Innovative Therapeutic Strategies for Myocardial Infarction Across Various Stages: Non-Coding RNA and Stem Cells DOI Open Access

Bingqi Zhuang,

Chongning Zhong, Yuting Ma

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 231 - 231

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a highly challenging and fatal disease, with diverse challenges arising at different stages of its progression. As such, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which can broadly regulate cell fate, stem cells multi-differentiation potential are emerging as novel therapeutic approaches for treating MI across various stages. NcRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) long (LncRNAs), directly participate in regulating intracellular signaling pathways, influence cardiac angiogenesis, promote the repair infarcted myocardium. Currently, commonly used medicine, such mesenchymal (MSCs) induced pluripotent (iPSCs), differentiate into human types without ethical concerns. When combined ncRNAs, these more effectively induce directed differentiation, angiogenesis heart, replenish normal cells. Additionally, cell-derived exosomes, contain improve myocardial damage region through paracrine mechanisms. However, our understanding specific roles mechanisms cells, exosomes secreted by during remains limited. Therefore, this review systematically categorizes MI, aiming to summarize direct regulatory effects ncRNAs on an myocardium points disease Moreover, it explores therapy exosome complex pathological evolution process. The objective was provide insights strategies open new research directions application field repair.

Language: Английский

Atrial Fibrosis in Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanistic Insights, Diagnostic Challenges, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets DOI Open Access
Paschalis Karakasis, Panagiotis Theofilis, Panayotis K. Vlachakis

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 209 - 209

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Atrial fibrosis is a hallmark of atrial cardiomyopathy and plays pivotal role in the pathogenesis fibrillation (AF), contributing to its onset progression. The mechanisms underlying are multifaceted, involving stretch-induced fibroblast activation, oxidative stress, inflammation, coagulation pathways. Variations types-reactive replacement fibrosis-are influenced by patient-specific factors such as age, sex, comorbidities, complicating therapeutic approaches. heterogeneity leads distinct electrophysiological abnormalities that promote AF via reentrant activity enhanced automaticity mechanisms. Despite advancements imaging, late gadolinium enhancement CMR electroanatomical mapping, challenges accurately quantifying persist. Emerging strategies include antifibrotic agents targeting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, novel pathways like TGF-β signaling, cardio-metabolic drugs SGLT2 inhibitors GLP-1 receptor agonists. Innovative interventions, including microRNA modulation lipid nanoparticle-based therapies, show promise but require validation. Knowledge gaps remain correlating clinical outcomes with patterns optimizing diagnostic tools. Future research should focus on precise phenotyping, integrating advanced imaging molecular biomarkers, conducting robust trials evaluate therapies' efficacy reducing burden related complications.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Hypoxic extracellular vesicles from hiPSCs protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative damage by transferring antioxidant proteins and enhancing Akt/Erk/NRF2 signaling DOI Creative Commons
Sylwia Bobis‐Wozowicz, Milena Paw, Michał Sarna

et al.

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: July 9, 2024

Abstract Background Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an emerging class of therapeutics with excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity and pro-regenerative capacity. One the potential targets for EV-based medicines cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this work we used EVs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs; hiPS-EVs) cultured under different oxygen concentrations (21, 5 3% O 2 ) to dissect molecular mechanisms responsible cardioprotection. Methods were isolated by ultrafiltration combined size exclusion chromatography (UF + SEC), followed characterization nanoparticle tracking analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM) Western blot methods. Liquid tandem mass spectrometry coupled bioinformatic analyses identify differentially enriched proteins in various conditions. We directly compared cardioprotective effects these oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model cardiomyocyte (CM) injury. Using advanced biology, fluorescence microscopy, spectroscopy bioinformatics techniques, investigated intracellular signaling pathways involved regulation cell survival, apoptosis antioxidant response. The direct effect on NRF2-regulated was evaluated CMs following NRF2 inhibition ML385. Results demonstrate that hiPS-EVs physiological hypoxia at 5% (EV-H5) exert enhanced cytoprotective function towards damaged other tested conditions (normoxia; EV-N ; EV-H3). This resulted higher phosphorylation rates Akt kinase recipient after transfer, modulation AMPK activity reduced apoptosis. Furthermore, provide evidence improved calcium sustained contractility treated EV-H5 using AFM measurements. Mechanistically, our revealed associated pathway regulated NRF2. regard, increased nuclear translocation protein its transcription upon OGD/R. contrast, ML385 abolished protective CMs. Conclusions work, a superior EV-H3. Such most effective restoring redox balance stressed CMs, preserving their contractile preventing death. Our data support use hypoxia, as cell-free regenerative properties treatment cardiac diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Translation of pathophysiological mechanisms of atrial fibrosis into new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches DOI
Ulrich Schotten, Andreas Goette, Sander Verheule

et al.

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Exosomal miR‐107 Derived From Cigarette Smoking‐Exposed Bronchial Epithelial Cells Aggravates Acute Lung Injury by Polarizing Macrophage to Proinflammatory Phenotype DOI
Xin Ni, Yufeng Lv, Lei Han

et al.

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Exosomes are critical mediators of intercellular crosstalk and play significant roles in the progression various diseases including acute lung injury (ALI). However, specific role exosomes ALI remains largely unexplored. In investigation, we demonstrated that released from cigarette smoke extract (CSE)‐exposed bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS‐2B) facilitated M1 macrophage polarization. Notably, CSE exposure enhanced production miR‐107 within these exosomes. Inhibition markedly reversed polarization inflammatory responses vitro ameliorated vivo. Furthermore, exosomal was found to downregulate KLF4, thereby promoting inflammation macrophages. Collectively, findings demonstrate CSE‐exposed BEAS‐2B could induce via transmitting miR‐107, eventually ultimately contributing ALI, indicating a potential therapeutic strategy for ALI.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Small extracellular vesicles associated miRNA in myocardial fibrosis DOI Creative Commons
Minwen Long, Min Cheng

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 727, P. 150336 - 150336

Published: June 30, 2024

Myocardial fibrosis involves the loss of cardiomyocytes, myocardial fibroblast proliferation, and a reduction in angiogenesis, ultimately leading to heart failure, Given its significant implications, it is crucial explore novel therapies for fibrosis. Recently one emerging avenue has been use small extracellular vesicles (sEV)-carried miRNA. In this review, we summarize regulatory role sEV-carried miRNA We explored not only potential diagnostic value circulating as biomarkers disease but also therapeutic implications derived from various cellular sources applications modified sEV. This exploration paramount researchers striving develop innovative, cell-free drug candidates management

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Extracellular vesicle therapeutics for cardiac repair DOI
Yilan Hu, Weihang Zhang,

Shah R. Ali

et al.

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 12 - 32

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
New Insights into the Role of Mild Hypoxia in Regulating Neural Stem Cell Characteristics DOI
Jianjun Guo,

Ruibin Su,

Haitao Wu

et al.

Stem Cells and Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(13-14), P. 333 - 342

Published: May 16, 2024

The proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) is precisely regulated by extracellular environmental factors. In situ hypoxia, one the key factors involved in regulation NSC characteristics, has attracted increasing amounts attention. Numerous studies have demonstrated that hypoxia can significantly promote formation neurospheres and NSCs vitro intermittent endogenous vivo. this article, effects different concentrations oxygen on differentiation both vivo are reviewed, potential applications hypoxia-preconditioned NSCs, as well research progress challenges treatment central nervous system diseases, further summarized. Here, critical role neurogenesis emphasized, insights into use to regulate characteristics provided.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Innovative Therapeutic Strategies for Myocardial Infarction Across Various Stages: Non-Coding RNA and Stem Cells DOI Open Access

Bingqi Zhuang,

Chongning Zhong, Yuting Ma

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 231 - 231

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a highly challenging and fatal disease, with diverse challenges arising at different stages of its progression. As such, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which can broadly regulate cell fate, stem cells multi-differentiation potential are emerging as novel therapeutic approaches for treating MI across various stages. NcRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) long (LncRNAs), directly participate in regulating intracellular signaling pathways, influence cardiac angiogenesis, promote the repair infarcted myocardium. Currently, commonly used medicine, such mesenchymal (MSCs) induced pluripotent (iPSCs), differentiate into human types without ethical concerns. When combined ncRNAs, these more effectively induce directed differentiation, angiogenesis heart, replenish normal cells. Additionally, cell-derived exosomes, contain improve myocardial damage region through paracrine mechanisms. However, our understanding specific roles mechanisms cells, exosomes secreted by during remains limited. Therefore, this review systematically categorizes MI, aiming to summarize direct regulatory effects ncRNAs on an myocardium points disease Moreover, it explores therapy exosome complex pathological evolution process. The objective was provide insights strategies open new research directions application field repair.

Language: Английский

Citations

0