Microbiome-Driven Therapeutics: From Gut Health to Precision Medicine

Gastrointestinal Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 7 - 7

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

The human microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms residing in and on the body, plays pivotal role regulation wide range physiological processes, including digestion, immune responses, metabolic functions. In recent years, rapidly growing field microbiome-driven therapeutics has garnered significant attention owing to its potential revolutionize healthcare. This review explores evolving landscape microbiome-based therapies, with particular focus gut microbiome implications for both health precision medicine. We highlight advances understanding how microbial communities influence disease pathogenesis treatment outcomes, spanning conditions such as inflammatory bowel (IBD), disorders, neurological diseases, even cancer. article also discusses emerging therapeutic strategies, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), microbial-based drugs, well challenges associated their clinical implementation. Additionally, we examined integration profiling metagenomic data is advancing medicine, paving way personalized effective treatments. serves comprehensive resource that synthesizes current knowledge, identifies key gaps research, offers insights into future direction therapeutics, thus providing valuable framework clinicians, researchers, policymakers seeking harness microbiomes advance healthcare solutions.

Language: Английский

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The dynamic oral–gastric microbial axis connects oral and gastric health: current evidence and disputes

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Emerging evidence indicates that oral microbes are closely related to gastric and lesions, including atrophy, intestinal metaplasia cancer (GC). Helicobacter pylori is a key pathogen involved in GC. However, the increasing prevalence of H. pylori-negative GC dysbiosis patients emphasize potential role other microbial factors. In this review, we discussed current about relationship between oral–gastric axis health. Epidemiologic poor hygiene greater risk. Multiple oral-associated enriched stomach patients. Once colonizing stomach, Streptococcus anginosus Prevotella melaninogenica, inflammation or carcinogenesis. Microbial metabolites such as lactate, nitrite, acetaldehyde promote malignant transformation. The checkpoint transmission digestive tract, great importance since link diseases has been emphasized. Still, new technologies standardized metrics necessary identify pathogenetic for core microbiota, interactions, richness, colonization, location effect (CIRCLE). future, could be candidates noninvasive indicators predict diseases.

Language: Английский

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Digestive health: functional foods for a happy gut

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 41 - 72

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The role of salivary metabolomics in chronic periodontitis: bridging oral and systemic diseases

Metabolomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Abstract Background Chronic periodontitis is a condition impacting approximately 50% of the world’s population. As chronic progresses, bacteria in oral cavity change resulting new microbial interactions which turn influence metabolite production. manifests with inflammation periodontal tissues, progressively developed due to bacterial infection and prolonged interaction host immune response. The bi-directional relationship between systemic diseases has been reported many previous studies. Traditional diagnostic methods for such as kidney (CKD) have limitations their invasiveness, requiring practised individuals sample collection, frequent blood long waiting times results. More rapid are required detect diseases, however, metabolic profiles first need be determined. Aim review In this review, we explored metabolomics studies that investigated salivary associated illnesses including CKD, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinsons’s diabetes highlight most recent methodologies applied field. Key scientific concepts Of rapid, high throughput techniques profiling, Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was technique, followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) gas (GC-MS). Furthermore, Raman used vibrational spectroscopic technique comparison saliva from patients healthy individuals, whilst Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) not utilised much A recommendation cultivating synthetic medium designed replicate conditions composition environment suggested facilitate identification metabolites. This approach instrumental assessing potential these metabolites biomarkers illnesses.

Language: Английский

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Periodontal pathogens and obesity in the context of cardiovascular risks across age groups

Frontiers in Oral Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity among noncommunicable diseases. Over past decade, there has been a notable increase in prevalence CVDs young individuals. Obesity, well-known risk factor for CVDs, is also associated with various comorbidities that may contribute to cardiovascular risk. The relationship between periodontal pathogens CVD factors, including obesity, smoking, lipid metabolism disorders, inflammatory markers, remains underexplored. This study examined six (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum) factors 189 subjects stratified by age body mass index (BMI). Body composition was assessed via bioimpedance analysis, blood samples were analyzed profiles, glucose, proinflammatory cytokines. Oral collected polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis identify pathogens. diabetes scores calculated using SCORE FINDRISC scales. population 33.0% P. 47.8% 63.4% A. 46.6% T. 89.2% F. nucleatum. Significant age- BMI-related differences observed pathogen prevalence, particularly denticola. Young obese individuals exhibited higher intermedia forsythia. gingivalis found be hypertension dyslipidemia, while linked obesity. denticola dyslipidemia whereas forsythia alone. highlights potential connection disease, elevated BMI, increased adipose tissue, hypertension, dyslipidemia. Further research required determine causal relationships oral microbiome dysbiosis, obesity and, systemic develop an effective strategy preventing health-related adults.

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Oral Microbiota on the Severity and Prognosis of Stroke

Bulletin of Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 124 - 145

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

The microbiome of the oral cavity plays an important role in development and progression various somatic diseases, including stroke. Studies show that bacteria living can enter bloodstream contribute to inflammatory processes, which increases risk cardiovascular disease It was found 79% studied stroke-related blood clots, DNA commonly cavity, such as streptococci Viridans species, found. Periodontal pathogenic microorganisms cause chronic inflammation atherosclerosis, is one main factors for Dysbiosis also associated with increase level proinflammatory cytokines, worsen condition vessels likelihood thrombosis. Thus, maintaining health timely treatment dental diseases have a significant impact on reducing Understanding relationship between state system opens up new horizons preventive measures therapeutic approaches patients at high

Language: Английский

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Levilactobacillus brevis CD2 as a multifaceted probiotic to preserve oral health: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in healthy adults

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

A growing number of in vitro and vivo studies suggest the application probiotics as a natural approach to maintaining oral health. This double-blind, randomized controlled trial aimed evaluate efficacy Levilactobacillus brevis CD2 (CNCM I-5566), multifunctional probiotic frequently used medicine, preserving or improving several recognized health indicators. Thirty consenting healthy adults were receive four lozenges per day L. (n = 15) placebo over weeks. Clinical parameters (full-mouth bleeding on probing (BoP) plaque index (PI) scores) recorded. Unstimulated saliva was collected measure salivation rate, pH, buffer capacity. Salivary biomarkers analyzed, including glucose, D-lactate, secretory immunoglobulins (sIgA). salivary assessed at baseline, after weeks intervention, two post-intervention. Wilcoxon rank-sum test robust regression analysis for statistical comparisons. The possible mediating effect PI BoP changes assessed. After weeks, group showed significant improvements compared baseline placebo. had higher rate than treatment washout. While pH not significant, buffering capacity increased glucose D-lactate levels lower post-treatment sIgA values remained stable washout group. No adverse effects reported. with significantly improved clinical parameters, supporting its ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT06457724; Registered 7 June 2024 - Retrospectively registered; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06457724?viewType=Table&page=452&rank=4512#study-overview .

Language: Английский

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Effect of the Darolac® (Oralis SB®) Probiotic Formulation on Oral Health: A Narrative Review

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 408 - 408

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Gingivitis and periodontitis are prevalent periodontal conditions associated with dysbiosis of the oral cavity, which leads to inflammation bleeding gums, loss tooth attachment, degradation underlying bone structure. The standard adjunctive treatment for conditions, chlorhexidine mouthwash, is effective but several side effects. Probiotics have been explored as an alternative solution that promotes health by restoring homeostasis in cavity. This review presents a summary clinical trials using Darolac® (Oralis SB®) probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus acidophilus Rosell®-52, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Rosell®-11, Bifidobacterium longum Rosell®-175 Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-1079) mouthwash support maintenance or restoration its balance. In reviewed studies, compared placebo other common solutions including mouthwash. Studies show even superior available solutions, supports use adjuvant health. effects on reduction pathogens markers reviewed, association between periodontitis, inflammation, systemic diseases, well their implications probiotics field, discussed.

Language: Английский

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Current Knowledge about Gastric Microbiota with Special Emphasis on Helicobacter pylori-Related Gastric Conditions

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(5), P. 4991 - 5009

Published: May 20, 2024

The gastric milieu, because of its very low acidic pH, is harsh for bacterial growth. discovery Helicobacter pylori (H.p.) has opened a new avenue studies on the microbiota, thus indicating that stomach not sterile environment. Nowadays, technologies identification have demonstrated existence other microorganisms in habitat, which play an important role health and disease. This bacterium possesses arsenal compounds enable survival but, at same time, damage mucosa. Toxins, such as cytotoxin-associated gene A, vacuolar cytotoxin lipopolysaccharides, adhesins, determine inflammatory status mucosa may become chronic, ultimately leading to carcinoma. In initial stage, H.p. persistence alters microbiota with condition dysbiosis, predisposing inflammation. Probiotics prebiotics exhibit beneficial effects infection, and, among them, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial activities are major ones. Moreover, association probiotics (synbiotics) conventional anti-H.p. therapy contributes more efficacious eradication bacterium. Also, polyphenols, largely present vegetal kingdom, been alleviate H.p.-dependent pathologies, even including inhibition tumorigenesis. composition disease described. Then, cellular molecular mechanisms H.p.-mediated clarified. Finally, use probiotics, prebiotics, polyphenols experimental models patients infected discussed.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis on the Aetiology, Pathogenesis, and Development of Oral Cancer

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 2997 - 2997

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common head and neck cancer. Although oral cavity an easily accessible area for visual examination, OSCC more often detected at advanced stage. The global prevalence of around 6%, with increasing trends posing a significant health problem due to increase in morbidity mortality. microbiome has been target numerous studies, findings highlighting role dysbiosis developing OSCC. Dysbiosis can significantly pathobionts (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites) that trigger inflammation through their virulence pathogenicity factors. In contrast, chronic bacterial contributes development Pathobionts also have other effects, such as impact on immune system, which alter responses contribute pro-inflammatory environment. Poor hygiene carbohydrate-rich foods risk factors mechanisms are not yet fully understood remain frequent research topic. For this reason, narrative review concentrates issue potential cause OSCC, well underlying involved.

Language: Английский

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