Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of cell origin and change functions phenotypes other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker therapeutic potential have generated broad interest, as evidenced by steady year-on-year increase in numbers scientific publications about EVs. Important advances been made EV metrology understanding applying biology. However, hurdles remain to realising EVs domains ranging from basic biology clinical applications due challenges nomenclature, separation non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation functional studies. To address opportunities this rapidly evolving field, International Society for Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information Studies Vesicles', which was first published 2014 then 2018 MISEV2014 MISEV2018, respectively. The goal current document, MISEV2023, is provide researchers with an updated snapshot available approaches advantages limitations production, multiple sources, including culture, body fluids solid tissues. In addition presenting latest art principles research, document also covers advanced techniques that are currently expanding boundaries field. MISEV2023 includes new sections on release uptake a brief discussion vivo study Compiling feedback ISEV expert task forces more than 1000 researchers, conveys research facilitate robust discoveries move field forward even rapidly.

Language: Английский

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Electroactive Biomaterials for Facilitating Bone Defect Repair under Pathological Conditions

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(2)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Bone degeneration associated with various diseases is increasing due to rapid aging, sedentary lifestyles, and unhealthy diets. Living bone tissue has bioelectric properties critical remodeling, under pathological conditions results in significant changes these properties. There growing interest utilizing biomimetic electroactive biomaterials that recapitulate the natural electrophysiological microenvironment of healthy promote repair. This review first summarizes etiology degenerative such as type II diabetes, osteoporosis, periodontitis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteomyelitis, metastatic osteolysis. Next, diverse array synthetic therapeutic potential are discussed. Putative mechanistic pathways by which can mitigate critically examined, including enhancement osteogenesis angiogenesis, suppression inflammation osteoclastogenesis, well their anti-bacterial effects. Finally, limited research on utilization treatment aforementioned examined. Previous studies have mostly focused using treat traumatic injuries. It hoped this will encourage more efforts use for treating conditions.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota dysbiosis in polycystic ovary syndrome: Mechanisms of progression and clinical applications

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine diseases in women of childbearing age that leads to menstrual disorders and infertility. The pathogenesis PCOS complex has not yet been fully clarified. Gut microbiota associated with lipid, glucose, steroid hormone metabolish. A large body studies demonstrated gut could regulate synthesis secretion insulin, affect androgen metabolism follicle development, providing us a novel idea for unravelling PCOS. relationship between particularly important. This study reviewed recent research advances roles occurrence development It expected provide new direction treatment based on microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Intestinal barrier permeability: the influence of gut microbiota, nutrition, and exercise

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 8, 2024

The intestinal wall is a selectively permeable barrier between the content of lumen and internal environment body. Disturbances permeability can potentially lead to unwanted activation enteric immune system due excessive contact with gut microbiota its components, development endotoxemia, when level bacterial lipopolysaccharides increases in blood, causing chronic low-intensity inflammation. In this review, following aspects are covered: structure barrier; influence on via regulation functioning tight junction proteins, synthesis/degradation mucus antioxidant effects; molecular mechanisms pro-inflammatory response caused by invasion through TLR4-induced TIRAP/MyD88 TRAM/TRIF signaling cascades; nutrition permeability, exercise an emphasis exercise-induced heat stress hypoxia. Overall, review provides some insight into how prevent associated inflammatory processes involved many if not most pathologies. Some diets physical supposed be non-pharmacological approaches maintain integrity function provide efficient operation. However, at early age, increased has hormetic effect contributes system.

Language: Английский

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A systematic framework for understanding the microbiome in human health and disease: from basic principles to clinical translation

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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An overall view of the most common experimental models for multiple sclerosis

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 184, P. 106230 - 106230

Published: July 13, 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex chronic disease with an unknown etiology. It considered inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized, in most cases, by unpredictable onset relapse remission phases. The generally starts subjects under 40; it has higher incidence women described as multifactorial due to interaction between genetic environmental risk factors. Unfortunately, there currently no definitive cure for MS. Still, therapies can modify disease's natural history, reducing rate slowing progression or managing symptoms. limited access human CNS tissue slows down. limits research on This limit been partially overcome over years developing various experimental models study this disease. Animal autoimmune demyelination, such encephalomyelitis (EAE) viral toxin transgenic MS models, represent significant part approaches. These have now complemented ex vivo studies, using organotypic brain slice cultures vitro, through induced Pluripotent Stem cells (iPSCs). We will discuss which clinical features disorders might be reproduced investigated vivo, vitro commonly used understand processes behind neuropathological events occurring patients. primary purpose review give reader global view main paradigms research, spacing from classical animal mice 2D 3D cultures.

Language: Английский

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Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: the biology of a neglected disease

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 3, 2024

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic, debilitating disease characterised by wide range of symptoms that severely impact all aspects life. Despite its significant prevalence, ME/CFS remains one the most understudied and misunderstood conditions in modern medicine. lacks standardised diagnostic criteria owing to variations both inclusion exclusion across different guidelines, furthermore, there are currently no effective treatments available. Moving beyond traditional fragmented perspectives have limited our understanding management disease, analysis current information on represents paradigm shift synthesising disease’s multifactorial origins into cohesive model. We discuss how emerges from an intricate web genetic vulnerabilities environmental triggers, notably viral infections, leading complex series pathological responses including immune dysregulation, chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, metabolic disturbances. This comprehensive model not only advances ME/CFS’s pathophysiology but also opens new avenues for research potential therapeutic strategies. By integrating these disparate elements, work emphasises necessity holistic approach diagnosing, researching, treating ME/CFS, urging scientific community reconsider complexity multifaceted required study management.

Language: Английский

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The Kidney in Obesity: Current Evidence, Perspectives and Controversies

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 680 - 702

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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PKR Inhibition Prevents Neuroinflammation and Rescues Depressive-Like Behaviors via BDNF/TrkB Signaling

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of In Vitro Fermented Pleurotus eryngii on Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Immunomodulation in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Colonic Model

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 430 - 430

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Background: This study investigates the impact of fermentation supernatants (FSs) from Pleurotus eryngii whole mushrooms (PEWS), as well its subcomponents, digested (PEWSD) and extracted (PEWSE) forms, on intestinal barrier function immune modulation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -stimulated Caco-2 cells. Methods: Gene expression tight junction (TJs) genes, cytokines, key immune/metabolic receptors was assessed via qRT-PCR, while cytokine protein levels were measured using ELISA to explore post-transcriptional regulation. Results: LPS challenge significantly downregulated TJs zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1,) occludin, claudin-1, compromising epithelial integrity. Treatment with FS-PEWS notably restored ZO-1 occludin expression, outperforming FS-PEWSD FS-PEWSE, which only partially mitigated LPS-induced damage. further demonstrated potent immunomodulatory effects, upregulating anti-inflammatory IL-10 pro-inflammatory cytokines such IL-8 TNF-α. The activation like TLR-2 mTOR suggests that modulates critical metabolic pathways, NF-kB signaling, maintain homeostasis. Although mRNA altered, no corresponding release detected, suggesting potential Conclusions: preserves integrity responses, particularly low-grade inflammation, highlighting food matrix’s role enhancing bioactivity functional potential.

Language: Английский

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