International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(7), P. 2514 - 2514
Published: April 4, 2020
Extracellular
vesicles
act
as
shuttle
vectors
or
signal
transducers
that
can
deliver
specific
biological
information
and
have
progressively
emerged
key
regulators
of
organized
communities
cells
within
multicellular
organisms
in
health
disease.
Here,
we
survey
the
evolutionary
origin,
general
characteristics,
significance
extracellular
mediators
intercellular
signaling,
discuss
various
subtypes
thus
far
described
principal
methodological
approaches
to
their
study,
review
role
tumorigenesis,
immunity,
non-synaptic
neural
communication,
vascular-neural
communication
through
blood-brain
barrier,
renal
pathophysiology,
embryo-fetal/maternal
placenta.
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
7(6), P. 2106 - 2149
Published: May 14, 2021
Exosomes
are
cell-derived
vesicles
containing
heterogeneous
active
biomolecules
such
as
proteins,
lipids,
mRNAs,
receptors,
immune
regulatory
molecules,
and
nucleic
acids.
They
typically
range
in
size
from
30
to
150
nm
diameter.
An
exosome's
surfaces
can
be
bioengineered
with
antibodies,
fluorescent
dye,
peptides,
tailored
for
small
molecule
large
biologics.
have
enormous
potential
a
drug
delivery
vehicle
due
enhanced
biocompatibility,
excellent
payload
capability,
reduced
immunogenicity
compared
alternative
polymeric-based
carriers.
Because
of
targeting
specificity,
exosomes
capable
delivering
their
cargo
exosome-recipient
cells.
Additionally,
potentially
act
early
stage
disease
diagnostic
tools
the
exosome
carries
various
protein
biomarkers
associated
specific
disease.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
recent
progress
on
composition,
biological
characterization,
isolation
techniques.
Finally,
outline
clinical
applications
preclinical
advancement
provide
an
outlook
importance
use
targeted
delivery,
biomarker
study,
vaccine
development.
Journal of Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
19(1)
Published: July 12, 2021
Abstract
Recently,
mesenchymal
stem/stromal
cells
(MSCs)
due
to
their
pro-angiogenic,
anti-apoptotic,
and
immunoregulatory
competencies
along
with
fewer
ethical
issues
are
presented
as
a
rational
strategy
for
regenerative
medicine.
Current
reports
have
signified
that
the
pleiotropic
effects
of
MSCs
not
related
differentiation
potentials,
but
rather
exerted
through
release
soluble
paracrine
molecules.
Being
nano-sized,
non-toxic,
biocompatible,
barely
immunogenic,
owning
targeting
capability
organotropism,
exosomes
considered
nanocarriers
possible
use
in
diagnosis
therapy.
Exosomes
convey
functional
molecules
such
long
non-coding
RNAs
(lncRNAs)
micro-RNAs
(miRNAs),
proteins
(e.g.,
chemokine
cytokine),
lipids
from
target
cells.
They
participate
intercellular
interaction
procedures
enable
repair
damaged
or
diseased
tissues
organs.
Findings
evidenced
alone
liable
beneficial
influences
myriad
experimental
models,
suggesting
MSC-
can
be
utilized
establish
novel
cell-free
therapeutic
treatment
varied
human
disorders,
encompassing
myocardial
infarction
(MI),
CNS-related
musculoskeletal
disorders
(e.g.
arthritis),
kidney
diseases,
liver
lung
well
cutaneous
wounds.
Importantly,
compared
MSCs,
serve
more
steady
entities
reduced
safety
risks
concerning
injection
live
cells,
microvasculature
occlusion
risk.
In
current
review,
we
will
discuss
potential
an
innovative
approach
context
medicine
highlight
recent
knowledge
on
translational
medicine,
focusing
vivo
researches.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12(2), P. 600 - 620
Published: Aug. 12, 2021
The
use
of
small
interfering
RNAs
(siRNAs)
has
been
under
investigation
for
the
treatment
several
unmet
medical
needs,
including
acute
lung
injury/acute
respiratory
distress
syndrome
(ALI/ARDS)
wherein
siRNA
may
be
implemented
to
modify
expression
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
and
chemokines
at
mRNA
level.
properties
such
as
clear
anatomy,
accessibility,
relatively
low
enzyme
activity
make
a
good
target
local
therapy.
However,
translation
is
restricted
by
inefficient
delivery
therapeutics
cells
due
naked
siRNA.
Thus,
this
review
will
focus
on
various
systems
that
can
used
different
barriers
need
surmounted
development
stable
inhalable
formulations
human
before
ALI/ARDS
become
available
in
clinic.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
21(7), P. 2514 - 2514
Published: April 4, 2020
Extracellular
vesicles
act
as
shuttle
vectors
or
signal
transducers
that
can
deliver
specific
biological
information
and
have
progressively
emerged
key
regulators
of
organized
communities
cells
within
multicellular
organisms
in
health
disease.
Here,
we
survey
the
evolutionary
origin,
general
characteristics,
significance
extracellular
mediators
intercellular
signaling,
discuss
various
subtypes
thus
far
described
principal
methodological
approaches
to
their
study,
review
role
tumorigenesis,
immunity,
non-synaptic
neural
communication,
vascular-neural
communication
through
blood-brain
barrier,
renal
pathophysiology,
embryo-fetal/maternal
placenta.
