Perceptual reorganisation from prior knowledge emerges late in childhood DOI Creative Commons
Georgia Milne, Matteo Lisi, Alistair McLean

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Abstract Perception in the mature human visual system relies heavily on prior knowledge. Here we show for first time that prior-knowledge-induced reshaping of perception emerges gradually, and late childhood. To isolate effects knowledge vision, presented 4-to-12-year-olds adults with two-tone images, which are degraded photos hard to recognise viewing. In adults, seeing original photo causes a perceptual reorganisation leading sudden, mandatory recognition version - well-documented process relying top-down signalling from higher-order brain areas early cortex. We find children younger than 7 9 years, however, do not experience this knowledge-guided shift, despite viewing immediately before each two-tone. assess potential computations underlying development compared performance three state-of-the-art neural networks varying architectures. found best-performing architecture behaved much like 4- 5-year-old humans, who display feature-based rather holistic processing strategy akin networks. Our results reveal striking age-related shift reconciliation sensory input, may underpin many abilities.

Language: Английский

Perceptual reorganization from prior knowledge emerges late in childhood DOI Creative Commons
Georgia Milne, Matteo Lisi,

Aisha McLean

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 108787 - 108787

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Trade-off between search costs and accuracy in oculomotor and manual search tasks DOI Creative Commons
Ilja Wagner, Jan Tünnermann,

Anna Schubö

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

Abstract Humans must weigh various factors when choosing between competing courses of action. In case eye movements, for example, a recent study demonstrated that the human oculomotor system trades off temporal costs movements against their perceptual benefits, visual search targets. Here, we compared such trade-offs different effectors. Participants were shown displays with targets and distractors from two stimulus sets. each trial, they chose which target to for, and, after finding it, discriminated feature. Targets differed in (how many target-similar shown) discrimination difficulty. rewarded or penalized based on whether target’s feature was correctly. Additionally, participants given limited time complete trials. Critically, inspected items either by only manual actions (tapping stylus tablet). Results show traded difficulty both effectors, allowing them perform close predictions an ideal observer model. However, behavioral analysis computational modelling revealed performance more strongly constrained decision-noise (what choose) sampling-noise information sample during search) than search. We conclude trade-off accuracy constitutes general mechanism optimize decision-making, regardless effector used. slow-paced are robust detrimental influence noise, fast-paced movements. New & Noteworthy trade benefits decision-making. Is this effector-specific does it constitute decision-making principle? investigated question contrasting tablet) task. found evidence costs-benefits however, compromised noise at levels

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Oculomotor contributions to foveal crowding DOI
Ashley Clark,

Aaron Huynh,

Martina Poletti

et al.

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(48), P. e0594242024 - e0594242024

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Crowding, the phenomenon of impaired visual discrimination due to nearby objects, has been extensively studied and linked cortical mechanisms. Traditionally, crowding extrafoveally; its underlying mechanisms in central fovea, where acuity is highest, remain debated. While low-level oculomotor factors are not thought play a role crowding, this study shows that they key defining foveal crowding. Here, we investigate influence fixational behavior on provide comprehensive assessment magnitude extent ( N = 13 human participants, four males). Leveraging unique blend tools for high-precision eyetracking retinal stabilization, show removing motion introduced by with diminishes negative effects Ultimately, these results indicate ocular drift contributes resulting same pooling region being stimulated both target objects over course time, just space. The temporal aspect peculiar at scale indicates contributing extrafoveal differ.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Perceptual reorganisation from prior knowledge emerges late in childhood DOI Creative Commons
Georgia Milne, Matteo Lisi, Alistair McLean

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Abstract Perception in the mature human visual system relies heavily on prior knowledge. Here we show for first time that prior-knowledge-induced reshaping of perception emerges gradually, and late childhood. To isolate effects knowledge vision, presented 4-to-12-year-olds adults with two-tone images, which are degraded photos hard to recognise viewing. In adults, seeing original photo causes a perceptual reorganisation leading sudden, mandatory recognition version - well-documented process relying top-down signalling from higher-order brain areas early cortex. We find children younger than 7 9 years, however, do not experience this knowledge-guided shift, despite viewing immediately before each two-tone. assess potential computations underlying development compared performance three state-of-the-art neural networks varying architectures. found best-performing architecture behaved much like 4- 5-year-old humans, who display feature-based rather holistic processing strategy akin networks. Our results reveal striking age-related shift reconciliation sensory input, may underpin many abilities.

Language: Английский

Citations

2