Experimental Eye Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110219 - 110219
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(3), P. 4 - 4
Published: March 11, 2024
A progression sequence for age-related macular degeneration onset may be determinable with consensus neuroanatomical nomenclature augmented by drusen biology and eye-tracked clinical imaging. This narrative review proposes to supplement the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (sETDRS) grid a ring capture high rod densities. Published photoreceptor retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) densities in flat mounted aged-normal donor eyes were recomputed sETDRS rings including near-periphery rich rods cumulatively circular fovea-centered regions. Literature was reviewed tissue-level studies aging outer retina, population-level epidemiology regionally assessing risk, vision rod-mediated dark adaptation (RMDA), impact atrophy on photopic visual acuity. The 3 mm-diameter xanthophyll-rich macula lutea is rod-dominant loses whereas cone RPE numbers are relatively stable. Across layers, largest effects accumulation lipids prominent drusen, loss choriocapillary coverage Bruch's membrane, rods. Epidemiology shows maximal risk drusen-related central subfield only one third this level inner ring. RMDA report greatest slowing at perimeter high-risk area. Vision declines precipitously when cone-rich invaded geographic atrophy. Lifelong sustenance foveal within leads vulnerability late adulthood that especially impacts its perimeter. Adherence an cell populations it will help dissect mechanisms, prioritize research, assist selecting patients emerging treatments.
Language: Английский
Citations
32
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(2), P. 1 - 1
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Purpose: Lack of valid end points impedes developing therapeutic strategies for early age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Delayed rod-mediated dark adaptation (RMDA) is the first functional biomarker incident AMD. The relationship between RMDA and status outer retinal bands on optical coherence tomography (OCT) have not been well defined. This study aims to characterize these relationships in intermediate Methods: Baseline data from 476 participants was assessed including eyes with AMD (n = 138), 101), normal aging 237). Participants underwent volume OCT imaging macula rod intercept time (RIT) measured. ellipsoid zone (EZ) interdigitation (IZ) all B-scans volumes were segmented. area detectable EZ IZ, mean thickness IZ within Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid computed associations RIT by Spearman's correlation coefficient age adjusted. Results: (longer RIT) most strongly associated less preserved (r −0.591; P < 0.001), followed decreased −0.434; −0.334; 0.001). integrity apparent when considering alone 1.5 mm fovea. Conclusions: correlated eyes, particularly, IZ. consistent a previous analysis only foveal biologically plausible given that retinoid availability, involving transfer at interface attributed rate-limiting RMDA.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)
Published: June 19, 2024
Abstract Phototransduction involves changes in concentration of ions and other solutes within photoreceptors subretinal space, which affect osmotic pressure the associated water flow. Corresponding expansion contraction cellular layers can be imaged using optoretinography (ORG), based on phase-resolved optical coherence tomography (OCT). Until now, ORG could reliably detect only photoisomerization phototransduction photoreceptors, primarily cones under bright stimuli. Here, by employing a phase-restoring subpixel motion correction algorithm, enables imaging nanometer-scale tissue dynamics during minute-long recordings, unsupervised learning spatiotemporal patterns, we discover signatures retinal structures’ response to visual These include inner outer segments rod pigment epithelium, space general. The high sensitivity our technique detection responses dim stimuli: down 0.01% bleach level, corresponding natural levels scotopic illumination. We also demonstrate that with single flash, optoretinogram map across 12° field view, potentially replacing multifocal electroretinography. This expands diagnostic capabilities practical applicability optoretinography, providing an alternative electroretinography, while combining structural functional same OCT machine.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(8), P. 40 - 40
Published: July 23, 2024
Purpose: In aging and early-intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD), rod-mediated dark adaptation (RMDA) slows more at 5° superior than 12°. Using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), we asked whether choriocapillaris flow deficits are related to distance from the fovea. Methods: Persons ≥60 years stratified for AMD via Age-Related Eye Disease Study's nine-step system underwent RMDA testing. Two adjacent 4.4° × OCTA slabs were centered on fovea 12° superior. Flow signal (FD%) in concentric arcs (outer radii mm, 0.5, 1.5, 2.2, 4.0, 5.0 superior) correlated with rod intercept time (RIT) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Results: 366 eyes (170 normal, 111 early AMD, 85 intermediate AMD), FD% was significantly worse greater severity all regions (overall P < 0.05) poorest under (P 0.0001). pairwise comparisons, worsened distances <2.2 mm. At distances, intermediate, but not differed normal eyes. Foveal strongly associated longer RIT (r = 0.52) 0.39) BCVA 0.21; Choroidal thickness weakly 0.10–0.20, severity. Conclusions: Reduced transport across choriocapillaris–Bruch's membrane–retinal pigment epithelium complex, which contributes drusen formation macula lutea (and fovea), may also reduce retinoid resupply rods encircling high-risk area. has potential as a functionally validated imaging biomarker emergence.
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Ophthalmologica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 247(3), P. 147 - 159
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
The aims of the study were to describe baseline quantitative (short-wavelength) autofluorescence (qAF) findings in a large pseudophakic cohort at age-related macular degeneration (AMD)'s beginnings and assess qAF8 as an outcome measure evaluate Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) Beckman grading systems.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Neurobiology of Aging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 140, P. 41 - 59
Published: May 3, 2024
Aging is the main risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a retinal neurodegenerative disease that leads to irreversible blindness, particularly in people over 60 years old. Retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) atrophy an AMD hallmark. Genome-wide chromatin accessibility, DNA methylation, and gene expression studies of control RPE demonstrate epigenomic/transcriptomic changes occur during onset progression. However, mechanisms by which molecular alterations normal aging impair function contribute pathogenesis are unclear. Here, we specifically interrogate translatome with advanced age across sexes novel reporter mouse model. We find differential age- sex- associated transcript overrepresentation pathways related inflammation RPE. Concordant impaired function, phenotypic aged suggest becomes immunologically active, both males females, some sex-specific signatures, supports need sex representation vivo studies.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Annual Review of Vision Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 263 - 291
Published: Sept. 15, 2024
The retina is an ideal model for understanding the fundamental rules how neural networks are constructed. compact of perform all initial processing visual information before transmission to higher centers in brain. field retinal connectomics uses high-resolution electron microscopy datasets map intricate organization these and further our computations performed by revealing topologies allowable behind computations. In this article, we review some notable advances that has provided specific cells their connectivities within retina, as well shaped development break down disease. Using anatomical maps inform modeling been, will continue be, instrumental processes signals.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Rod and cone photoreceptor cells are specialized neurons responsible for transforming the information reaching eyes in form of photons into language neuronal activity. Rods most prevalent type, primarily light detection under conditions limited illumination. Here we demonstrate that human rods have a morphological organization unique among all described species, whereby cell soma extends alongside light-sensitive outer segment compartment to structure termed "accessory inner segment." These structures two striking features: they reinforced by massive microtubular cytoskeleton contain electron-dense adhesions mediate their attachment segments. Given spacing rod photoreceptors is sparser than other accessory likely provides mechanical support closely apposed segment. This discovery expands our understanding retina directs future studies function health disease.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 66(4), P. 56 - 56
Published: April 21, 2025
Eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and some healthy aged eyes exhibit risk-indicating delays in rod-mediated dark adaptation (RMDA) prolonged long spectral channel (LSC) lifetimes by fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) outer ring, especially nasally. To learn FLIO's potential for AMD detection, we correlate FLIO to RMDA. The ALSTAR2 follow-up cohort underwent FLIO, color fundus photography, two-wavelength autofluorescence (for pigment optical density [MPOD]), visual function testing, including RMDA (rod intercept time [RIT]). was staged Age-Related Eye Disease (AREDS) 9-step at baseline follow-up. In pseudophakic high-quality mean intensity maps meridian plots were created. Vision data analyzed using linear regression Spearman's r. Of 155 (155 participants [75 ± 5.0 years; 60.7% female participants]), 67 healthy, 38 had early (e)AMD, 50 intermediate (i)AMD (P = 0.02). LSC longest iAMD all ETDRS regions < 0.01) short (SSC) inner rings 0.01). pattern manifested 65 of 88 30 eyes. Lifetimes on nasal shortest temporal. correlated strongly RIT (r 0.68). A stable subgroup RIT. SSC weakly MPOD. Prolonged spatial asymmetry, suggesting mechanisms beyond retinal cells choroid. delayed RMDA, potentially indicating risk onset progression. Further research into signal sources is warranted.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13
Published: May 29, 2025
The retina is the light-sensitive inner layer of eye, consisting multiple cell types organized into ten distinct layers neurons interconnected by synapses that play a crucial role in visual function. Any pathological alterations this intricate structure can lead to vision impairment. Conventional electron microscopy techniques, including scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM), provide our current understanding ultrastructural defects retina. However, they are limited their inability image complex three-dimensional (3D) layer-by-layer at nanoscale resolution. Advanced serial block face (SBF), have emerged as superior alternative traditional imaging methods for enhancing 3D segmentation revealing architecture under both physiological conditions. This article provides comprehensive overview advancements SBF microscopy, emphasizing focused ion beam (FIB)-SEM studying interdigitation zone (IZ), which connects cone outer segments retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) enhance degenerative diseases such inherited disorders (IRDs), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR). We collated discussed literature alongside recent work on FIB-SEM applications, particularly examining structural integrity bridge knowledge gap between insights functional impairments through its state-of-the-art capabilities. Additionally, it offers various applications evaluation diseases.
Language: Английский
Citations
0