Brachiopod genome unveils the evolution of the BMP–Chordin network in bilaterian body patterning

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 2, 2024

Abstract Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling is crucial in regulating dorsal–ventral patterning and cell fate determination during early development bilaterians. Interactions between BMP ligands their main antagonist, Chordin, establish gradients, subdivide embryos into distinct territories organise body plans. However, the molecular control evolutionary origins of within spiralians, one three major bilaterian groups, have been obscured by unique embryonic development. Here we present chromosome-level genome a spiralian with deuterostome-like development, brachiopod Lingula anatina , apply functional transcriptomics to study under signalling. We uncover presence gradient L. gastrula bmp2/4 chordin expressed at its dorsal ventral sides, respectively. Using small-molecule drugs, exogenous recombinant proteins RNA sequencing, show that high level pathway activation inhibits expression neural genes larval stages. also splits developing shell field two valves. The discovery BMP-mediated system spiralian, similar those observed deuterostomes non-spiralian protostomes, suggests deep conservation this mechanism across all clades. This further supported striking similarities gene sets regulated brachiopods vertebrate model Xenopus . argue ancestor retained basal patterning, although downstream components BMP–Chordin network undergone dynamic changes.

Language: Английский

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Distribution and phylogenetic position of Spiralizoros hainanensis (Zoraptera: Spiralizoridae)

Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102368 - 102368

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mitophylogenetic patterns in Tettigoniidae: Insights from the complete mitogenome of Saga natoliae (Orthoptera)

Zootaxa, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5569(3), P. 459 - 476

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Although there is a consensus on the distinctiveness of Saginae, its phylogenetic position within Tettigoniidae remains topic to debate. Comprehensive DNA data are essential for clarifying subfamilial relationships Tettigoniidae. This study investigates complete mitogenome Saga natoliae, providing critical insights into Saginae. To achieve this, we established two datasets: first comprises total sequences from all published representatives subfamilies and tribes, while second includes partial not represented in dataset. The dataset produced well-resolved tree, whereas exhibited limited resolution. By synthesizing results both following conclusions were made: (1) natoliae displays typical characteristics Pancrustaceae Orthoptera. (2) mitophylogeny reveals four main clades: (i) (ii) Lipotactinae, (iii) Tettigonioid clade (including + Bradyporinae, Hexacentrinae, Conocephalinae, Meconematinae) (iv) Phaneropteroid (comprising Pseudophyllinae, Mecopodinae, Phaneropterinae). Consequently, Saginae as distinct internal lineage, referred Saginoid clade. (3) Our findings do support close between Zaprochilinae, Tympanophorinae Phasmodinae. (4) Data confirm that monophyletic subfamily, likely originated Africa subsequently dispersed West Palearctic region.

Language: Английский

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A roadmap for harlequin frog systematics, with a partial revision of Amazonian species related to Atelopus spumarius

Zootaxa, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5571(1), P. 1 - 76

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Harlequin frogs, genus Atelopus, are a species-rich group of bufonid anurans from the Neotropics with more than 100 species. For nearly four decades now, this has suffered massive population declines. Almost all species threatened extinction, and many populations several considered extinct or possibly extinct. This results in limited sampling available for studies on harlequin frog systematics, especially terms molecular genetic information. However, efficient conservation frogs requires an improved taxonomy. is further complicated through circumstance that Atelopus relatively poor external morphological characters combined high level intra-specific character variation (e.g. coloration body size). At same time, cryptic diversity exists well differentiated (supported by osteology genetics) almost indistinguishable morphology. We compiled largest dataset to date mitochondrial (12S, 16S, cyt b) nuclear (POMC, RAG1) markers present phylogeny (likelihood Bayesian inference methods) including 152 samples 104 scattered over entire geographic range genus. Four allo- parapatric main clades distinguished: I. Sierra Nevada; II. Venezuelan-Andean; III. Andean-Chocó-Central American (with ignescens varius-longirostris clades); IV Amazonian (containing tricolor flavescens-spumarius clades). The phylogenetic relationships within these remain be resolved. Taxonomic implications included both splitting lumping, but taxonomic action here only taken related A. spumarius western Amazonia. Besides redescriptions sensu stricto colomai, we describe two new based morphology, skull bioacoustics. Additional yet understudied Amazonia may allocated represent additional undescribed taxa.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenetic relationships within western African Torrent Toads (Anura: Bufonidae: Werneria) with focus on the taxonomic status of Werneria preussi and Atelopus africanus

Zootaxa, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5575(3), P. 351 - 373

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Bufo preussi Matschie, 1893 from Mt. Cameroon was the first African Torrent toad to be described, soon followed by Atelopus africanus Werner, 1898 Bismarkburg in Togo. Shortly after, both species were considered conspecific and, currently, fall under name Werneria following taxonomic revisions. The type locality of A. consequently believed an error, especially due absence reports individuals Togo subsequent years. However, it remained uncertain if this synonymy is justified or may indeed represent a valid but potentially extinct species. To answer question, we generated mitochondrial data (12S, 16S and COI) for name-bearing types W. using museomic approach. This further complemented nuclear contemporary relatives. Our multi-gene phylogeny inferred showed that constitute well-supported monophyletic group, which includes submontana. Together with distance values falling below commonly used threshold 3% 6% COI, result provides strong evidence being junior synonym preussi, genus It indicates submontana does not distinct rather geographic variety differing morphologically topotypic preussi. Due morphological differentiation, propose consider populations as subspecies herein introduce new comb. nov. We designate lectotype order increase nomenclatural stability facilitate future research focusing on Toads.

Language: Английский

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