Spatial and spatio-temporal statistical implications for measuring structural racism: A review of three widely used residential segregation measures

Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50, P. 100678 - 100678

Published: July 20, 2024

Social determinants of health are the conditions in environments where people born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range health, functioning quality life outcomes risks - these social often aid explaining racial ethnic inequities present United States (US). The root cause has been tied to structural racism, residential segregation is one such domain racism allows for operationalization geography racism. This review focuses on three measures utilized capture as function race/ethnicity, income, simultaneously race/ethnicity income. Empirical findings related spatial spatio-temporal heterogeneity presented. We also discuss some implications utilizing measures.

Language: Английский

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Racial Capitalism and Black–White Health Inequities in the United States: The Case of the 2008 Financial Crisis

Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 30, 2024

Scholars cite racist political-economic systems as drivers of health inequities in the United States (i.e., racial capitalism). But how does capitalism generate inequities? I address this open question within historical context predatory lending during 2008 financial crisis. Relevant hypotheses are tested with multiple waves data from Black and White participants National Longitudinal Study Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 8,877). Across socioeconomic strata, find that report higher rates foreclosure, eviction, repossession, delinquent bills, lost income, new debts wake Using structural equation quasi-experimental models, then show also self-report rapid declines increases prescription drug abuse throughout period, much which is explained by chronic stress. conclude can ensnaring Americans a toxic web exploitation stress proliferation.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the Influence of Food Insecurity and Retail Environments as a Proxy for Structural Racism on the COVID-19 Pandemic in an Urban Setting

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 2130 - 2130

Published: May 20, 2022

A collaborative partnership launched the Great Grocer Project (GGP) in March 2021 Detroit, Michigan where health inequities, including deaths due to COVID-19, have historically been politically determined and informed by socially entrenched norms. Institutional structural racism has contributed a lack of diversity store ownership among Detroit grocers limited access high-quality, affordable healthy foods as well disparate food insecurity residents. The GGP seeks promote Detroit's improve community economic vitality through research, programs, policies that potential advance equity. cross-sectional design was used explore relationships between scores from Nutrition Environment Measures Surveys-Stores (NEMS-S) 62 stores city-level data COVID-19 cases calls 211 for assistance. Regression predictive analyses were conducted at ZIP code level throughout city determine relationship environment on deaths. greater insecurity. use small sample size limitations within this study. Causation could not be study; therefore, further should effects individual grocery COVID-related outcomes since cluster high-scoring NEMS-S security resources inferred protective factor. Poor nutrition shown associated with increased hospitalizations COVID-19. It is important understand if can also negative effect rates Lessons learned implications other communities using improvements prevent an uptick coronaviruses.

Language: Английский

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What is QuantCrit doing in a nice field like family science?

Journal of Marriage and Family, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 86(5), P. 1305 - 1322

Published: June 27, 2024

Abstract Family science is grappling with the legacy of White supremacy embedded in its theories and methodologies. This presents an opportunity to move beyond traditional theoretical perspectives statistical approaches that have perpetuated racist assumptions about inferiority people color compared Americans. We build on Curtis et al.'s (2022) introduction Quantitative Criticalism by presenting quantitative critical race theory (QuantCrit) as a framework combines methods (CRT) examine issues racism social research. Specifically, we (1) make argument for why QuantCrit needed family science, (2) review critique conventional scientists used analyze racial inequality within sciences, (3) offer alternative strategy study research, (4) provide examples how can leverage subvert underlying practices perpetuate continued marginalization. discuss recent research exhibits elements showcase value emerging subfield. provides studying promote theories, methodological strategies, policies rooted justice.

Language: Английский

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Structural racism in school contexts and adolescent depression: Development of new indices for the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and beyond

SSM - Population Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 101237 - 101237

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Racial discrimination is an important predictor of racial inequities in mental and physical health. Scholars have made progress conceptualizing measuring structural forms racism, yet, little work has focused on racism social contexts, which are especially relevant for studying the life course consequences Using National Longitudinal Study Adolescent to Adult Health, we take a biosocial, approach develop two stage-specific indices manifestations school contexts adolescence, sensitive period development. The first contextual disadvantage index (CDI), captures differences resources opportunities across schools that been partly determined by socio-historic sorted Black students into more disadvantaged schools. second (SRI), measures between white within Then, relate these adolescent depressive symptoms. We find among both genders, higher CDI levels associated with However, twice as likely be above median compared students. also that, controlling CDI, SRI positively symptoms boys girls only. Finally, interact produce pattern where likelihood increases increases, but only low-disadvantage These findings underscore importance multifaceted ways study health inequities.

Language: Английский

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