Role of Genetics, Genomics, and Breeding Approaches to Combat Stripe Rust of Wheat

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Oct. 6, 2020

Puccinia striiformis (Pst) is a devastating biotrophic fungal pathogen that causes wheat stripe rust. It usually loves cool and moist places, can cause 100% crop yield losses in single field when triangle for disease establishment present. Billions of dollars are lost due to fungicide's application reduce rust damage worldwide. Pst macrocyclic, heteroecious fungus require primary (wheat or grasses) as well secondary host (Berberis Mahonia spp.) completion life cycle. In this review, we have summarized the knowledge about cycle, genes responsible resistance susceptibility wheat. At end discussed importance conventional modern breeding tools development varieties. According our genetic engineering genome editing less explored resistant varieties hence highlighted putative use advanced modifying i.e. base prime

Language: Английский

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Quick mapping and characterization of a co-located kernel length and thousand-kernel weight-related QTL in wheat

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 135(8), P. 2849 - 2860

Published: July 8, 2022

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide association mapping reveals potential novel loci controlling stripe rust resistance in a Chinese wheat landrace diversity panel from the southern autumn-sown spring wheat zone

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2021

Abstract Background Stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ( Pst ), is a serious foliar disease of wheat. Identification novel stripe rust resistance genes and cultivation resistant cultivars are considered to be most effective approaches control this disease. In study, we evaluated infection type (IT), severity (DS) area under progress curve (AUDPC) 143 Chinese wheat landrace accessions for resistance. Assessments were undertaken in five environments at adult-plant stage with mixture races field conditions. addition, IT was assessed seedling two prevalent (CYR32 CYR34) controlled greenhouse environment. Results Seventeen showed stable high-level across all tests. Four CYR32 CYR34 stage. Combining phenotypic data from trials 6404 markers that covered entire genome, detected 17 quantitative trait loci (QTL) on 11 chromosomes associated 15 QTL seven IT, final (FDS) or AUDPC four chromosomes, which explained 9.99–23.30% variation, simultaneously Integrating linkage map wheat, 27 overlapped previously reported QTL, whereas one conferring resistance, respectively, mapped distantly thus may loci. Conclusions Our results provided an integrated overview resources diversity panel southern autumn-sown spring zone China. The identified will useful ongoing effort develop new strong rust.

Language: Английский

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A large-scale multi-environment study dissecting adult-plant resistance haplotypes for stripe rust resistance in Australian wheat breeding populations

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 138(4)

Published: March 13, 2025

Abstract Key message Genetic variation in stripe rust resistance exists Australian wheat breeding populations and is environmentally influenced. Stacking multiple haplotypes or using whole-genome approaches will improve stability environmental specificity. Wheat ( Puccinia striiformis ) a fungal disease responsible for substantial yield losses globally. To maintain crop productivity future climates, the identification of genetics offering durable across diverse growing conditions crucial. stay one-step ahead pathogen, breeders are actively selecting adult-plant (APR), which considered more than seedling resistance. However, deploying that stable effective environments years challenging as expression underling APR loci often interacts with conditions. explore underlying interactions environment resistance, we employ haplotype-based mapping local GEBV approach elite populations. Our multi-environment trial analyses comprising 35,986 inbred lines evaluated 10 revealed significant genotype-by-environment rust. A total 32 haploblocks associated were identified, where 23 unique to specific nine environments. Population structure analysis commercial advanced carried desirable haplotypes, highlighting opportunity continue harness optimise already present within backgrounds. Further, demonstrate silico stacking through has potential substantially levels. This represents largest study date exploring highlights opportunities target

Language: Английский

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Analysis of genetic diversity of Zymoseptoria tritici populations in central and south-eastern Ethiopia

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 9, 2025

Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is a serious threat to global wheat production, and major bottleneck production in Ethiopia. Accurate identification analysis of pathogen's genetic structure helps develop robust STB management strategies. This study aimed at molecular 200 isolates Z. representing six populations central south-eastern regions A total 165 were confirmed Sanger sequencing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region nuclear DNA (rDNA) region. The was further examined using 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. microsatellite markers highly polymorphic informative, with mean number alleles (Na), effective (Ne), Nei's gene diversity 6.23, 2.90, 0.59, respectively. Analysis variance (AMOVA) presence low population differentiation (FST = 0.02), high flow (Nm 14.7), 95% variation residing within populations, leaving only 5% for among populations. highest (Number allele 9.33, Effective 3.4 0.68) observed Oromia special zone surrounding Finfinnee (OSZ) followed Arsi North Shewa indicating that these areas are ideal multi-location germplasm resistance screening, also pathogen genomic analyses. Cluster analyses did not clearly divide into genetically separate clusters according their geographic sampling, probably due flow. revealed existence admixture, all individuals shared backgrounds from two subgroups (K=2). Overall, SSR informative tools unlocking structure. southeast Ethiopia exhibit diversity, need deploy durable diverse disease Shewa, OSZ, West administrative zones represent hotspots excellent locations host-pathogen interaction studies, screening resistance.

Language: Английский

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Identification of Causal Agents of Rust of Saccharum spp. and Assessment of Resistance to Brown Rust in Erianthus arundinaceus Clones and Their Offspring

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1221 - 1221

Published: April 16, 2025

Sugarcane rust diseases are caused by Puccinia melanocephala (brown rust) and kuehnii (orange rust), significantly threaten the sustainable stable development of global sugarcane industry. Erianthus arundinaceus within Saccharum complex is a potential germplasm resource for breeding characterized its tolerance infertile land, drought, diseases. However, research on resistance to in E. clones their offspring (F1 backcross with modern varieties) limited. In this study, total 201 leaf samples from spp. hybrids symptoms were collected screened disease occurrence. PCR detection revealed that 17.9% 34.8% infected P. kuehnii, respectively. Additionally, 12.9% both pathogens. A 88 parents plus 3 additional selected identification brown an artificial inoculation method. Among them, 61 displayed high rust. Molecular showed 13 6 “ROC” series exhibited major gene (Bru1) Unexpectedly, Bru1 was absent 42 resistant rust, suggesting other genes likely exist offspring. Our results offer some significant genetic resources developing cultivars against

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide association analysis of stripe rust resistance in modern Chinese wheat

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Oct. 27, 2020

Abstract Background Stripe rust (yellow rust) is a significant disease for bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. A genome-wide association study was conducted on 240 Chinese cultivars and elite lines genotyped with the 90 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays to decipher genetic architecture of stripe resistance in germplasm. Results evaluated at adult plant stage Pixian Xindu Sichuan province 2015–2016 cropping season, Wuhan Hubei 2013–2014, 2016–2017 2018–2019 seasons. Twelve stable loci were identified by GWAS using TASSEL GAPIT software. These distributed chromosomes 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4B (3), 4D, 6D, 7B explained 3.6 10.3% phenotypic variation. Six corresponded previously reported genes/QTLs, including Sr2/Yr30/Lr27 , while other six QYr.hbaas-1BS QYr.hbaas-2BL QYr.hbaas-3AL QYr.hbaas-4BL.3 QYr.hbaas-4DL QYr.hbaas-6DS ) are probably novel. The results suggest high diversity this population. alleles QYr.hbaas-2AS QYr.hbaas-3BS QYr.hbaas-7BL rare present panel, indicating their potential use breeding China. Eleven penta-primer amplification refractory mutation system (PARMS) markers developed from SNPs significantly associated seven mapped QTLs. Twenty-seven genes predicted them considered as candidates relative expression levels post-inoculation. Conclusion resistant germplasm, QTLs, PARMS resources enhancing breeding.

Language: Английский

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A potential biocontrol agent Streptomyces tauricus XF for managing wheat stripe rust

Phytopathology Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: April 11, 2023

Abstract Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ( Pst ), is a devastating disease threatening global wheat production. Biocontrol beneficial microorganisms considered an alternative to synthetic fungicide applications. This study aimed investigate the mechanisms involved in biocontrol of rust streptomycetes. A streptomycete strain XF, isolated from rhizospheric soil peony, was identified as Streptomyces tauricus based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. We determined inhibitory effect XF using fermentation filtrate (FL) actinomycete cell suspension (AC). Results revealed that FL inhibited urediniospore germination up 99% rendered lethality rate 61.47% against urediniospores. Additionally, crude extract ethyl acetate phase cytoplasm releases urediniospores deformation germ tubes. Furthermore, histochemical analyses treatments plants with AC increased reactive oxygen species, haustorium formation, reduced biomass leaves. Electron microscopy showed mycelium able colonize leaf surface. Moreover, gene expression assays induced number pathogenesis-related genes Besides, greenhouse experiments, control effects reached 65.48% 68.25%, respectively. In field, application broth significantly indices 53.83%. These findings suggest potential agent for managing disease.

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide association analysis reveals the function of DgSAUR71 in plant height improvement

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Abstract Background Orchardgrass ( Dactylis glomerata L.) is one of the four most economically important forage grasses cultivated globally and serves as an excellent perennial with high ecological value. Plant height a key determinant both biomass grain yield. While numerous genes regulating plant have been identified in annual crops, no such reported for orchardgrass. Results In this study, we analyzed relationship between yield natural population 264 orchardgrass genotypes found that 90–110 cm contributed to maximum Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) 23 candidate loci associated height, corresponding 62 genes. Among these, DgSAUR71 , member small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) gene family, emerged novel height. Functional revealed slightly reduced rice Oryza sativa was involved Conclusions This study demonstrates contributor optimizing orchardgrass, optimal range identified. through GWAS shown negatively regulate These findings provide new insights into regulation contribute advancing crop diversification research.

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide association study reveals new loci for yield-related traits in Sichuan wheat germplasm under stripe rust stress

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Aug. 8, 2019

As one of the most important food crops in world, increasing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield is an urgent task for global security under continuous threat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) many regions world. Molecular marker-assisted breeding efficient ways to increase yield. Here, we identified loci associated multi-environmental yield-related traits stress 244 accessions from Sichuan Province through genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 44,059 polymorphic markers 55 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. A total 13 stable quantitative trait (QTLs) were found be highly associating traits, including 6 spike length (SL), 3 thousand-kernel weight (TKW), 2 kernel per (KWPS), and both TKW KWPS, at least two test environments conditions. Of them, ten QTLs overlapped or very close reported QTLs, three QSL.sicau-1AL, QTKW.sicau-4AL, QKWPS.sicau-4AL.1, potentially novel physical location comparison with previous QTLs. Further, 21 candidate genes within identified, they mainly involved regulation phytohormone, cell division proliferation, meristem development, plant organ carbohydrate transport. detected our will facilitate elucidating genetic basis could used selection breeding.

Language: Английский

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