Microbial contributions to maize crop production: a comprehensive review of challenges and future perspectives

Discover Agriculture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

Ensuring a stable supply of nutritious food for the growing global population is major challenge, especially through sustainable system. Maize host to vast microbial community in its root zone. Microorganisms associated with maize play an essential role enhancing plant growth and productivity. The purpose this review explore interactions within rhizosphere maize, focusing on growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), contribute improved phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, overall health. Through synthesis 200 papers, elucidated rhizosphere, highlighting activity assembly mechanisms soil microorganisms crucial crop production that have been widely analyzed. Incorporating benefits into agricultural practices presents several challenges, including environmental variability (temperate vs tropical), unpredictable field performance, influence advanced management techniques communities. To address these future research should prioritize microbiome engineering, precision agriculture, development climate-resilient strains. A deeper understanding holds significant potential advancing biofertilizer farming by overcoming technological, large-scale implementation.

Language: Английский

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Plant effects on microbiome composition are constrained by environmental conditions in a successional grassland

Environmental Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Abstract Background Below-ground microbes mediate key ecosystem processes and play a vital role in plant nutrition health. Understanding the composition of belowground microbiome is therefore important for maintaining stability. The structure largely determined by individual plants, but it not clear how far their influence extends and, conversely, what other plants growing nearby is. Results To determine extent to which focal host influences its soil root when diverse community, we sampled bacterial fungal communities three species across primary successional grassland sequence. magnitude effect on varied among microbial groups, habitats, stages characterized different levels diversity neighbours. Soil were most strongly structured sampling site showed significant spatial patterns that partially driven chemistry. was low tended increase with succession increasing diversity. In contrast, communities, particularly bacterial, species. Importantly, also detected neighbouring community bacteria fungi associating roots plants. sequence highest site. Conclusions Our results show rich natural grassland, depends environmental context modulated surrounding community. neighbours pronounced may have multiple consequences productivity stability, stressing importance functioning.

Language: Английский

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Early-life factors shaping the gut microbiota of Common buzzard nestlings

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Background Exploring the dynamics of gut microbiome colonisation during early-life stages is important for understanding potential impact microbes on host development and fitness. Evidence from model organisms suggests a crucial phase when shifts in microbiota can lead to immune dysregulation reduced condition. However, our long-lived vertebrates, especially early development, remains limited. We therefore used wild population common buzzard nestlings ( Buteo buteo ) investigate connections between colonisation, environmental factors. Results targeted both bacterial eukaryotic using 16S 28S rRNA genes. sampled individuals developmental longitudinal design. Our data revealed that age significantly affected microbial diversity composition. Nest environment was notable predictor composition, with particularly communities differing habitats occupied by hosts. Nestling condition infection blood parasite Leucocytozoon predicted community Conclusion findings emphasise importance studying capture changes occurring ontogeny. They highlight role reflecting health nest developing nestling microbiome. Overall, this study contributes complex interplay communities, factors, variables, sheds light ecological processes governing stages.

Language: Английский

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Canopy nitrogen addition and understory removal destabilize the microbial community in a subtropical Chinese fir plantation

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 354, P. 120407 - 120407

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Climate Change Drives Changes in the Size and Composition of Fungal Communities Along the Soil–Seedling Continuum of Schima superba

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Plant microbiomes have a major influence on forest structure and functions, as well tree fitness evolution. However, comprehensive understanding of variations in fungi along the soil-plant continuum, particularly within seedlings, under global warming is lacking. Here, we investigated dynamics fungal communities across different compartments (including bulk soil rhizosphere soil) plant organs endosphere roots, stems leaves) Schima superba seedlings exposed to experimental drought using AccuITS absolute quantitative sequencing. Our results revealed that significantly reduced number specific amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) soil, respectively. Variations were mainly explained by organs, with composition endophytic leaves (primarily attributed species gain or loss) being most influenced climate change. Moreover, migration Ascomycota, saprotrophs, wood saprotrophs yeasts from but increased pathogens roots stems. Drought decreased abundances Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota Rozellomycota, ectomycorrhizal pathogens. Warming could indirectly reduce leaf area increasing diversity These findings potential implications for enhancing resilience functioning natural ecosystems change through manipulation microbiomes, demonstrated agroecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Latitude variations of soil bacterial community diversity and composition in three typical forests of temperate, northeastern of China

Frontiers in Earth Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Soil bacteria are a crucial component of forest soil biodiversity and play important functions in numerous ecosystem processes. Hence, studying the variation diversity composition between latitude gradients driving factors responsible for these differences is understanding changes bacteria. We used Illumina MiSeq sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA to investigate distribution pattern temperate soils at three different latitudes northeast China, with samples taken low, middle high latitude. Each sample area was located distance 1,200 km. Our results indicate that decreased increasing Members phyla Acidobacteria Proteobacteria were dominant all investigated soils, highest relative abundances were: high-latitude forest, Rokubacteria Actinobacteria low-latitude forest. The genera forests Candidatus_Solibacter , Bryobacter Roseiarcus Granulicella. Mean average temperature, pH total nitrogen content key environmental shaping forests. this study contribute deeper better predictions latitudinal biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Rhizosphere Bacteria and Fungi are Differentially Structured by Host Plants, Soil Mineralogy and Ectomycorrhizal Communities in the Alaskan Tundra

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Abstract The rhizosphere contains a diverse group of bacteria and fungi living near plant roots whose composition function are key drivers ecosystem biogeochemical processes. Despite rich literature on communities, surprisingly few studies have examined the community structures in natural settings. We collected 513 root samples from 141 individual plants representing six species three mycorrhizal association types across four glacial drifts North Slope Alaska. Glacial ranged 11,000 to 4.5 million years since deglaciation gradient history mineralogical weathering. found that history, strong proxy for soil mineralogy, explained most captured variation bacterial communities (13.3%) ectomycorrhizal fungal (10.2%) while interactions between host (11.6%). analyzed shrub Betula nana spatial scales sites large correlation was similar among fragments belonging same plant, followed by at site, were dissimilar different sites.

Language: Английский

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Rare Taxa as Key Drivers of Soil Multi-Nutrient Cycling Under Different Crop Types

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 513 - 513

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Soil microorganisms are crucial for nutrient cycling, with abundant and rare taxa playing distinct roles. However, the mechanisms by which soil microbes influence cycling under different crop types remain unclear. In this study, we investigated network structure, diversity, microbial composition of croplands in Yellow River Delta, focusing on four primary crops: soybean, maize, cotton, sorghum. The findings revealed that co-occurring structure sorghum planting-soils exhibited greater complexity than other types. Bacterial alpha diversity cotton-planting is highest susceptible to environmental variations. both responds differently nutrients depending type. While play a role multi-nutrient key drivers variations expression. showed strong correlation critical nutrients. Structural equation modeling bacterial fungal significantly influenced index (MNC). Specifically, higher Shannon indices were associated lower MNC, while opposite was true fungi. organic carbon total nitrogen factors influencing taxa. Moreover, study provides new insights into agricultural ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Habitat specialization and edge effects of soil microbial communities in a fragmented landscape

Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 106(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Soil microorganisms play outsized roles in nutrient cycling, plant health, and climate regulation. Despite their importance, we have a limited understanding of how soil microbes are affected by habitat fragmentation, including responses to conditions at fragment edges, or "edge effects." To understand the communities edge effects, analyzed distributions bacteria, archaea, fungi an experimentally fragmented system open patches embedded within forest matrix. In addition, identified taxa that consistently differed among patch, edge, matrix habitats ("specialists") showed no preference ("nonspecialists"). We hypothesized microbial community turnover would be most pronounced between habitats. also specialist more likely mycorrhizal than nonspecialist because mycorrhizae should different hosts habitats, whereas prokaryotes smaller genomes (indicating reduced metabolic versatility) less able sporulate prokaryotes. Across all replicate sites, patch soils harbored distinct communities. However, sites where contrasts vegetation pH were exhibited larger differences tended from those forest. There similar numbers specialists, but very few taxa. Acidobacteria ectomycorrhizae while Chloroflexi, Ascomycota, Glomeromycota (i.e., arbuscular mycorrhizae) specialists. Contrary our hypotheses, bacteria not spore-formers. found partial support for hypothesis: mycorrhizae, ectomycorrhizae, Overall, results indicate sensitive equally affected, with particular showing strong response edges. context increasing fragmentation worldwide, can help inform efforts maintain structure functioning microbiome.

Language: Английский

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The role of fungal keystone taxa in soil multifunctionality across subtropical forests

Applied Soil Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 211, P. 106108 - 106108

Published: April 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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