Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 25, 2025
Maize
ranks
among
the
most
essential
crops
globally,
yet
its
growth
and
yield
are
significantly
hindered
by
salt
stress,
posing
challenges
to
agricultural
productivity.
To
utilize
saline-alkali
soils
more
effectively
enrich
maize
germplasm
resources,
identifying
salt-tolerant
genes
in
is
essential.
In
this
study,
we
used
a
inbred
line,
SPL02,
salt-sensitive
Mo17.
We
treated
both
lines
with
180
mmol/L
sodium
chloride
(NaCl)
for
0
days,
3
6
9
days
at
three-leaf
stage
(V3).
Through
comprehensive
morphological,
physiological,
transcriptomic
analyses,
assessed
stress
effects
identified
hub
pathways
associated
tolerance.
Our
analysis
25,383
expressed
genes,
substantial
differences
gene
expression
patterns
across
treatment
stages.
found
8,971
differentially
(DEGs)-7,111
unique
SPL02
4,791
Mo17-indicating
dynamic
changes
under
stress.
DEGs
primarily
MAPK
signaling
pathway,
phenylpropanoid
biosynthesis,
hormone
conditions.
Mo17,
responses
mediated
through
abscisic
acid-activated
pathway
response.
Additionally,
our
weighted
co-expression
network
(WGCNA)
pinpointed
five
that
likely
play
central
roles
mediating
These
functions
including
phosphate
import
ATP-binding
protein,
glycosyltransferase,
WRKY
transcription
factors.
This
study
offers
valuable
insights
into
complex
regulatory
networks
governing
response
identifies
further
investigation.
findings
contribute
knowledge
enhancing
resilience
sustainability
saline-affected
environments.
OBM Genetics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
08(02), P. 1 - 41
Published: April 29, 2024
Maize,
along
with
rice
and
wheat,
is
a
popular
staple
food
crop
worldwide,
the
most
widely
produced
cereal
crop.
It
versatile
that
may
be
utilized
as
source
of
raw
materials
for
human
animal
fodders.
Low
agricultural
yield
rapid
population
expansion
significantly
threaten
future
security.
Maize
production
hampered
by
biotic
abiotic
causes,
factors
being
critical
limitation
to
output
worldwide.
Soil
salinity
key
factor
reduces
imposing
negative
impacts
at
several
life
cycle
phases,
including
germination,
seedling,
vegetative,
reproductive
development.
plants
experience
many
physiological
changes
due
osmotic
stress,
toxicity
particular
ions,
nutritional
imbalance
induced
salt
stress.
The
degree
duration
growth
genetic
characteristics,
soil
conditions
influence
reduction.
can
tolerate
stress
involving
complex
mechanism
changing
their
physiological,
biochemical,
metabolic
activities
like
stomatal
functioning,
photosynthesis,
respiration,
transpiration,
hormone
regulation,
enzymes,
metabolite
generation,
etc.
After
studying
tolerance
mechanisms
maize
under
integrated
management
techniques
should
developed
agriculture
in
saline
settings.
Therefore,
study
plant
responses
mechanisms,
strategies
one
imperative
research
fields
biology,
will
focus
on
effects
different
stages,
agronomic
practices
successful
all
over
world.
Plant Stress,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11, P. 100378 - 100378
Published: Jan. 30, 2024
Moisture,
salinity,
heat,
and
drought
are
some
of
the
main
ecological
extremities
that
recruit
anomalous
metabolic
process
which
not
only
effect
plant
growth
development
but
also
lessen
crop
production.
Present
eco-friendly
approach
was
intended
to
explore
integrated
role
soil
bacteria
(Azotobacter
vinelandii)
on
aerenchyma
formation,
nitrogen
assimilation,
chlorophyll
biosynthesis
photosystem
II
functionality
in
low
moisture
stress
environment
were
studied.
Azotobacter
isolated
from
date
palm
around
harsh
environment,
later
it
purified
lab
used
plants
with
two
different
concentration
P1=
2.312
CFU
mL−1,
P2
=
2.316
mL−1.
Two-week
old
treated
(P1
P2)
untreated
(P0)
exposed
20
±
5%
45±5%
content
(SMC)
while
75
served
as
positive
control
using
water
holding
capacity
technique.
In
concentrations
(P1=
P2=
mL−1)
improved
length
biomass
production
demonstrates
lesser
declined
(2
3.9%)
seedling
(21.5
39.8%)
compared
31.5
49.8%
(P0).
Relative
(RWC)
greatly
sustained
due
bacterial
applications
showing
0.02
8.0%
34.9%
plants.
Likewise
decreased
(-16.5
-39.2%)
osmotic
potential
noted
(-37.1
-60.6%).
The
sub-
optimal
moderate
severe
instigated
significant
upsurge
energy
loss
indicators
like
non-photochemical
quenching
coefficient
(qN)
(NPQ)
relatively
high
(4.1
12.9%
33.26
47.64%)
Po
P1
(0.9
1.9%
1.3
14.2%)
Moreover,
application
azotobacter
upregulated
quantum
yield
electron
transport
(jEo,),
efficiencies
light
reaction
(φPo
/
(1-
φPo),
biochemical
(ψo
/(1-
ψo)
sub-optimal
environment.
upregulation
harvesting
efficiency
enhance
assimilation
nitrite
(21.1
9.3%)
nitrate
(50.0
24.0
%)
It
showed
protein
(22%)
corresponding
reductase
(NIR)
5.1%
(NR)
activities.
current
finding
suggested
improve
under
Further,
facilitates
formation
roots
condition
enabling
gaseous
exchange
roots.
Application
seems
be
a
promising
solution
for
sustainable
agriculture
provide
an
alternative
beside
chemical
fertilizers
protect
against
consequences.
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
210(6)
Published: Oct. 10, 2024
ABSTRACT
Cereal
crops
are
cultivated
across
diverse
regions
globally,
facing
numerous
environmental
challenges,
with
salinity
posing
a
significant
threat
to
their
growth
and
productivity.
Plants
respond
stress
(SS)
through
various
morphological
physiological
mechanisms.
Notably,
root
system
architecture
(RSA)
has
emerged
as
crucial
factor
in
aiding
nutrient
uptake
ensuring
efficient
water
supply,
reshaping
plant
responses,
particularly
under
SS.
However,
assessing
visualizing
RSA
patterns
different
is
more
challenging
than
aboveground
parts,
often
leading
neglect
research.
Roots
serve
dual
role
SS:
preventing
Na
+
(sodium)
from
soil
its
accumulation
into
shoots.
This
review
highlights
the
impact
of
SS
on
remodeling
RSA,
encompassing
phenology,
cytology,
genetic
regulation.
It
offers
comprehensive
insights
architecture,
functionalities,
hormonal
crosstalk,
agronomic
strategies
tailored
for
cereals
crops.
These
aim
optimize
resource
capture,
mitigate
uptake—known
reduce
yield
saline
conditions—and
explore
potential
avenues
engineering
roots
circumvent
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: May 10, 2024
Soil
salinization
poses
a
critical
problem,
adversely
affecting
plant
development
and
sustainable
agriculture.
Plants
can
produce
soil
legacy
effects
through
interactions
with
the
environments.
Salt
tolerance
of
plants
in
saline
soils
is
not
only
determined
by
their
own
stress
but
also
closely
related
to
effects.
Creating
positive
for
crops,
thereby
alleviating
crop
salt
stress,
presents
new
perspective
improving
conditions
increasing
productivity
farmlands.
Firstly,
formation
role
natural
ecosystems
are
summarized.
Then,
processes
which
microbial
assistance
respond
outlined,
as
well
potential
they
may
produce.
Using
this
foundation,
proposed
application
mechanisms
farmlands
production.
One
aspect
involves
leveraging
created
cope
including
direct
use
halophytes
salt-tolerant
crops
design
cropping
patterns
specific
functional
groups.
Another
focuses
on
utilization
synergistically
microorganisms.
This
includes
inoculation
strains,
microbiota,
entire
beneficial
microorganisms
tolerant
substances,
novel
technologies
such
rhizosphere
secretions
or
transmission
mechanisms.
These
approaches
capitalize
characteristics
help
against
salinity.
Consequently,
we
concluded
that
screening
suitable
rational
patterns,
safe
soils,
could
be
enhance
tolerance.
It
improve
practical
significance
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
196(1), P. 195 - 209
Published: June 12, 2024
Abstract
Salt
stress
presents
a
major
obstacle
to
maize
(Zea
mays
L.)
production
globally,
impeding
its
growth
and
development.
In
this
study,
we
aimed
identify
salt-tolerant
varieties
through
evaluation
using
multivariate
analysis
shed
light
on
the
role
of
ionome,
antioxidant
capacity,
autophagy
in
salt
tolerance.
We
investigated
multiple
indices,
including
shoot
fresh
weight,
dry
plant
height,
chlorophyll
content,
electrolyte
leakage,
potassium
sodium
contents,
potassium-to-sodium
ratio,
20
at
V3
stage
under
(200
mm
NaCl).
The
results
showed
significant
differences
accompanied
by
wide
range
their
coefficient
variation,
suggesting
suitability
for
screening
Based
D
values,
clustering
categorized
into
4
distinct
groups.
TG88,
KN20,
LR888
(group
I)
emerged
as
most
varieties,
while
YD9,
XD903,
LH151
IV)
were
identified
sensitive.
TG88
showcased
nutrient
preservation
redistribution
stress,
surpassing
YD9.
It
maintained
nitrogen
iron
levels
roots,
YD9
experienced
decreases.
redistributed
more
nitrogen,
zinc,
leaves,
outperforming
preserved
sulfur
both
roots
unlike
Additionally,
demonstrated
higher
enzymatic
capacity
(superoxide
dismutase,
peroxidase,
ascorbate
glutathione
reductase)
enzyme
gene
expression
levels,
upregulation
autophagy-related
(ATG)
genes
(ZmATG6,
ZmATG8a,
ZmATG10),
increased
autophagic
activity.
Overall,
study
offers
insights
accurate
methods
physiological
mechanisms
underlying
tolerance
identifies
promising
materials
further
research.
