Low circulatory levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C are associated with death of patients with sepsis and critical illness: systematic review, meta-analysis, and perspective of observational studies

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 100, P. 104981 - 104981

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Mechanistic studies have established a biological role of sterol metabolism in infection and immunity with clinical data linking deranged cholesterol during sepsis poorer outcomes. In this systematic review we assess the relationship between biomarkers homeostasis mortality critical illness.

Language: Английский

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Triglyceride-glucose index predicts sepsis-associated acute kidney injury and length of stay in sepsis: A MIMIC-IV cohort study

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. e29257 - e29257

Published: April 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Co-stimulators CD40-CD40L, a potential immune-therapy target for atherosclerosis: A review

Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(14), P. e37718 - e37718

Published: April 5, 2024

The interaction between CD40 and ligand (CD40L) a crucial co-stimulatory signal for activating adaptive immune cells, has noteworthy role in atherosclerosis. It is well-known that atherosclerosis linked to inflammation blood vessels. In atherosclerotic lesions, there multitude of proinflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, collagen, as well smooth muscle macrophages, T lymphocytes, particularly the binding CD40L. Therefore, research on inhibiting CD40-CD40L system prevent been ongoing more than 30 years. However, it’s essential note long-term direct suppression or CD40L could potentially result immunosuppression, emphasizing critical Thus, specifically targeting particular cell types their downstream signaling pathways may be robust strategy mitigating atherosclerosis, reducing potential side effects. This review aims summarize utility viable therapeutic target

Language: Английский

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HDL-based therapeutics: A promising frontier in combating viral and bacterial infections

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 260, P. 108684 - 108684

Published: July 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Pleiotropic Effects of Lipid-Modifying Interventions: Exploring Traditional and Emerging Hypolipidemic Therapies

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 388 - 388

Published: July 17, 2024

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease poses a significant global health issue, with dyslipidemia standing out as major risk factor. In recent decades, lipid-lowering therapies have evolved significantly, statins emerging the cornerstone treatment. These interventions play crucial role in both primary and secondary prevention by effectively reducing through lipid profile enhancements. Beyond their effects, extensive research indicates that these exhibit pleiotropic actions, offering additional benefits. include anti-inflammatory properties, improvements vascular glucose metabolism, potential implications cancer management. While ezetimibe been extensively studied, newer agents also demonstrate similar even absence of direct This narrative review explores diverse properties lipid-modifying therapies, emphasizing non-lipid effects contribute to burden exploring benefits for non-cardiovascular conditions. Mechanistic insights into actions are discussed alongside therapeutic implications.

Language: Английский

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HDL-Replacement Therapy: From Traditional to Emerging Clinical Applications

Atherosclerosis Plus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 59, P. 68 - 79

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Sepsis and high-density lipoproteins: Pathophysiology and potential new therapeutic targets

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 167761 - 167761

Published: March 1, 2025

In 2020, sepsis has been defined a worldwide health major issue (World Health Organization). Lung, urinary tract and abdominal cavity are the preferred sites of sepsis-linked infection. Research highlighted that advancement is not only related to presence inflammation or microbial host pattern recognition. Clinicians researchers now recognized severe immunosuppression also common feature found in patients with sepsis, increasing susceptibility secondary infections. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) expressed on cell surface Gram-negative, whereas Gram-positive bacteria express peptidoglycan (PGN) lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The main mechanism by which LPS trigger innate immune responses binding TLR4-MD2 (toll-like receptor4-myeloid differentiation factor 2), whereas, PGN LTA exogenous ligands TLR2. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors most well-characterized cytosolic recognition receptors, bind molecules, endogenous by-products environmental triggers. It demonstrated high-density lipoproteins (HDL), besides their role promoting cholesterol efflux, possess diverse pleiotropic properties, ranging from modulation system anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant functions. addition, HDL able at i) LPS, preventing activating TLR4, ii) inducing expression ATF3 (Activating transcription 3), negative regulator TLR signalling pathways, contributing justifying capacity hamper infection-based illnesses. Therefore, reconstituted (rHDL), constituted apolipoprotein A-I/apolipoprotein A-IMilano complexed phospholipids, may be considered as new therapeutic tool for management sepsis.

Language: Английский

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High density lipoproteins and COVID-19: preparing the next pandemic

Journal of Lipid Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100779 - 100779

Published: March 1, 2025

High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are heterogeneous particles with pleiotropic functions including anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious effects. In clinical studies, lower HDL-associated cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration has been associated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, severity mortality. A reduction in the number of HDL particles, particularly small ones observed alterations their protein lipid composition impairing functions. These observations have supported supplementation promising results preliminary studies. This review summarizes available evidence on these different aspects to better understand two-way interaction between HDLs Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) guiding future HDL-based therapies for preparing next pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Genetic correlations and causal associations between BMI, HDL-C, and postoperative infections: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 7, 2025

Infections are serious postoperative complications, and strongly affects the mortality prognosis of patients. Body mass index (BMI) lipids factors in infection, but a causal relationship has not been know. In this Mendelian randomization (MR) study, we utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from Global Lipids Genetics Consortium FinnGen database, treating BMI as exposures. Postoperative infection GWAS UK Biobank served outcome. We linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis to evaluate genetic correlations between lipids, BMI, infections. employed univariate reverse MR analyses explore relationships exposure outcome factors. The primarily inverse variance weighted method, supplemented by MR-Egger median methods. MR-PRESSO method was used detect horizontal pleiotropy potential outliers. Additionally, stepwise mediation investigate indirect potentially influencing covariance indicates that there is no sample overlap among all conducted. LDSC analysis, (GC) were found BMI(GC = 0.430, P < 0.05), HDL-C(GC - 0.414, nonHDL-C(GC 0.137, TG(GC 0.417, infection. HDL-C showing negative with while other phenotypes showed positive associations. identified (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.16-1.60, 0.05) 0.87, 0.78-0.96, These findings consistent results. significant both lipids. Stepwise excluded impact mediating outcomes. through analyses, links HDL, It might increase risk whereas HDL could lower developing

Language: Английский

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Exploring the nonlinear relationship between serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and obesity in older adults: a cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: May 1, 2025

Background The prevalence of obesity, a common metabolic disorder, has been increasing annually, particularly in older adults. This trend poses significant socioeconomic burden. uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) was defined by dividing UA (mg/dL) HDL-C and multiplying 100%. According recent clinical research, UHR emerged as potential innovative indicator status evaluation, supported contemporary biomarker research. cross-sectional study investigated the association between index obesity among Americans. Objective research employed nationally representative survey data Examine connection individuals aged 60 above. Methods utilized from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2011 2016. Individuals who were years old or included ( n = 3,822). relationship levels (as measured body mass 30 kg/m 2 greater waist-to-height (WHtR) ≥0.5) using weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses, with adjustments made for sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral patterns, covariates, adjusting sociodemographic, behavioral, covariates. Restricted cubic spline, ROC curves, threshold analysis, subgroup analysis also used. Result After full adjustment confounders, positively associated risk BMI (highest quartile vs. lowest quartile: OR 6.13, 95% CI 4.01–9.39; P -trend &lt; 0.001) WHtR 20.21, 8.33–49.02; p 0.001). In addition, restricted spline uncovered nonlinear dose-response (P 0.01), found inflection points −2.485 −2.503 WHtR. Subgroup analyses showed that Americans consistent across subgroups, demonstrating high reliability (all P-interaction &gt; 0.05). AUC predicting calculated be 0.65 (95% 0.63–0.66). predicted men's (BMI) 0.67 0.65–0.70). an 0.69 0.67–0.72) females. 0.75 0.72–0.78). 0.76 0.72–0.80) males, 0.83 0.79–0.87) Conclusion findings demonstrate notable positive correlation adults, this remaining evident following multiple confounding variables. These results imply systematic evaluation could serve effective strategy proactively detecting populations susceptible obesity-related disorders.

Language: Английский

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