Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: April 3, 2024
Abstract
Ductal
carcinoma
in
situ
(DCIS)
represents
pre-invasive
breast
carcinoma.
In
untreated
cases,
25–60%
DCIS
progress
to
invasive
ductal
(IDC).
The
challenge
lies
distinguishing
between
non-progressive
and
progressive
DCIS,
often
resulting
over-
or
under-treatment
many
cases.
With
increasing
screen-detected
these
years,
the
nature
of
has
aroused
worldwide
attention.
A
deeper
understanding
biological
molecular
journey
DCIS-IDC
transition
is
crucial
for
more
effective
clinical
management.
Here,
we
reviewed
key
signaling
pathways
cancer
that
may
contribute
initiation
progression.
We
also
explored
features
IDC,
shedding
light
on
progression
through
both
inherent
changes
within
tumor
cells
alterations
microenvironment.
addition,
valuable
research
tools
utilized
studying
including
preclinical
models
newer
advanced
technologies
such
as
single-cell
sequencing,
spatial
transcriptomics
artificial
intelligence,
have
been
systematically
summarized.
Further,
thoroughly
discussed
advancements
prognostic
biomarkers
managements,
with
aim
facilitating
personalized
treatment
strategies
future.
Research
already
yielded
significant
insights
into
carcinogenesis
will
continue
pave
way
practical
applications.
International Journal of Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
13(11), P. 1387 - 1397
Published: Jan. 1, 2017
Breast
cancer
is
the
second
leading
cause
of
deaths
among
women.The
development
breast
a
multi-step
process
involving
multiple
cell
types,
and
its
prevention
remains
challenging
in
world.Early
diagnosis
one
best
approaches
to
prevent
this
disease.In
some
developed
countries,
5-year
relative
survival
rate
patients
above
80%
due
early
prevention.In
recent
decade,
great
progress
has
been
made
understanding
as
well
preventative
methods.The
pathogenesis
tumor
drug-resistant
mechanisms
are
revealed
by
discovering
stem
cells,
many
genes
found
related
cancer.Currently,
people
have
more
drug
options
for
chemoprevention
cancer,
while
biological
recently
improve
patients'
quality
life.In
review,
we
will
summarize
key
studies
pathogenesis,
genes,
risk
factors
methods
on
over
past
years.These
findings
represent
small
step
long
fight
against
cancer.
Genes & Diseases,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
5(2), P. 77 - 106
Published: May 12, 2018
As
the
most
commonly
occurring
cancer
in
women
worldwide,
breast
poses
a
formidable
public
health
challenge
on
global
scale.
Breast
consists
of
group
biologically
and
molecularly
heterogeneous
diseases
originated
from
breast.
While
risk
factors
associated
with
this
varies
respect
to
other
cancers,
genetic
predisposition,
notably
mutations
Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
367(6476), P. 405 - 411
Published: Jan. 24, 2020
More
diversity
at
the
top
A
detailed
knowledge
of
cell
differentiation
hierarchies
is
important
for
understanding
diverse
biological
processes
such
as
organ
development,
tissue
regeneration,
and
cancer.
Single-cell
RNA
sequencing
can
help
elucidate
these
hierarchies,
but
it
requires
reliable
computational
methods
predicting
lineage
trajectories.
Gulati
et
al.
developed
CytoTRACE,
a
framework
based
on
simple
observation
that
transcriptional
diversity—the
number
genes
expressed
in
cell—decreases
during
differentiation.
CytoTRACE
outperformed
other
several
test
cases
was
successfully
applied
to
study
cellular
healthy
tumor
tissue.
Science
,
this
issue
p.
405
Journal of Clinical Investigation,
Journal Year:
2011,
Volume and Issue:
121(10), P. 3786 - 3788
Published: Oct. 3, 2011
Breast
cancer
is
a
heterogeneous
disease.
There
high
degree
of
diversity
between
and
within
tumors
as
well
among
cancer-bearing
individuals,
all
these
factors
together
determine
the
risk
disease
progression
therapeutic
resistance.
Advances
in
technologies
such
whole-genome
sequencing
functional
viability
screens
now
allow
us
to
analyze
at
unprecedented
depths.
However,
translating
this
increasing
knowledge
into
clinical
practice
remains
challenge
part
due
tumor
evolution
driven
by
cell
populations
their
microenvironment.
The
articles
Review
series
discuss
recent
advances
our
understanding
breast
heterogeneity,
therapies
tailored
based
on
knowledge,
future
ways
assessing
treating
tumors.
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2009,
Volume and Issue:
4(7), P. e6146 - e6146
Published: July 2, 2009
Background
Breast
cancer
cell
lines
have
been
used
widely
to
investigate
breast
pathobiology
and
new
therapies.
is
a
molecularly
heterogeneous
disease,
it
important
understand
how
well
which
best
model
that
diversity.
In
particular,
microarray
studies
identified
molecular
subtypes–luminal
A,
luminal
B,
ERBB2-associated,
basal-like
normal-like–with
characteristic
gene-expression
patterns
underlying
DNA
copy
number
alterations
(CNAs).
Here,
we
studied
collection
of
catalog
profiles
assess
their
relation
subtypes.
Methods
Whole-genome
microarrays
were
profile
gene
expression
CNAs
in
52
widely-used
lines,
comparisons
made
existing
primary
tumors.
Hierarchical
clustering
was
identify
subtypes,
Gene
Set
Enrichment
Analysis
(GSEA)
discover
biological
features
those
Genomic
transcriptional
integrated
within
high-amplitude
candidate
genes
with
coordinately
altered
expression.
Findings
Transcriptional
profiling
one
two
(A
B)
Luminal
displayed
an
estrogen
receptor
(ER)
signature
resembled
luminal-A/B
tumors,
basal-A
associated
ETS-pathway
BRCA1
signatures
basal-B
mesenchymal
stem/progenitor-cell
characteristics.
Compared
exhibited
similar
CNA,
but
overall
higher
complexity
CNA
(genetically
simple
luminal-A
tumors
not
represented),
only
partial
conservation
subtype-specific
CNAs.
We
80
high-level
amplifications
13
multi-copy
deletions,
the
resident
concomitantly
gene-expression,
highlighting
known
novel
genes.
Conclusions
Overall,
genetically
more
complex
than
retained
relevance
luminal-basal
subtype
distinction.
The
compendium
defines
suitable
for
investigations
pathobiology,
stem
biology,
biomarkers
therapies,
provides
resource
discovery
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Aug. 7, 2020
The
use
of
biomarkers
in
diagnosis,
therapy
and
prognosis
has
gained
increasing
interest
over
the
last
decades.
In
particular,
analysis
cancer
patients
within
pre-
post-therapeutic
period
is
required
to
identify
several
types
cells,
which
carry
a
risk
for
disease
progression
subsequent
relapse.
Cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs)
are
subpopulation
tumor
that
can
drive
initiation
cause
relapses.
At
time
point
initiation,
CSCs
originate
from
either
differentiated
or
adult
tissue
resident
cells.
Due
their
importance,
characterize
have
been
identified
correlated
prognosis.
However,
shown
display
high
plasticity,
changes
phenotypic
functional
appearance.
Such
induced
by
chemo-
radiotherapeutics
as
well
senescent
alterations
microenvironment.
Induction
senescence
causes
shrinkage
modulating
an
anti-tumorigenic
environment
undergo
growth
arrest
immune
attracted.
Besides
these
positive
effects
after
therapy,
also
negative
displayed
post-therapeutically.
These
unfavorable
directly
promote
stemness
CSC
plasticity
phenotypes,
activating
pathways
non-CSCs,
promoting
escape
activation
pathways.
end,
all
lead
relapse
metastasis.
This
review
provides
overview
most
frequently
used
markers
implementation
focussing
on
deadliest
solid
(lung,
stomach,
liver,
breast
colorectal
cancers)
hematological
(acute
myeloid
leukemia,
chronic
leukemia)
cancers.
Furthermore,
it
gives
examples
how
might
be
influenced
therapeutics,
such
radiotherapy,
It
points
out,
crucial
monitor
residual
CSCs,
pro-tumorigenic
senescence-associated
secretory
phenotype
follow-up
using
specific
biomarkers.
As
future
perspective,
targeted
immune-mediated
strategy
chimeric
antigen
receptor
based
approaches
removal
remaining
chemotherapy-resistant
personalized
therapeutic
approach
discussed.
