Frailty in Geriatrics: A Critical Review with Content Analysis of Instruments, Overlapping Constructs, and Challenges in Diagnosis and Prognostic Precision DOI Open Access
José Fierro‐Marrero, Álvaro Reina‐Varona, Alba París-Alemany

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1808 - 1808

Published: March 7, 2025

Frailty is a key concept in geriatric care; yet its definition and assessment remain debated. Since the early 2000s, two main models have emerged: Fried frailty phenotype, focusing on physical deficits, Mitnitski index, which incorporates broader health factors. These divergent approaches led to over 50 instruments, reflecting absence of unified framework. This review explores content, weighting, scoring methods identifying potential concerns derived from this. exposes overlap with other constructs including function, disability, morbidity, sarcopenia. Many instruments lack content validity, detect highly heterogeneous samples within between scales, all labeled under “frail” tag. poses challenges interpreting instrument responsiveness. In addition, should not be considered clinical entity unique etiology. discusses how broad nature conflicts modern paradigms individualization precision. They may useful primary care, but specificity for secondary care evaluations. article also predictive validity interpreted caution. Finally, we summarize our findings propose new frailty, highlighting strengths weaknesses construct. The identified inconsistencies serve as guide refining both research application care.

Language: Английский

Frailty in Geriatrics: A Critical Review with Content Analysis of Instruments, Overlapping Constructs, and Challenges in Diagnosis and Prognostic Precision DOI Open Access
José Fierro‐Marrero, Álvaro Reina‐Varona, Alba París-Alemany

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1808 - 1808

Published: March 7, 2025

Frailty is a key concept in geriatric care; yet its definition and assessment remain debated. Since the early 2000s, two main models have emerged: Fried frailty phenotype, focusing on physical deficits, Mitnitski index, which incorporates broader health factors. These divergent approaches led to over 50 instruments, reflecting absence of unified framework. This review explores content, weighting, scoring methods identifying potential concerns derived from this. exposes overlap with other constructs including function, disability, morbidity, sarcopenia. Many instruments lack content validity, detect highly heterogeneous samples within between scales, all labeled under “frail” tag. poses challenges interpreting instrument responsiveness. In addition, should not be considered clinical entity unique etiology. discusses how broad nature conflicts modern paradigms individualization precision. They may useful primary care, but specificity for secondary care evaluations. article also predictive validity interpreted caution. Finally, we summarize our findings propose new frailty, highlighting strengths weaknesses construct. The identified inconsistencies serve as guide refining both research application care.

Language: Английский

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