Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: June 21, 2021
Stroke
is
a
neurological
disease
responsible
for
significant
morbidity
and
disability
worldwide.
However,
there
remains
dearth
of
effective
therapies.
The
failure
many
therapies
stroke
in
clinical
trials
has
promoted
the
development
human
cell-based
models,
such
as
brain
organoids.
Brain
organoids
differ
from
pluripotent
stem
cells
that
they
recapitulate
various
key
features
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
three-dimensional
(3D)
space.
Recent
studies
have
demonstrated
could
serve
new
platform
to
study
diseases.
are
several
limitations,
scarcity
glia
vasculature
organoids,
which
important
studying
stroke.
Herein,
we
summarized
application
organoid
technology
research,
modeling
transplantation
purposes.
We
also
discuss
methods
overcome
limitations
technology,
well
future
prospects
its
research.
Although
difficulties
challenges
associated
with
it
clear
this
approach
will
play
critical
role
exploration
treatment.
Journal of Biomedical Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
28(1)
Published: April 13, 2021
Abstract
Mesenchymal
stem/stromal
cells
(MSCs)
are
a
promising
resource
for
cell-based
therapy
because
of
their
high
immunomodulation
ability,
tropism
towards
inflamed
and
injured
tissues,
easy
access
isolation.
Currently,
there
more
than
1200
registered
MSC
clinical
trials
globally.
However,
lack
standardized
methods
to
characterize
cell
safety,
efficacy,
biodistribution
dramatically
hinders
the
progress
utility
in
practice.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
current
state
MSC-based
therapy,
focusing
on
systemic
safety
MSCs.
MSC-associated
risks
tumor
initiation
promotion
underlying
mechanisms
these
discussed.
addition,
methodology
pharmacokinetics
pharmacodynamics
therapies
addressed.
Better
understanding
MSCs
will
facilitate
future
applications
precision
medicine
using
stem
cells.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(19), P. 7380 - 7380
Published: Oct. 6, 2020
Despite
recent
developments
in
innovative
treatment
strategies,
stroke
remains
one
of
the
leading
causes
death
and
disability
worldwide.
Stem
cell
therapy
is
currently
attracting
much
attention
due
to
its
potential
for
exerting
significant
therapeutic
effects
on
patients.
Various
types
cells,
including
bone
marrow
mononuclear
marrow/adipose-derived
stem/stromal
umbilical
cord
blood
neural
stem
olfactory
ensheathing
cells
have
enhanced
neurological
outcomes
animal
models.
These
also
been
tested
via
clinical
trials
involving
In
this
article,
authors
review
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
recovery
associated
with
treatment,
as
well
advances
therapy,
particular
reference
future
prospects
such
treating
stroke.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
8
Published: Nov. 5, 2020
Stroke
is
a
leading
cause
of
death
and
disability
but
most
the
clinical
trials
have
failed
in
past,
partially
because
majority
current
approaches
are
focusing
on
neural
protection
rather
than
neuroregeneration.
In
this
study,
we
report
an
vivo
regeneration
approach
through
AAV
NeuroD1-based
gene
therapy
to
repair
damaged
brains
after
ischemic
stroke
adult
non-human
primates
(NHPs).
We
demonstrate
that
ectopic
expression
transcription
factor
NeuroD1
reactive
astrocytes
monkey
cortical
can
convert
90%
infected
into
neurons.
Interestingly,
not
depleted
NeuroD1-converted
areas,
consistent
with
proliferative
capability
astrocytes.
Following
cortex,
NeuroD1-mediated
astrocyte-to-neuron
(AtN)
conversion
significantly
increased
local
neuronal
density,
reduced
microglia,
surprisingly
protected
parvalbumin
interneurons
converted
areas.
Furthermore,
showed
broad
time
window
AtN
conversion,
from
10
days
30
following
stroke.
The
astrocyte-converted
neurons
Tbr1+
neuron
identity,
similar
our
earlier
findings
rodent
animal
models.
Unexpectedly,
significant
decrease
6
months
viral
infection,
indicating
downregulation
maturation
NHPs.
These
results
suggest
cell
may
be
effective
regenerate
new
for
tissue
primate
brains.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Feb. 26, 2021
Ischemic
stroke
is
a
leading
cause
of
death
worldwide;
currently
available
treatment
approaches
for
ischemic
are
to
restore
blood
flow,
which
reduce
disability
but
time
limited.
The
interruption
flow
in
contributes
intricate
pathophysiological
processes.
Oxidative
stress
and
inflammatory
activity
two
early
events
the
cascade
cerebral
injury.
These
factors
reciprocal
causation
directly
trigger
development
autophagy.
Appropriate
autophagy
brain
recovery
by
reducing
oxidative
activity,
while
dysfunction
aggravates
Abundant
evidence
demonstrates
beneficial
impact
mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
secretome
on
MSCs
through
suppressing
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
nitrogen
(RNS)
generation
transferring
healthy
mitochondria
damaged
cells.
Meanwhile,
exert
anti-inflammation
properties
production
cytokines
extracellular
vesicles,
inhibiting
proinflammatory
activation,
pyroptosis,
alleviating
blood–brain
barrier
leakage.
Additionally,
regulation
imbalances
gives
rise
neuroprotection
against
Altogether,
have
been
promising
candidate
due
their
pleiotropic
effect.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(18), P. 6718 - 6718
Published: Sept. 14, 2020
Stroke
is
the
most
prevalent
cardiovascular
disease
worldwide,
and
still
one
of
leading
causes
death
disability.
Stem
cell-based
therapy
actively
being
investigated
as
a
new
potential
treatment
for
certain
neurological
disorders,
including
stroke.
Various
types
cells,
bone
marrow
mononuclear
mesenchymal
stem
dental
pulp
neural
inducible
pluripotent
genetically
modified
cells
have
been
found
to
improve
outcomes
in
animal
models
stroke,
there
are
some
ongoing
clinical
trials
assessing
their
efficacy
humans.
In
this
review,
we
aim
summarize
recent
advances
therapies
treat
Stroke,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
53(5), P. 1460 - 1472
Published: April 5, 2022
Stroke
remains
a
significant
unmet
clinical
need
with
few
treatment
options
that
have
very
narrow
therapeutic
window,
thereby
causing
massive
mortality
and
morbidity
in
the
United
States
around
world.
Accordingly,
finding
safe
effective
novel
treatments
wider
window
stands
as
an
urgent
stroke.
The
progressive
inflammation
occurs
centrally
peripherally
after
stroke
serves
unique
target
to
retard
even
halt
secondary
cell
death.
Stem
therapy
represents
potent
approach
can
diminish
both
brain
periphery
(eg,
spleen),
advancing
paradigm
shift
from
traditionally
brain-focused
treating
neurological
disorder
peripheral
pathology.
purpose
of
this
review
article
is
highlight
inflammation-mediated
death
plagues
spleen
evaluate
potential
stem
dampening
these
inflammatory
responses.
Trends in Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(3), P. 223 - 238
Published: Jan. 25, 2024
Stem
cell
therapy
is
an
emerging
treatment
paradigm
for
stroke
patients
with
remaining
neurological
deficits.
While
allogeneic
transplants
overcome
the
manufacturing
constraints
of
autologous
grafts,
they
can
be
rejected
by
recipient's
immune
system,
which
identifies
foreign
cells
through
human
leukocyte
antigen
(HLA)
system.
The
heterogeneity
HLA
molecules
in
population
would
require
a
very
high
number
lines,
may
still
inadequate
rare
genetic
HLAs.
Here,
we
outline
key
progress
engineering
pluripotent
stem
and
derived
to
evade
host's
reducing
lines
required,
examine
safety
measures
explored
both
preclinical
studies
upcoming
clinical
trials.
Journal of Tissue Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
The
selective
permeability
of
the
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
enables
necessary
exchange
substances
between
brain
parenchyma
and
circulating
blood
is
important
for
normal
functioning
central
nervous
system.
Ischemic
stroke
inflicts
damage
upon
BBB,
triggering
adverse
outcomes
such
as
cerebral
edema,
hemorrhagic
transformation,
aggravated
neuroinflammation.
Therefore,
effective
repair
damaged
BBB
after
neovascularization
that
allows
unique
transfer
from
recovery
function.
This
review
focuses
on
four
therapies
have
effects
tissue
in
last
seven
years.
Most
these
new
show
increased
expression
tight-junction
proteins,
some
beneficial
results
terms
enhanced
pericyte
coverage
at
injured
vessels.
also
briefly
outlines
three
classes
approaches
their
mechanisms
promoting
neoangiogenesis
following
a
stroke.
Stroke,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
51(5), P. 1507 - 1513
Published: April 16, 2020
Background
and
Purpose-
We
examined
if
ischemic
stroke
is
associated
with
white
matter
degeneration
predominantly
confined
to
the
ipsi-lesional
tracts
or
widespread
bilateral
axonal
loss
independent
of
lesion
laterality.
Methods-
applied
a
novel
fixel-based
analysis,
sensitive
fiber
tract-specific
differences
within
voxel,
assess
in
(N=104,
32
women)
compared
control
participants
(N=40,
15
across
whole
brain.
studied
microstructural
density
macrostructural
(morphological)
changes
cross-section.
Results-
In
stroke,
we
observed
significantly
lower
cross-section
areas
adjacent,
connected,
lesions
(eg,
corticospinal
tract).
addition,
extended
beyond
directly
connected
tracts,
laterality
corpus
callosum,
inferior
fronto-occipital
fasciculus,
right
superior
longitudinal
fasciculus).
Conclusions-
conclude
that
extensive
neurodegeneration
affects
integrity
These
findings
expand
our
understanding
mechanisms
brain
volume
delayed
cognitive
decline
stroke.
