Revealing the cascade of pesticide effects from gene to community

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 917, P. 170472 - 170472

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Global pesticide exposure in agriculture leads to biodiversity loss, even at ultra-low concentrations below the legal limits. The mechanisms by which effects of toxicants act such low are still unclear, particularly relation their propagation across different biological levels. In this study, we demonstrate, for first time, a cascade from gene community level. At level, agricultural resulted reduced genetic diversity field-collected Gammarus pulex, dominant freshwater crustacean Europe. Additionally, identified alleles associated with adaptations contamination. individual adaptation pesticides was linked lower fecundity, indicating related fitness costs. combined effect and competitors caused decline overall number abundance susceptible macroinvertebrate competing gammarids. resulting reduction interspecific competition provided an advantage pesticide-adapted G. pulex dominate communities contaminated areas, despite due adaptation. These processes demonstrate complex effects, also illustrate resilience adaptability systems organisational levels meet challenges changing environment.

Language: Английский

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Land use alters cross-ecosystem transfer of high value fatty acids by aquatic insects

Environmental Sciences Europe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Abstract Background Many aquatic insects emerge as adults from water bodies to complete parts of their life cycle in terrestrial ecosystems and are potential prey for riparian predators. The benefits predators include higher contents long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) compared insects. Aquatic therefore considered a high-quality food. Food containing high levels PUFA can enhance growth immune response spiders. However, agricultural stressors like nutrient increase, pesticides habitat degradation affect the biomass turn diet Studies quantifying influence land use on acid (FA) profiles emergent lacking. We quantified differences exports FA, saturated monounsaturated PUFA, FA spiders between forested sites over primary emergence period within one year. export food web is crucial understand energy fluxes ecosystems. Furthermore, we monitored environmental variables identify associations Results found land-use types. quantity total via was lower (95% CI 1147–1313 µg m −2 ) comparison 1555–1845 ), while sites. Additionally, spring significantly (up 0.06 d −1 than Agricultural explained only little variation insects, e.g., 4% caddisflies 12% non-biting midges. Percentage shading pool habitats were identified most important explaining profiles. Conclusion quality source smaller sites, which decrease fitness To improve our capacity predict adverse effects web, future studies should mechanisms underlying content.

Language: Английский

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Population Genomics Reveals Small‐Scale Metapopulation Structure of Two Strictly Aquatic Keystone Species in a Recently Restored Urban River System (Emscher, Germany)

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Urbanization and the resulting modifications of freshwater ecosystems can play an important role in shaping metapopulation structure dynamics aquatic organisms. Ecological restoration aims at improving river by reducing or removing anthropogenic stressors habitat fragmentation, facilitating natural dispersal among population patches. However, success such ecological measures is not guaranteed, for many functionally but smaller organisms, improved connectivity difficult to assess. Here, genetic markers help assessing small‐scale identifying persisting gene flow barriers. In this study used high‐resolution two ecologically amphipod species, Gammarus pulex fossarum , heavily urbanized Emscher catchment Germany. This was strongly degraded polluted over a century has been restored past decades. For both strictly we analyzed mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences as well nuclear genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. We detected strong within which mainly driven affiliation, wastewater, large in‐stream barriers, recent recolonization stream sections. fully explained these factors, indicating that eco‐evolutionary factors priority effects, adaptation, biotic interactions structure. Furthermore, our data show mito‐nuclear discordance species with regard detailed also presence possible cryptic G. . indicate diverging lineages (Gp‐C Gp‐E) represent only one region. Our shows how support assessment thus evaluate restoration.

Language: Английский

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Acclimation and transgenerational plasticity support increased cadmium tolerance in Gammarus populations exposed to natural metal contamination in headwater streams

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 903, P. 166216 - 166216

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Considering long-term population effects of chronic exposure to contaminants remains limited in ecological risk assessment. Field evidence that multigenerational influences organisms' sensitivity is still scarce, and mechanisms have yet be elucidated the environmental context. This study focuses on crustacean Gammarus fossarum, for which an increased tolerance cadmium (Cd) has previously been reported a naturally low-contaminated headwater stream. Our objectives were investigate whether Cd common phenomenon populations, elucidate nature its intergenerational transmission. For this, we carried out in-depth situ characterization (gammarids' caging) levels nine populations regional scale, as well laboratory maintenance cross-breeding contaminated uncontaminated populations. Acute correlate positively with bioavailable contamination among streams. The non-contaminated differ about two-fold Cd. Tolerance was found all age classes it can transiently lost during year, transmissible offspring. In addition, dropped significantly when organisms transferred Cd-free environment two months. These also ceased producing tolerant offspring, confirming non-genetic transmission between generations. findings support corresponds acclimation combined transgenerational plasticity. Moreover, revealed offspring not maternal effect. We suggest epigenetics plausible mechanism plasticity observed field. results therefore highlight neglected role modified sensitivities natural contamination.

Language: Английский

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Neglected impacts of plant protection products on invertebrate aquatic biodiversity: a focus on eco-evolutionary processes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Rapid development of increased neonicotinoid tolerance in non-target freshwater amphipods

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 183, P. 108368 - 108368

Published: Dec. 3, 2023

The comprehensive assessment of the long-term impacts constant exposure to pollutants on wildlife populations remains a relatively unexplored area ecological risk assessment. Empirical evidence suggest that multigenerational affects susceptibility organisms is scarce, and underlying mechanisms in natural environment have yet be fully understood. In this study, we first examined arthropod candidate species, Gammarus roeselii – unlike closely related species commonly occurs many contaminated river systems Central Europe. This makes it suitable study organism investigate development tolerances phenotypic adaptations along pollution gradients. 96-h acute toxicity assay with neonicotinoid thiacloprid, indeed observed successive increase tolerance coming from regions. was accompanied by certain change, increased investment into reproduction. To address question whether these changes are plastic or emerged longer lasting evolutionary processes, conducted multigeneration experiment second part our study. Here, used closely-related Hyalella azteca pre-exposed them for multiple generations sublethal concentrations thiacloprid semi-static design (one week renewal media containing 0.1 1.0 µg L-1 thiacloprid). individuals were then assays see how quickly such adaptive responses can develop. Over only two generations, almost doubled, suggesting developmental plasticity as plausible mechanism rapid adaptation strong selection factors insecticides. It discovered rapidly developed species-specific explains why which may not comparable response capabilities disappear polluted habitats. Overall, findings highlight neglected role during short- pollution. Moreover, results show even pollutant levels seven times lower than found region clear impact trajectories non-target species.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater and warming effects on aquatic invertebrates: experimental insights into multi-level biodiversity consequences

Water Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 267, P. 122496 - 122496

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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