Impact of polyploidy on plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 22, 2022

Polyploidy, defined as the coexistence of three or more complete sets chromosomes in an organism's cells, is considered a pivotal moving force evolutionary history vascular plants and has played major role domestication several crops. In last decades, improved cultivars economically important species have been developed artificially by inducing autopolyploidy with chemical agents. Studies on diverse shown that anatomical physiological changes generated either natural artificial polyploidization can increase tolerance to abiotic biotic stresses well disease resistance, which may positively impact plant growth net production. The aim this work review current literature regarding link between ploidy level stressors, emphasis molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects, their development both polyploids, during exposure adverse environmental conditions. We focused analysis those types stressors progress made knowledge putative morpho-physiological and/or involved, revealing factors common, need be addressed future research.

Language: Английский

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Allele‐specific expression and chromatin accessibility contribute to heterosis in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)

The Plant Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 112(5), P. 1194 - 1211

Published: Oct. 11, 2022

SUMMARY Heterosis is extensively used to improve crop productivity, yet its allelic and chromatin regulation remains unclear. Based on our resolved genomes of the maternal TGY paternal HD, we analyzed contribution allele‐specific expression (ASE) accessibility JGY HGY, artificial hybrids oolong tea with largest cultivated area in China. The ASE genes (ASEGs) maternal‐biased were mainly related energy terpenoid metabolism pathways, whereas ASEGs paternal‐biased tend be enriched glutathione metabolism, these parental bias may coordinate lead acquisition heterosis more biological pathways. ATAC‐seq results showed that have significantly higher accessible regions (ACRs) compared their parents, which confer broader stronger transcriptional activity hybrids. number ACRs increased was much greater than decreased, associated alleles also affected by differential across different suggesting enhanced positive potential genetic effects Core terpene purine alkaloid pathways significant hybrids, potentially regulated several members MYB, DOF TRB families. binding motif CsMYB85 promoter ACR rate‐limiting enzyme CsDXS verified DAP‐seq. These suggest numbers contribute ASEGs, thereby affecting formation heterotic metabolites.

Language: Английский

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Alkaline Stress Induces Different Physiological, Hormonal and Gene Expression Responses in Diploid and Autotetraploid Rice

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(10), P. 5561 - 5561

Published: May 16, 2022

Saline−alkaline stress is a critical abiotic that negatively affects plants’ growth and development. Considerably higher enhancements in plant tolerance to saline−alkaline have often been observed polyploid plants compared their diploid relatives, the underlying mechanism of which remains elusive. In this study, we explored variations morphological physiological characteristics, phytohormones, genome-wide gene expression between an autotetraploid rice its relative response alkaline stress. It was polyploidization imparted level than relative. An eclectic array parameters commonly used for stress, such as proline, soluble sugars, malondialdehyde, together with activities some selected antioxidant enzymes, analyzed at five time points first 24 h following treatment rice. Phytohormones, abscisic acid indole-3-acetic were also comparatively evaluated two types different ploidy levels under Transcriptomic analysis revealed patterns altered accordance cellular phytohormones upon particular, genes related peroxide transcription factors substantially upregulated treatment. essence, exhibited differential may shed more light on underpinning ameliorated genome duplication.

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide chromatin accessibility analysis unveils open chromatin convergent evolution during polyploidization in cotton

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(44)

Published: Oct. 24, 2022

Allopolyploidization, resulting in divergent genomes the same cell, is believed to trigger a “genome shock”, leading broad genetic and epigenetic changes. However, little understood about chromatin gene-expression dynamics as underlying driving forces during allopolyploidization. Here, we examined genome-wide DNase I-hypersensitive site (DHS) its variations domesticated allotetraploid cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum barbadense , AADD) extant AA arboreum ) DD raimondii progenitors. We observed distinct DHS distributions between G. . In contrast, DHSs of two subgenomes showed convergent distribution. This distribution was also present wild allotetraploids darwinii var. yucatanense but absent from resynthesized hybrid suggesting that it may be common feature polyploids, not consequence domestication after polyploidization. revealed putative cis -regulatory elements (CREs) derived polyploidization-related were dominated by several families, including Dof, ERF48, BPC1. Strikingly, 56.6% transposable (TEs). Moreover, positive correlations accessibility histone marks H3K4me3, H3K27me3, H3K36me3, H3K27ac, H3K9ac, indicating coordinated interplay among modifications, TEs, CREs drives landscape under Collectively, these findings advance our understanding regulatory architecture plants underscore complexity regulome evolution

Language: Английский

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A chromosome-scale genome assembly and Epigenomic profiling reveal temperature-dependent histone methylation in iridoid biosynthesis regulation in Scrophularia ningpoensis

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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miRNA regulation contributes to increased photosynthetic capacity in auto tetraploids pak choi

Plant Growth Regulation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Comparative DNA-methylome and transcriptome analysis reveals heterosis- and polyploidy-associated epigenetic changes in rice

The Crop Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 427 - 437

Published: July 25, 2022

Heterosis and polyploidy have an overwhelming influence on plant evolution. Recently, polyploid rice hybrids been used to breed new varieties because they combine the advantages of both heterosis polyploidy. In this study, we generated six lines: autotetraploid their parents, diploid donors, donors. To investigate molecular mechanism controlling effects hybridization polyploidization, performed bisulfite RNA sequencing young panicles at pollen meiosis stage compare DNA metabolomes transcriptomes among lines. The lines were hypermethylated compared corresponding parents showed globally increased methylation transposable elements alteration in level corresponded differential gene expressions genotypes, suggesting that changes induced by polyploidization may affect expression. Groups candidates identified be associated with Our results provide information can epigenetic modification during rice.

Language: Английский

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Chromatin accessibility and gene expression vary between a new and evolved autopolyploid Arabidopsis arenosa

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Abstract Polyploids arise from whole-genome duplication (WGD) events, which have played important roles in genome evolution across eukaryotes. WGD can increase complexity, yield phenotypic novelty, and influence adaptation. Neo-polyploids been reported to often show seemingly stochastic epigenetic transcriptional changes, but this leaves open the question whether these changes persist evolved polyploids. A powerful approach address is compare diploids, neo-polyploids, polyploids of same species. Arabidopsis arenosa a species that allows us do this—natural diploid autotetraploid populations exist, while neo-tetraploids be artificially generated. Here, we use ATAC-seq assay local chromatin accessibility, RNA-seq study gene expression on matched leaf petal samples diploid, neo-tetraploid tetraploid A. arenosa. We found over 8,000 differentially accessible regions all samples. These are largely tissue specific distinct trends cytotypes, with roughly 70% arising upon WGD. Interestingly, only small proportion associated nearby genes. However, accessibility variation cytotypes associates strongly number transposable elements. Relatively few genes were expressed duplication, ∼60% reverted near-diploid levels tetraploid, suggesting most initial perturbations not last. Our results provide new insights into how epigenomic mechanisms jointly respond subsequent autopolyploids, importantly, one cannot directly predicted other.

Language: Английский

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Autotetraploidy of rice does not potentiate the tolerance to drought stress in the seedling stage

Rice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: June 18, 2024

Abstract Polyploid is considered an advantage that has evolved to be more environmentally adaptable than its diploid. To understand if doubled chromosome of diploid rice can improve drought tolerance, we evaluated the (2X) and autotetraploid (4X) plants three indica japonica varieties. Drought stress in plastic bucket four-leaf stage revealed tolerance 4X was lower donor plants. The assay photosynthetic rate all varieties showed had rates their donors. capacity for reactive oxygen species production scavenging varied among different 2X Further, transcriptomic analysis four under normal condition wide variation gene expression caused by difference varieties, not ploidy. However, weighted co-expression network (WGCNA) severe interference photosynthesis-related genes tetraploid primary reason decrease lines. Consistently, new transcripts transcription related with mitochondrion plastid cell component influenced most significantly. results indicated doubling weakened primarily due disorder stress. Maintain through breeding needs start selection parental efforts.

Language: Английский

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Identification and characterization of abiotic stress-tolerant genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.): a computational approach

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131(3), P. 1021 - 1042

Published: March 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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