Association Between Cannabis Use and Opioid Consumption, Pain, and Respiratory Complications After Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis

Anesthesia & Analgesia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 139(4), P. 724 - 733

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

BACKGROUND: Cannabis is a widely used illicit drug with effects on different pain pathways. However, interactions between cannabis and postoperative are unclear. smoking also affects the lungs, but impact of use pulmonary complications unknown. We hypothesized that preoperative in adults having elective surgery associated higher opioid consumption. Secondarily, we tested hypothesis scores, hypoxemia (oxygen saturation [Sp o 2 ]/fraction inspired oxygen [F io ] ratio), compared to nonuse cannabis. METHODS: In this retrospective study, included adult patients who had surgeries at Cleveland Clinic Main Campus January 2010 December 2020. The exposure was within 30 days before surgery, control group never Patients regional anesthesia or chronic diagnosis were excluded. primary outcome consumption; 3 secondary outcomes time-weighted average (TWA) score, TWA Sp /F ratio, composite after surgery. assessed association consumption during first 24 hours using linear regression log-transformed propensity score–based method (inverse probability treatment weighting [IPTW]) adjusting for confounders. further adjusted imbalanced confounding variables IPTW applied. RESULTS: total, 1683 34,521 identified as users. increased consumption, an ratio geometric means (95% confidence interval [CI]) 1.30 (1.22–1.38; P < .0001) users versus nonusers. (1) difference 0.57 CI, 0.46–0.67; .0001); (2) not , 0.5 −3.1 4.2; = .76); (3) collapsed complications, estimated odds 0.90 0.71–1.13; .34). CONCLUSIONS: Adult undergoing found have significantly scores than did clinically meaningful hypoxia complications.

Language: Английский

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The Pharmacology of Cannabinoids in Chronic Pain

Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Our objective was to provide an overview of the currently available scientific and clinical data supporting use Cannabis Cannabis-derived products for treatment chronic pain disorders. We also information researchers, clinicians, patients be better informed understand approach behind recommendation as a potential adjuvant in treatment/control pain. its bioactive compounds have sparked interest field spite controversial history status controlled substance many countries. With increase pain, physicians started look at alternative ways treat aside from traditional treatments. One is cannabis reduce/treat disorders based on anecdotal accounts function phytocannabinoids. The two main cannabinoids cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cannabidiol, act CB1 CB2 receptors (in addition several additional receptors). It through these pleiotropic receptor interactions that elicit their biological including reduction In this narrative review, we included most recent evidence neuropathic cancer-induced musculoskeletal headaches migraines. Evidence suggests analgesic effect arises combination various systems. These effects may maximized with cannabinoids. At same time, helps minimize undesirable side some such psychoactivity THC. findings, further research necessary assess properties other like cannabichromene cannabigerol contributions show

Language: Английский

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Evidence synthesis of medical cannabis research: current challenges and opportunities

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 9, 2024

Abstract As a wide group of medicines, the effectiveness and safety ‘medical cannabis’ products is likely to vary in relation product-specific dimensions such as potency, dosage, route administration, cannabinoid composition. Systematic reviews can perform crucial role analysing synthesising outcomes medical cannabis interventions found empirical research. We analysed 23 contemporary systematic on discern extent which this body work aimed capture, ultimately captured, differing by treatment. further highlighted methodological reasons given authors for an inability describe granular level information. that minority explicitly subgroup analysis determine differences treatment cannabis, with even fewer subsequently doing so. Authors’ stated concerned either overly large or small levels variation characteristics, compositions, administrations used, rendering analyses methodologically inappropriate inapplicable. Furthering reviews’ abilities capture information treatments will require standardisation studies.

Language: Английский

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What is the hype on #MedicinalCannabis in the United States? A content analysis of medicinal cannabis tweets

Drug and Alcohol Review, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 28 - 35

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

Abstract Introduction Medicinal cannabis is now legal in 44 US jurisdictions. Between 2020 and 2021 alone, four jurisdictions legalised medicinal cannabis. The aim of this study to identify themes tweets from with different statuses January June 2021. Methods A total 25,099 historical 51 were collected using Python. Content analysis was performed on a random sample accounting for the population size each ( n = 750). Results presented separately by posted where all use (non‐medicinal medicinal) ‘fully legalised’, ‘illegal’ ‘medical‐only’ use. Four identified: ‘Policy’, ‘Therapeutic value’, ‘Sales industry opportunities’ ‘Adverse effects’. Most public. most common theme related ‘Policy’ (32.5%–61.5% tweets). Tweets value’ prevalent accounted 23.8%–32.1% tweets. Sales promotional activities prominent even illegal (12.1%–26.5% Fewer than 10% about intoxication withdrawal symptoms. Discussion Conclusion This has explored if content differed status. pro‐cannabis they policy, therapeutic value, sales opportunities. unsubstantiated health claims, adverse effects crime warrants continued surveillance as these conversations could allow us estimate cannabis‐related harms inform surveillance.

Language: Английский

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Risks associated with chronic cannabis use on opioid use, length of stay, and revision rate for patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion

The Spine Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 851 - 857

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Veterans and Medical Cannabis: A Perfect Federalism Storm

Public Administration Quarterly, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47(3), P. 347 - 373

Published: June 9, 2023

Lingering federal prohibition of cannabis sales and possession creates myriad problems for state-legal users. This is particularly the case military veterans. The Department Veterans Affairs (VA) has issued confusing guidance at times regarding ability veterans to access medical how VA doctors can advise their patients. paper will examine ways that fall through cracks in accessing treatment service-related chronic illnesses like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), pain, traumatic brain injury (TBI). It begins with a review research specific as PTSD, TBI. then reviews history present scope states include these approved conditions under programs. article turns discussing evolving provided by patients restrictions on efficacy research. concludes administrative burdens face they be compounded begin legalizing uses other controlled substances psylocibin mushrooms MDMA (ecstasy).

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Marijuana on Postoperative Spine Patients' Emergency Department Visits, Readmission Rates, and Opioid Consumption

JAAOS Global Research and Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Objective: To compare postoperative opioid consumption with patients who tested negative for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) preoperatively those were THC-positive and positive THC any other drug to 90-day rates of emergency department (ED) visits readmission rates, using morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs), three patient populations. Methods: Three groups confirmed preoperative urine screens. Chart reviews conducted determine whether there was an ED visit or hospital 90 days from the index procedure. MMEs calculated all patients. Results: There a total 252 in THC-negative control group, 54 47 THC-and-opioid–positive group. The not statistically significant among groups. Both multidrug THC-only–positive showed higher MME compared Discussion: Our study demonstrates that used may increase consumption. be cautious toward are user. Although significant, noted trend increased readmissions.

Language: Английский

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Targeting the endocannabinoid system for the management of low back pain

Current Opinion in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 102438 - 102438

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Low back pain (LBP) is a major unmet clinical need. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has emerged as promising therapeutic target for pain, including LBP. This review examines the evidence ECS While preclinical studies demonstrate potential of viable target, trials have presented conflicting findings. underscores need innovative LBP treatments and biomarkers proposes avenue their exploration. A deeper mechanistic understanding in could inform development new management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Association Between Preoperative Cannabis Use and Increased Rate of Revision Surgery Following Spinal Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 6, 2024

The use of cannabis as a method chronic pain relief has skyrocketed since its legalization in states across the United States. Clinicians currently have limited scope regarding effectiveness marijuana on surgical procedures. This systematic review aims to determine effect current rate failure spinal fusions and overall outcomes. A was performed accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. PubMed, Embase, Scopus were searched, identifying studies assessing fusion reported preoperative use. Outcomes interest included reoperation due or pseudoarthrosis follow-up time at least six months. Subgroups cervical alone lumbar also analyzed. Certainty evidence bias assessed using GRADE criteria ROBINS-I tool (PROSPERO #CRD42023463548). Four met inclusion criteria, total 788 patients (188 user group 600 non-user group). revision surgery among users higher than that non-users all (RR: 3.58, 95% CI: 1.67 7.66, p = 0.001). For alone, there remained compared 4.47, 1.93 10.36, 0.0005). no difference rates between 1.21, 0.28 7.73, 0.79). Cannabis shown be associated revisions meta-analysis. On subgroup stratification by spine region, but not alone. Further research larger, randomized is required fully elucidate relationship fusion, both general region.

Language: Английский

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When cannabis is used for medicinal purposes: A focus on back pain

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 193 - 206

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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