The role of tRF-Val-CAC-010 in lung adenocarcinoma: implications for tumorigenesis and metastasis DOI Creative Commons
Lilin Luo, Yue Cao, Juanjuan Zhang

et al.

BMC Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Transfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are short non-coding RNA (ncRNA) sequences, ranging from 14 to 30 nucleotides, produced through the precise cleavage of precursor and mature tRNAs. While tRFs have been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, their role lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains underexplored. This study aims investigate impact tRF-Val-CAC-010, a specific tRF molecule, on phenotype LUAD cells its tumorigenesis progression vivo. The expression level tRF-Val-CAC-010 was quantified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Specific inhibitors mimics were synthesized for transient transfection. Cell proliferation assessed Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), while cell invasion migration evaluated Transwell scratch assays. Flow cytometry utilized analyze cycle apoptosis. vivo effects tumor growth metastasis determined formation imaging experiments nude mice. upregulated A549 PC9 (P < 0.01). Suppression resulted decreased 0.001), reduced 0.05, P 0.001) 0.01), enhanced apoptosis both 0.05) 0.05), increased G2 phase arrest 0.05). In vivo, volume tRF-inhibitor group significantly smaller than that model tRF-NC groups metastatic flux value also lower demonstrates promotes proliferation, migration, induces vitro, however, require further elucidation. Additionally, enhances Therefore, may serve as novel diagnostic biomarker potential therapeutic target LUAD.

Language: Английский

tRNA-derived small RNAs: their role in the mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies of colorectal cancer DOI Creative Commons
Bo Zhang, Yi Pan, Zhe Li

et al.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy and second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with an increasing shift towards younger age onset. In recent years, there has been recognition significance tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), encompassing fragments (tRFs) tRNA halves (tiRNAs). Their involvement in regulating translation, gene expression, reverse transcription, epigenetics gradually come to light. Emerging research revealed dysregulation tsRNAs CRC, implicating their role CRC initiation progression, highlighting potential early diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic strategies. Although clinical application still its stages, findings highlight a close relationship between biogenesis function tsRNAs, chemical modifications, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Additionally, similar other RNAs, can be effectively delivered via nanoparticles (NPs). Consequently, future should focus on elucidating concerning base TIME regulation, immunotherapy, NPs delivery systems facilitate translation.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
N7-methylguanosine modification in cancers: from mechanisms to therapeutic potential DOI Creative Commons
Qihui Wu, Xiaodan Fu,

Guoqian Liu

et al.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

N7-methylguanosine (m7G) is an important RNA modification involved in epigenetic regulation that commonly observed both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Their influence on the synthesis processing of messenger RNA, ribosomal transfer allows m7G modifications to affect diverse cellular, physiological, pathological processes. are pivotal human diseases, particularly cancer progression. On one hand, modification-associated modulate tumour progression malignant biological characteristics, including sustained proliferation signalling, resistance cell death, activation invasion metastasis, reprogramming energy metabolism, genome instability, immune evasion. This suggests they may be novel therapeutic targets for treatment. other aberrant expression molecules linked clinicopathological staging, lymph node unfavourable prognoses patients with cancer, indicating their potential as biomarkers. review consolidates discovery, identification, detection methodologies, functional roles modification, analysing mechanisms by which contribute development, exploring clinical applications diagnostics therapy, thereby providing innovative strategies identification targeted

Language: Английский

Citations

1
tRNA-derived fragment 3′tRF-AlaAGC modulates cell chemoresistance and M2 macrophage polarization via binding to TRADD in breast cancer DOI Creative Commons
Dongping Mo, Xun Tang, Yuyan Ma

et al.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: July 30, 2024

Abstract Background Drug resistance, including Adriamycin-based therapeutic remains a challenge in breast cancer (BC) treatment. Studies have revealed that macrophages could play pivotal role mediating the chemoresistance of cells. Accumulating evidence suggests tRNA-Derived small RNAs (tDRs) are associated physiological and pathological processes multiple cancers. However, underlying mechanisms tDRs on BC tumor-associated remain largely unknown. Methods The high-throughput sequencing technique was used to screen expression profile Gain- loss-of-function experiments xenograft models were performed verify biological function 3′tRF-Ala-AGC CIBERSORT algorithm investigate immune cell infiltration tissues. To explore macrophages, M2 transfected with mimic or inhibitor co-cultured Effects Nuclear factor-κb (NF-κb) pathway investigated by NF-κb nuclear translocation assay western blot analysis. RNA pull-down identify interacting proteins. Results A 3′tRF fragment 3′tRF-AlaAGC screened, which is significantly overexpressed specimens Adriamycin-resistant promote malignant activity facilitate polarization vitro vivo. Higher more likely lymph node metastasis deeper invasion patients. Mechanistically, binds Type 1-associated death domain protein (TRADD) cells, suppression TRADD partially abolished enhanced effect phenotype M2. signaling activated cells mimic. Conclusions might modulate macrophage via binding increase promoting through pathway.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as potential biomarkers in tumor early diagnosis DOI Creative Commons

Jingyue Chang,

Lingquan Zhang,

Zeting Li

et al.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 189188 - 189188

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis DOI Creative Commons
Zikun Huang, Qing Luo,

Cuifen Xiong

et al.

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

ABSTRACTThe tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a new class of non coding RNAs, which stable in body fluids and can be used as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, the exact value tsRNAs diagnosis tuberculosis (TB) is still unclear. The objective present study was to evaluate performance serum biosignature distinguish between active TB, healthy controls, latent TB infection, other respiratory diseases. differential expression profiles from patients controls were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. A total 905 subjects prospectively recruited our three different cohorts. Levels tsRNA-Gly-CCC-2, tsRNA-Gly-GCC-1, tsRNA-Lys-CTT-2-M2 significantly elevated compared non-TB individuals, showing correlation with lung injury severity acid-fast bacilli grades patients. accuracy three-tsRNA evaluated training (n = 289), test 124), prediction 292) groups. By utilizing cross-validation random forest algorithm approach, cohort achieved sensitivity 100% specificity 100%. exhibited 75.8% 91.2%. Within group, 73.1% 92.5%, respectively. generally decreased within 3 months treatment then remained stable. In conclusion, might serve biomarker diagnose monitor effectiveness high-burden clinical setting.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
tsRNAs sequencing reveals tRNA-Gly (GCC)-derived small RNAs as colorectal cancer biomarker DOI Creative Commons

Yu Wan,

Yuting Jiao,

Anrui Liu

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors and second leading cause malignancy-related death worldwide. Novel biomarkers with high sensitivity specificity are necessary to improve diagnosis colorectal in terms early prognosis. In this study, we obtained tsRNAs expression profiles from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) clinical tissue samples identify novel potential biomarker properties cancer. The were successfully constructed, 612 up-regulated 439 down-regulated identified tumor group. tRNA-Gly (GCC)-derived i-tRF-Gly-GCC 5′-tRF-Gly-GCC highly expressed CRC tissues compared paraneoplastic tissues. same results found serum patients healthy volunteers. Both AUC ROC analysis was greater than 0.7, which has diagnostic value. WGCNA showed that target genes two closely related CRC, significantly decreased groups COAD READ datasets. We also performed validation experiments HCT-116 cells, confirmed enhanced cell proliferation migration. conclusion, characterized (i-tRF-Gly-GCC 5′-tRF-Gly-GCC) as for

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A Novel tRF, HCETSR, Derived From tRNA‐Glu/TTC, Inhibits HCC Malignancy by Regulating the SPBTN1‐catenin Complex Axis DOI Creative Commons
Rui Tao,

Kangbei Zhu,

Zonglei Mao

et al.

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs), a novel class of small non-coding RNAs cleaved from transfer RNAs, have been implicated in tumor regulation. In this study, the role specific tRF, HCETSR is investigated, which significantly downregulated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and correlates with advanced burden higher HCC mortality. Functional analyses revealed that inhibits malignancy serves as an independent predictor poor prognosis. Mechanistically, SPTBN1/catenin complex axis regulated by identified. binds to critical domain SPTBN1, disrupting its interaction catenin (comprising β-catenin, α-catenin, P120-catenin), facilitates cell membrane nucleus. Specifically, decreases proteasomal degradation β-catenin synthesis nascent β-catenin. Furthermore, suppresses transcriptional activity LEF1 through P120-catenin rather than thereby reducing β-catenin's influence on activity. It demonstrated spliced tRNA-Glu/TTC. The biogenesis tRNA-Glu/TTC spliceosome Dicer1. conclusion, These findings suggest HCETSR, derived tRNA-Glu/TTC, via modulation may represent promising prognostic marker therapeutic strategy for HCC.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exploring the clinical application and biological function of novel tsRNA tsRNA-Asp-5–0002 in hepatocellular carcinoma DOI
Xinyue Ma,

Bairong Chen,

Yelan Tang

et al.

Gene, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 149459 - 149459

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Extracellular Vesicles-Associated tRNA-Derived Fragments: Emerging Insights into Cancer Progression and Clinical Application Potential DOI Creative Commons
Yi Pan, Bo Zhang, Zhe Li

et al.

Genes & Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101682 - 101682

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Therapeutic Potential of Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer DOI

Shuangshuang Xu,

Guopeng Zhang,

Guanghao Li

et al.

Published: May 17, 2025

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as crucial players in the landscape of cancer biology, challenging long-held paradigm that primarily focused on protein-coding genes. The human genome is predominantly transcribed into non-coding RNAs, which do not encode proteins but instead participate a myriad regulatory functions vital for cellular homeostasis and pathology. Recent advancements genomics molecular biology unveiled complexity diversity ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long (lncRNAs), circular (circRNAs), PIWI-interacting (piRNAs). In this review, mechanisms by ncRNAs influence their potential therapeutic applications will be explored depth.

Language: Английский

Citations

0