (CV) health and elevated O3FA levels are associated with lower incident risk CV disease (CVD.) Yet, treatment of at-risk patients various formulations has produced disparate results in large, well-controlled well-conducted clinical trials. Prescription fish oil supplements containing low-dose mixtures eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA) have routinely failed to prevent events primary secondary prevention settings when added contemporary care, as shown most recently the STRENGTH OMEMI However, observed JELIS, REDUCE-IT, RESPECT-EPA, EPA-only significantly reduce CVD high-risk patients. The mechanism action EPA, while certainly multifaceted, does not depend solely on reductions circulating lipids, including triglycerides (TG) LDL, event reduction appears related achieved EPA suggesting that particular chemical biological compared DHA other O3FAs, may contribute its distinct efficacy. In vitro vivo studies different effects alone or EPA/DHA combination treatments, atherosclerotic plaque morphology, LDL membrane oxidation, cholesterol distribution, lipid dynamics, glucose homeostasis, endothelial function, downstream metabolite function. These findings indicate prescription-grade, provide greater benefit than O3FAs tested. This review summarizes formulations, their efficacy treating disease, underlying mechanisms action.

Language: Английский

Citations

26

Clinical Significance of Serum Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Endothelial Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Under Statin Therapy DOI Creative Commons
Kei Yunoki,

Hiroaki Matsumi,

Toru Miyoshi

et al.

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 60 - 60

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Vascular endothelial function plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The reduction low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a key therapy for preventing coronary artery disease (CAD), but omega-3 fatty acids as residual risk factors CAD remains controversial. We studied correlation between serum acid levels and patients with receiving statin examined effect eicosapentaenoic (EPA) on function. A total 150 consecutive (LDL-C < 100 mg/dL) were enrolled. Serum measured, was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) brachial artery. Subsequently, 65 impaired FMD (<6%) low EPA/arachidonic (AA) (<0.3) administered EPA, reassessed after 3 months. multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that docosahexaenoic (DHA) EPA plus DHA independent determinants %FMD (β = 0.214 0.163, p 0.05, respectively). significantly improved (from 3.7 ± 1.0% to 4.1 1.0%, 0.05) EPA/AA, especially EPA/AA high triglyceride 3.4 4.0 1.1%, 0.01). associated dysfunction therapy. improves those triglycerides.

Language: Английский

Citations

1

Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE‐IT Randomized Trial DOI Creative Commons
Rahul Aggarwal, Deepak L. Bhatt, Philippe Gabríel Steg

et al.

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

The efficacy of icosapent ethyl among patients with very well-controlled baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is unknown. In this post hoc analysis the REDUCE-IT (Reduction Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial) randomized clinical trial, statin-treated high cardiovascular risk, elevated triglycerides (135-499 mg/dL), and LDL-C 41 to 100 mg/dL were included. Patients (2 g twice daily) or placebo then stratified by (<55 versus ≥55 mg/dL). primary composite end point included death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, unstable angina. Among 8175 data, 7117 (87.1%) had 1058 (12.9%) <55 mg/dL. mg/dL, rate was lower in group (16.2% 22.8%) than (hazard ratio [HR], 0.66 [95% CI, 0.50-0.87]; absolute risk reduction, 6.6%; P=0.003). a event occurred proportion (17.4% 21.9%) (HR, 0.76 0.69-0.85]; 4.5%; P<0.0001). No significant interaction observed between treatment (P for interaction=0.40). Findings consistent secondary points sensitivity analyses. reduced irrespective LDL-C, including eligible optimal control. URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01492361.

Language: Английский

Citations

1

Severe hypertriglyceridemia: Existing and emerging therapies DOI
Waqas Malick, Ron Do, Robert S. Rosenson

et al.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 251, P. 108544 - 108544

Published: Oct. 15, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

17

Beyond LDL-C: unravelling the residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk landscape—focus on hypertriglyceridaemia DOI Creative Commons
Bilal Bashir, Jonathan Schofield,

Paul Downie

et al.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Historically, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk profile mitigation has had a predominant focus on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). In this narrative review we explore the residual ASCVD beyond LDL-C with hypertriglyceridaemia, recent clinical trials of therapeutics targeting hypertriglyceridaemia and novel modalities addressing other factors.

Language: Английский

Citations

8

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Improves Endothelial Nitric Oxide Bioavailability Via Changes in Protein Expression During Inflammation DOI Creative Commons
Samuel Sherratt, Peter Libby, Hazem Dawoud

et al.

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(14)

Published: July 3, 2024

Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction involves reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability due to NO synthase uncoupling linked increased oxidation and cofactor availability. Loss of endothelial function are associated with inflammation, including leukocyte activation. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) administered as icosapent ethyl cardiovascular events in REDUCE-IT (Reduction Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial) relation on-treatment EPA blood levels. The mechanisms protection for remain incompletely elucidated but likely involve direct effects on the endothelium.

Language: Английский

Citations

6

Drugs for dyslipidaemia: the legacy effect of the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) DOI
Timo Strandberg, Petri T. Kovanen, Donald M. Lloyd‐Jones

et al.

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5

Exploring emerging pharmacotherapies for type 2 diabetes patients with hypertriglyceridemia DOI
Brian Tomlinson, Paul Chan

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Introduction Atherogenic dyslipidemia with increased triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and small dense low-density (LDL) particles is a major risk factor contributing to the cardiovascular (CV) in patients type 2 diabetes (T2D). This regarded as residual after achieving target of LDL cholesterol.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

PFO‐ACCESS: Augmenting Communications for Medical Care or Closure in the Evaluation of Patients With Stroke With Cardiac Shunts DOI Creative Commons

Yasaman Pirahanchi,

Benjamin Shifflett,

Ehtisham Mahmud

et al.

Stroke Vascular and Interventional Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

BACKGROUND Patent foramen ovale (PFO) contributes to a quarter of embolic strokes undetermined source. Although the benefit PFO closure in selected patients has been demonstrated, our system workflow still resulted low rate evaluation for closure. The aim PFO‐ACCESS (Augmenting Communications Medical Care or Closure Evaluation Stroke Patients With Cardiac Shunts) program (which included implementation Viz.ai PFO‐specific communications module) was determine if there any change management due improved communication between stroke and interventional cardiology teams. METHODS In this quality improvement project, we compared pre‐PFO ACCESS (December 2022–November 2023) post‐PFO periods (November 2023–June 2024) regarding evaluations. module implemented teams without other changes. Key performance indicators referral frequency, rates, time intervals. Statistical comparisons utilized Mann–Whitney U , chi‐square, Fisher's exact, exact Poisson test where appropriate. RESULTS postimplementation period noted 492% increase (11 versus 38,65 [annualized]; P <0.0001). number totals showed 186% nonsignificant pre post (6 10,17 = 0.99), with percentage total referred cases showing large but decrease (54.55%, 26.32%; 0.14). Time marked median “referral sent viewed” (10:37 hours, 1:08 hours; 0.73), accepted” 1:03 0.67) interval, closure” interval (102 days, 97 days; 0.55). CONCLUSION use referrals enhanced efficiency managing PFO‐related cases. Though increased closures were observed, indicating selective case management. higher shows that more are indeed appropriate consideration. Future efforts should focus on expanding outpatient increasing provider education optimize

Language: Английский

Citations

0