The association between monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 28, 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic condition often associated with low-grade inflammation. Previous studies have indicated that the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) may serve as novel inflammatory biomarker potential predictive value for various metabolic diseases. This study aims to investigate association between MHR and prevalence of T2DM in general population, using data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We conducted cross-sectional analyzing five NHANES cycles spanning 2007-2016. excluded individuals aged under 20 years, those missing on monocytes, HDL-C, status, or other key covariates, extreme outliers. Statistical analyses were performed SPSS 26.0, EmpowerStats 4.1, Stata 16, DecisionLinnc1.0. employed weighted logistic regression models, subgroup analyses, restricted cubic splines (RCS), threshold used assess MHR-T2DM association. A total 10,066 participants met inclusion criteria, whom 1,792 diagnosed T2DM. The levels group significantly higher than non-T2DM group. After adjusting confounders, elevated an increased (p < 0.001, OR = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.823-4.287). Subgroup revealed significant interaction respect gender (P 0.05), stronger women. No interactions observed age, race, education level, poverty income (PIR), body mass index (BMI), smoking physical activity, alcohol consumption, hypertension > 0.05). RCS analysis nonlinear relationship T2DM, point identified at 0.51. Above this threshold, risk significantly. Our findings suggest levels, particularly above 0.51, are gender-specific further highlights women be more susceptible impact risk. These early screening highlight factors.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Protective Effects of Traditional Antidiabetic Medications and Novel Antihyperglycemic Agents in Diabetic Rodent Models

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(5), P. 670 - 670

Published: May 1, 2025

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disorder that affects multiple organs, leading to severe complications in the pancreas, kidneys, liver, and heart. Prolonged hyperglycemia, along with oxidative stress chronic inflammation, plays crucial role accelerating tissue damage, significantly increasing risk of diabetic such as nephropathy, hepatopathy, cardiovascular disease. This review evaluates protective effects various antidiabetic treatments on organ tissues affected by T2D, based findings from experimental animal models. Metformin, first-line agent, has been widely recognized for its ability reduce inflammation stress, thereby mitigating diabetes-induced damage. Its extends beyond glucose regulation, offering benefits improved mitochondrial function reduced fibrosis tissues. In addition traditional therapies, new classes drugs, including sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists not only improve glycemic control but also exhibit nephroprotective cardioprotective properties reducing glomerular hyperfiltration, inflammation. Similarly, GLP-1 have associated hepatic steatosis enhanced function. Preclinical studies suggest tirzepatide, dual GLP-1/gastric inhibitory polypeptide agonist may offer superior compared conventional improving β-cell function, enhancing insulin sensitivity, fatty liver progression. Despite promising preclinical results, differences between models human physiology pose challenge. Further clinical research needed confirm these refine treatment strategies. Future T2D management aims go control, emphasizing protection long-term disease prevention.

Language: Английский

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Association of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with diabetes risk: a retrospective study of Chinese individuals

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 9, 2025

A common complication of type 2 diabetes is hypercholesterolemia in many patients. It still unclear, nevertheless, how high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL-C), total cholesterol, and are related. The purpose this study to look at the prediction ability causal relationship between TC/HDL-C diabetes. This included 117,268 subjects who were undergoing physical examinations. grouped into four equal groups according quartiles; main outcome was occurrence events. calculated as divided by cholesterol. In 3.1 years (± 0.95) follow-up, 795 women (0.68%) 1,894 men (1.62%) received new diagnoses. an independent predictor new-onset diabetes, multivariable Cox regression analysis (HR 1.27 per SD increase, 95% CI: 1.09-1.48, P for trend < 0.001). turned out that a cutoff value 3.55 (area under curve 0.64, sensitivity 0.66, specificity 0.56), ideal predicting subgroup demonstrated younger population had significantly higher risk TC/HDL-C-related than middle-aged group (interaction 0.05). After controlling confounding variables, Chinese cohort reveals direct correlation with stronger association observed individuals.

Language: Английский

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Ginsenoside in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and its complications: a promising traditional chinese medicine

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 13, 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a chronic condition commonly observed in adults, particularly among the elderly, is characterized by dysfunctional insulin response that impairs blood glucose regulation, resulting persistent hyperglycemia. Ginseng, medicinal plant with significant economic value and longstanding history of therapeutic use Asia, has shown efficacy against various diseases. Extensive clinical experimental studies highlight ginsenosides, its primary bioactive compounds, for their multiple effects across range conditions, including endocrine, cardiovascular, central nervous system disorders. Various ginsenoside types have demonstrated potential lowering levels, reducing resistance, alleviating complications through modulation key protein targets signaling pathways. This review consolidates pharmacological actions mechanisms distinct ginsenosides managing complications, offering theoretical foundation further research novel drug development T2DM treatment, while also providing robust support future applications.

Language: Английский

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Podocyte Death in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Potential Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 9035 - 9035

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Cell deaths maintain the normal function of tissues and organs. In pathological conditions, abnormal activation or disruption cell death often leads to pathophysiological effects. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a significant microvascular complication diabetes, is linked high mortality morbidity rates, imposing substantial burden on global healthcare systems economies. Loss detachment podocytes are key changes in progression DKD. This review explores potential mechanisms apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, podoptosis podocytes, focusing how different modes contribute It recognizes limitations current research presents latest basic clinical studies targeting podocyte pathways Lastly, it focuses future treat DKD, with intention inspiring further development therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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ZIPK collaborates with STAT5A in p53-mediated ROS accumulation in hyperglycemia-induced vascular injury

Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 1, 2024

In this study we investigate the role of Zipper-interacting protein kinase (ZIPK) in high glucose-induced vascular injury, focusing on its interaction with STAT5A and effects p53 inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) expression. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are cultured under normal (5 mM) (25 glucose conditions. Protein gene expression levels assessed by western blot analysis qPCR respectively, while ROS measured via flow cytometry. ZIPK is manipulated using overexpression plasmids, siRNAs, shRNAs. The inhibitor TC-DAPK6 evaluated a diabetic rat model. Our results show that significantly upregulates ZIPK, STAT5A, p53, NOS2 expressions HUVECs, thus increasing oxidative stress. Silencing STAT5A reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. essential for accumulation, silencing ZIPK reverses these effects. Overexpression combined attenuates alterations expression, thereby preventing cell damage. Coimmunoprecipitation reveals direct between nucleus high-glucose condition. In rats, treatment decreases expressions. findings suggest plays critical injury STAT5A-mediated pathways, proposing potential therapeutic target complications.

Language: Английский

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Association between diabetes distress and sociodemographic factors among adults in Ukraine

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 394 - 399

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Background. Diabetes-related distress (DRD) is a psychological syndrome with worsened prognosis in uncontrolled diabetic patients. Risk of DRD progression increased diabetes, development complications, concomitant medical conditions, and complicated treatment regimens. In addition to the di­sease burden, there are other factors that increase risk such as lower level education, younger age, se­dentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, poor self-care behavior. The current study purposed assess contributing among Ukrainian population using Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17) score its sub-scores. Materials methods. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted between January June 2024 enrolling 125 patients from five regions. survey included two parts: first section gathe­red sociodemographic data second one focused on assessing DDS-17 score. Results. Participants aged 46 years old above had higher emotional compared Those primary educational showed significantly than those secondary education. who were treated both insulin non-insulin medications or diastolic blood pressure more 90 mm Hg significant moderate high distress. lived rural areas Obese overweight people association history total participants glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 8.0 followed by HbA1c 7.1 Conclusions. It concluded prevalence Ukraine, common residents, HbA1c, low complex Screening for providing better support can optimize clinical outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota modulating therapy for diabetes mellitus should be individualized

World Journal of Diabetes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 2152 - 2156

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

In this editorial, we commented on two articles published online in August and September 2024 the World Journal of Diabetes , which focused modifying gut microbiota (GM) to prevent or delay progression diabetes mellitus (DM) DM-related complications. Numerous studies, many are animal have indicated potential role GM pathogenesis DM. However, detailed causality mechanisms between DM not been fully clarified. Although there some reports a treating DM, most lack long-term observations mechanistic. Additionally, its might vary among individuals; therefore, GM-targeted interventions should be individualized realize their therapeutic potential.

Language: Английский

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"CD4+ T Cells drive Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via the TNF-a/STAT-3 Signaling Pathway"

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 21, 2024

1) Objectives To establish adaptive immune cells specifically T helpers as mediators of meta-inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, correlate biochemical and immunological parameters delineate the specific signaling proteins responsible for it. 2) Research Design Methods 100 T2DM patients with no other clinical disease, autoimmunity or infection were recruited analyzed their parameters. Bioplexing flow cytometry was employed to analyse total cell protein secretion respectively. Ex-vivo inhibition studies performed using targeted monoclonal antibodies small molecule STAT inhibitors. 3) Results CD4+ T-cells found be primary source multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines antibody isotypes. TNF-a acting through STAT-3 shown pathway implicating T-cells, wherein inhibitor revealed subtle pathways differences between inhibition. 4) Conclusions Our result suggests that chronic a dysregulated profile have severe implications on function. Additionally, are good therapeutic targets better T2MD treatment ameliorating meta-inflammation.

Language: Английский

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