Cotton under heat stress: a comprehensive review of molecular breeding, genomics, and multi-omics strategies

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 18, 2025

Cotton is a vital fiber crop for the global textile industry, but rising temperatures due to climate change threaten its growth, quality and yields. Heat stress disrupts key physiological biochemical processes, affecting carbohydrate metabolism, hormone signaling, calcium gene regulation expression. This review article explores cotton's defense mechanism against heat stress, including epigenetic regulations transgenic approaches, with focus on genome editing tools. Given limitations of traditional breeding, advanced omics technologies such as GWAS, transcriptomics, proteomics, ionomics, metabolomics, phenomics CRISPR-Cas9 offer promising solutions developing heat-resistant cotton varieties. highlights need innovative strategies ensure sustainable production under change.

Language: Английский

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Response of Watermelon to Drought Stress and Its Drought-Resistance Evaluation

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1289 - 1289

Published: April 24, 2025

This study investigated the response of watermelon seedlings to drought stress by assessing growth, physiological, and biochemical indices using a pot-based continuous method. Drought indices, phenotypic plasticity membership function values were calculated, followed correlation analysis, principal component cluster comprehensively evaluate resistance 13 genotypes. The results revealed that significantly reduced fresh dry weights, root length, area, volume, tips, forks seedlings. Additionally, relative water content leaves increased levels osmotic-adjustment substances (soluble sugars, soluble proteins, proline, starch). Persistent also modulated activities antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT), leading oxidative through accumulation H2O2. Membrane damage, indicated significant increase in MDA conductivity, was observed, adversely affecting seedling growth. Phenotypic exhibits strong adaptability drought. Cluster analysis categorized genotypes into four groups: highly drought-resistant (14X5), (LK13, JLR, HXF1, 14X4, 14X1, 14X6), low (21F05, JH1, JR3, 14X7, 16F02), drought-sensitive (16C07). provides valuable genetic resources for breeding varieties.

Language: Английский

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Tailoring Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Traits to Microclimates: A Multilocation Evaluation of Yield and Quality Responses in Western Ethiopia

Scientifica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a crucial crop for food security and income generation in Western Ethiopia. However, unsuitable cultivar choices misalignment between genotype microclimate conditions often constrain its productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of eight national tomato cultivars one local landrace across diverse microclimates Ethiopia during 2022/2023 off-season cropping period. A randomized complete block design with three replications was employed assess growth, yield, quality parameters at two locations: Bako Tibe Gambella Tare. The results revealed significant genotype-environment interactions affecting various traits, underscoring necessity microclimatic adaptation cultivation. Cochoro emerged as high-yielding cultivar, achieving marketable fruit yields 91.5 t/ha 84.28 Tare, while Komto (43 Tibe) Geli-Lema (42.2 Tare) exhibited lowest yields. Melka-Salsa demonstrated superior quality, particularly ascorbic acid content (26.30 mg/100 g), had (12.81 g). strong positive correlation (r = 0.998∗∗) identified total yield weight per plant, suggesting potential targets future breeding efforts. highlights critical role optimizing production These findings provide valuable information farmers stakeholders select most suitable cultivars, enhancing improving farmer incomes. Future research should prioritize expanded interaction studies, programs targeting components stress resilience development location-specific agronomic packages integrating optimized irrigation, nutrient management, climate-smart pest control strategies.

Language: Английский

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Dry Cultivation of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Enhances Drought Resistance by Modulating Root System Architecture, Antioxidant Potential and Sugar Metabolism

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 211(3)

Published: May 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Rice is one of the world's major staple crops. Against balance population growth and water scarcity, improving drought resistance yield rice essential for food security. However, understanding remains limited regarding photosynthesis, antioxidant mechanisms carbohydrate partitioning in leaves roots under conditions. Based on our previous findings, this study compared drought‐resistant variety (Changjing616, CJ) drought‐sensitive (Lianyu1013, LY) flooding dry cultivations. Our results revealed that CJ maintained comparable yields to those cultivation, whereas LY experienced a significant decline yield. Furthermore, we demonstrated sustained higher photosynthetic rate enhanced activities enzymes cultivation. In terms root morphology, showed improvement key parameters while these characteristics. The sugar contents related both were notably by Notably, correlations between systems metabolism varied two cultivation methods. addition, identified increased R/S ratio, resulting from alterations significantly contributed rice. Collectively, findings elucidate pivotal role enhancing tolerance practices.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the response relationship between crop rooting, seedling emergence and soil water, heat and salt environmental factors in dry sowing wet emergent cotton fields

Industrial Crops and Products, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 231, P. 121201 - 121201

Published: May 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Nanoselenium improves drought tolerance of sorghum via reduced transpiration rate and osmolytic accumulation

South African Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 93 - 108

Published: July 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Glycine betaine application improved seed cotton yield and economic returns under deficit irrigation

Journal of King Saud University - Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(10), P. 103445 - 103445

Published: Sept. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Screening of Germplasm and Construction of Evaluation System for Autotoxicity Tolerance during Seed Germination in Cucumber

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1081 - 1081

Published: May 19, 2024

Due to the widespread use of intensive cropping patterns, problem continuous obstacle, which is dominated by autotoxicity, has been becoming more and prominent. Although many methods have proposed overcome obstacle cucumber, no study reported screening evaluation cucumber germplasm resistant autotoxicity. In this study, 28 physiological indices related bud stage under cinnamic acid (CA) treatment were determined. total, 45 cultivars classified into three groups using principal component analysis cluster analysis, a model for evaluating resistance autotoxicity was developed. The validated autotoxicity-tolerant non-autotoxicity-tolerant cultivars. results showed that growth significantly inhibited compared This indicated tolerance reliable. provide valuable reference application resources development genes.

Language: Английский

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Physio-morphological and molecular characterization of ethyl methanesulfonate-derived mutant population of Gossypium herbaceum L. cv. (Wagad) for drought tolerance

3 Biotech, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(10)

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Dry Cultivation of Rice Enhances Drought Resistance by Modulating Root System Architecture, Antioxidant Potential, and Sugar Metabolism

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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