Aspergillus flavus with Mycovirus as an Etiologic Factor for Acute Leukemias in Susceptible Individuals: Evidence and Discussion

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 488 - 488

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Several etiologic factors for the development of acute leukemias have been suggested; however, none is applicable to all cases. We isolated a certain mycovirus-containing Aspergillus flavus (MCAF) from home patient with lymphoblastic leukemia. Repeated electron microscopic evaluations proved existence mycovirus in this organism. According chemical analysis, organism does not produce any aflatoxin, possibly due its infestation mycoviruses. reported that using ELISA technique, forty pediatric patients leukemia (ALL) uniformly had antibodies products MCAF. In contrast, three separate groups controls, consisting normal blood donors, individuals solid tumors, and sickle cell disease, were negative. vitro exposure mononuclear cells ALL, full remission, MCAF induced redevelopment surface phenotypes genetic markers characteristic ALL. The controls incubation ALL lines resulted significant cellular apoptosis, changes cycle, downregulation transcription factors, including PAX-5 Ikaros (75 55 kDa). Fungi are widespread nature, many contain Normally, an individual inhales 1 10 fungal spores per minute, while farmers can inhale up 75,000 minute. It known foresters, who more exposed fungi, higher rate asthmatics, most whom allergic agents, working office settings lower rate. One theories suggests predisposition followed by infectious agent. With above findings, we propose may etiological role leukemogenesis immune-depressed genetically susceptible individuals.

Language: Английский

Small Biological Fighters Against Cancer: Viruses, Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Protozoa, and Microalgae

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 665 - 665

Published: March 8, 2025

Despite the progress made in oncological theranostics, cancer remains a global health problem and leading cause of death worldwide. Multidrug radiation therapy resistance is an important challenge treatment. To overcome this great concern clinical practice, conventional therapies are more used combination with modern approaches to improve quality patients’ lives. In review, we emphasize how small biological entities, such as viruses, bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoans, microalgae, well their related structural compounds toxins/metabolites/bioactive molecules, can prevent suppress or regulate malignant initiation, progression, metastasis, responses different therapies. All these fighters free-living parasitic nature and, furthermore, protozoans components human animal microbiomes. Recently, polymorphic microbiomes have been recognized new emerging hallmark cancer. Fortunately, there no limit development novel biomedicine. Thus, viral vector-based based on genetically engineered bacteriotherapy, mycotherapy anti-cancer fungal bioactive compounds, use protozoan parasite-derived proteins, nanoarchaeosomes, microalgae-based microrobots oncology, promoting biomimetic biology-inspired strategies maximize diagnostic efficiency, improved life.

Language: Английский

The Gut Mycobiome for Precision Medicine

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 279 - 279

Published: April 2, 2025

The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a vast array of microorganisms, which play essential roles in maintaining metabolic balance and immune function. While bacteria dominate the gut microbiome, fungi represent much smaller, often overlooked fraction. Despite their relatively low abundance, may significantly influence both health disease. Advances next-generation sequencing, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, metabolomics, computational biology have provided novel opportunities to study mycobiome, shedding light on its composition, functional genes, metabolite interactions. Emerging evidence links fungal dysbiosis various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, disorders, neurological conditions. mycobiome also presents promising avenue for precision medicine, particularly biomarker discovery, disease diagnostics, targeted therapeutics. Nonetheless, significant challenges remain effectively integrating knowledge into clinical practice. This review examines microbiota, highlighting analytical methods, associations with potential role medicine. It discusses pathways translation, diagnosis treatment, while addressing key barriers implementation.

Language: Английский