Integrated approaches for immunotoxicity risk assessment: challenges and future directions

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

The integration of immunotoxicity data into chemical risk assessment paradigms is essential for comprehensively evaluating the potential health hazards posed by exposures. This review provides a comprehensive overview methodologies, challenges, and future directions integrating frameworks. It discusses fundamental principles immunotoxicology its relevance to assessment, highlighting critical roles immune system in defense against harmful agents. Next, we explore traditional frameworks, including exposure hazard identification, dose–response characterization, need incorporating endpoints enhance characterization estimation. Subsequently, delve modelling immunotoxicity, elucidating principles, methods, case studies illustrating relationships extrapolation from animal humans. Furthermore, discuss focusing on identification immunotoxic hazards, evaluation endpoints, utilization immunological biomarkers assessment. We then examine cumulative strategies, presenting conceptual framework assessing risks multiple exposures methods different chemicals. Lastly, emerging trends high-throughput screening assays, omics technologies, computational modelling, alternative testing along with regulatory implications research needs. valuable insights researchers, regulators, stakeholders involved public protection, facilitating development evidence-based strategies safeguarding human associated

Language: Английский

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Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Female Health Concern: Gender-based Accumulation Differences, Adverse Outcomes, and Mechanisms

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

The deleterious health implications of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely recognized. Females, in contrast to males, exhibit unique pathways for PFAS exposure excretion, leading complex outcomes. status females is largely influenced by hormone-related processes. have been reported be associated with various aspects female health, including reproductive system disorders pregnancy-related diseases. In this article, we provide insights into the correlations between female-prevalent Current epidemiological toxicological evidence has demonstrated that adverse effects on primarily attributed disruption hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis hormonal homeostasis. However, these findings do not sufficiently elucidate intricate associations specific Furthermore, autoimmune disorders, another category more prevalent women compared men, require additional investigation. Immune biomarkers pertinent observed exposure, although insufficient substantiate relations. Further thorough exploration encompassing studies essential elucidating inherent influence human pathologies. Additionally, comprehensive investigations issues beyond their functions essential.

Language: Английский

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Associations of PFAS and OH-PCBs with risk of multiple sclerosis onset and disability worsening

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Abstract Exposure to per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) is associated with adverse human health effects, including immunosuppression. It unknown if these can affect the course of autoimmune diseases. This study was based on 907 individuals multiple sclerosis (MS) matched controls, where MS cases were followed longitudinally using Swedish register. We demonstrate sex- disease-specific differences in serum PFAS concentrations between controls. Moreover, two OH-PCBs (4-OH-CB187 3-OH-CB153) are an increased risk developing sclerosis, regardless sex immigration status. With a clinical follow-up time up 18 years, increase perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic (PFOS), perfluorodecanoic (PFDA) decreases confirmed disability worsening both sexes, as well perfluoroheptanesulfonic (PFHpS) perfluorononanoic (PFNA), only males MS. These results show previously associations MS, inverse exposure

Language: Английский

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Maternal exposure to legacy PFAS compounds PFOA and PFOS is associated with disrupted cytokine homeostasis in neonates: The Upstate KIDS study (2008–2010)

Environment International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 196, P. 109288 - 109288

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Perfluorooctane sulfonate attenuates IgE/Ag-stimulated mast cell activation and anaphylactic responses via activating SHP-1 pathway

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 372, P. 144119 - 144119

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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The effect and potential mechanisms of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure on kidney stone risk

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 294, P. 118087 - 118087

Published: March 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and microRNA: an epigenome-wide association study in firefighters

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 121766 - 121766

Published: May 1, 2025

The occupation of firefighting is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen. Increased cancer risk among firefighters may be partly attributable to increased occupational exposure range chemicals, including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Some PFAS are known suspect human carcinogens. Investigating epigenetic response these exposures in help identify biological pathways specific cancers, previously unidentified health outcomes that associated with PFAS. We therefore investigated the associations serum concentrations miRNA expression firefighters. Serum samples collected from 303 6 sites across USA were analyzed for 9 along expression. Covariate-adjusted linear regression was used estimate between log expression, false discovery rate (FDR) set 0.05 significance, an exploratory cutoff FDR q<0.20. Gene enrichment analysis (GSEA) performed using miRTarBase's miRWalk pathways. Age, race-ethnicity, BMI, fire department, sex controlled all models. At FDR<0.05, isomer perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) inversely miR-128-1-5p (Beta = -0.146, 95% CI -0.216, -0.076). relaxed 0.20, we observed inverse sum branched isomers PFOS (Sm-PFOS) 5 miRNAs (let-7d-5p, let-7a-5p, miR-423-5p, let-7b-5p, miR-629-5p). Several enriched multiple PFAS, those correlated certain blood diseases, thyroid disorders, autoimmune neurological outcomes. found alteration consistent chronic diseases.

Language: Английский

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Associations between per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposure and immune responses among women in the California Teachers study: A cross-sectional evaluation

Cytokine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 184, P. 156753 - 156753

Published: Sept. 18, 2024

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants that have been linked to a number of health outcomes, including those related immune dysfunction. However, there limited numbers epidemiological-based studies directly examine the association between PFAS exposure responses.

Language: Английский

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Specific and potent inhibition of steroid hormone pre-receptor regulator AKR1C2 by perfluorooctanoic acid: implications for androgen metabolism

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106641 - 106641

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Low-salt diets and salt-free cooking help reduce exposure to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 367, P. 143606 - 143606

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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