Characterizing Human Habits in the Lab
Collabra Psychology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Habits
pose
a
fundamental
puzzle
for
those
aiming
to
understand
human
behavior.
They
pervade
our
everyday
lives
and
dominate
some
forms
of
psychopathology
but
are
extremely
hard
elicit
in
the
lab.
In
this
Registered
Report,
we
developed
novel
experimental
paradigms
grounded
computational
models,
which
suggest
that
habit
strength
should
be
proportional
frequency
behavior
and,
contrast
previous
research,
independent
value.
Specifically,
manipulated
how
often
participants
performed
responses
two
tasks
varying
action
repetition
without,
or
separately
from,
variations
Moreover,
asked
frequency-based
habitization
related
value-based
operationalizations
self-reported
propensities
habitual
real
life.
We
find
choice
during
training
increases
at
test
form
shows
little
relation
habit.
Our
findings
empirically
ground
perspective
on
constituents
habits
may
arise
absence
external
reinforcement.
further
no
evidence
an
overlap
between
different
approaches
measuring
associations
with
real-life
habits.
Thus,
call
rigorous
reassessment
understanding
measurement
Language: Английский
Psychology of Planning
Annual Review of Psychology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
76(1), P. 303 - 328
Published: Jan. 17, 2025
Planning
has
been
studied
in
different
fields
of
psychology,
including
cognitive,
developmental,
personality,
social,
and
work
organizational
research.
This
article
looks
at
the
planning
process
through
lens
motivation
science,
asks
question,
What
kind
can
help
people
reach
their
goals?
We
focus
on
strategy
making
if-then
plans
(also
known
as
forming
implementation
intentions).
discuss
what
kinds
cognitive
performance
be
enhanced
by
(e.g.,
attention
control,
prospective
memory,
executive
functions,
decision
making),
whether
may
also
benefit
people's
emotion
desired
behavior
change,
pending
social
interactions.
point
to
positive
impacts
thinking,
feeling,
acting,
we
list
moderators
pertaining
sample
characteristics
features
underlying
goals
themselves.
Finally,
processes
effects
are
delineated
hope
better
understanding
might
best
promoting
flexible
but
tenacious
goal
pursuit.
Language: Английский
Temporal dynamics of model-based control reveal arbitration between multiple task representations
Published: June 15, 2024
Predominant
frameworks
categorize
decisions
dichotomously
(e.g.
“goal-directed”
vs.
“habitual”;
“model-based”
“model-free”).
However,
extensive
work
has
shown
that
many
human
behaviors
exhibit
features
of
both
systems,
such
as
those
require
foresight
(a
goal-directed
feature)
but
are
not
sensitive
to
environmental
perturbations
during
action
execution
rigidity
characteristic
habits).
Here,
we
introduce
and
explain
a
new
subdivision
behaviors,
linking
the
format
in
which
decision-maker
represented
contingencies
memory.
We
this
distinction
by
employing
novel
variant
standard,
two-stage
decision
task,
allows
us
behaviorally
capture
within-
across-trial
dynamics
planning.
jointly
fit
choices
response
times
with
computational
model
revealed
how
people
select
among
multiple
task
representations
planning
environments
differing
state-space
complexity.
In
particular,
examined
reliance
on
changed
function
experience,
within-subject,
complexity,
across-subjects
(total
n
=
426).
show
complexity
environment
experience
given
contingency
structure
inform
kinds
use
make
decisions:
at
early
stages
start
“conjunctive”
(combining
co-occurring
first-stage
states)
simpler
environments,
“separated”
representation
(splitting
states
according
their
second-step
outcomes)
is
preferred
more
complex
environments.
With
pattern
reversed.
Finally,
shift
governed
change
approaches
optimizing
reward
rate:
initially,
focus
minimizing
uncertainty,
once
reached
asymptote,
they
transition
prioritizing
efficiency.
Taken
together,
only
arbitrate
between
different
modes
control,
also
types
for
efficient
Language: Английский
Cortico‐striatal white‐matter connectivity underlies the ability to exert goal‐directed control
European Journal of Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
60(4), P. 4518 - 4535
Published: July 7, 2024
The
balance
between
goal-directed
and
habitual
control
has
been
proposed
to
determine
the
flexibility
of
instrumental
behaviour,
in
both
humans
animals.
This
view
is
supported
by
neuroscientific
studies
that
have
implicated
dissociable
neural
pathways
ability
flexibly
adjust
behaviour
when
outcome
values
change.
A
previous
Diffusion
Tensor
Imaging
study
provided
preliminary
evidence
flexible
performance
depends
on
strength
parallel
cortico-striatal
white-matter
previously
control.
Specifically,
estimated
caudate
ventromedial
prefrontal
cortex
correlated
positively
with
behavioural
flexibility,
posterior
putamen-premotor
connectivity
negatively,
line
notion
these
compete
for
However,
sample
size
original
was
limited,
so
far,
there
no
attempts
replicate
findings.
In
present
study,
we
aimed
conceptually
findings
testing
a
large
205
young
adults
relate
slips-of-action
task.
short,
found
only
positive
correlates
performance,
including
striatal
(caudate
anterior
putamen)
dorsolateral
cortex.
failed
provide
converging
existence
habit
system
puts
limits
capacity
flexible,
action.
We
discuss
implications
our
dual-process
theories
Language: Английский