Nano-Zinc Oxide Can Enhance the Tolerance of Apple Rootstock M9-T337 Seedlings to Saline Alkali Stress by Initiating a Variety of Physiological and Biochemical Pathways

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 233 - 233

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Soil salinization severely restricts the growth and development of crops globally, especially in northwest Loess Plateau, where apples constitute a pillar industry. Nanomaterials, leveraging their unique properties, can facilitate transport nutrients to crops, thereby enhancing plant under stress conditions. To investigate effects nano zinc oxide (ZnO NP) on physiological characteristics apple self-rooted rootstock M9-T337 seedlings saline alkali stress, one-year-old were used as experimental materials ZnO NPs donors for pot experiment. Six treatments set up: CK (normal growth), SA (saline stress,100 mmol/L NaCl + NaHCO3), T1 50 mg/L NPs), T2 100 T3 150 NPs) T4 200 NPs). The results found show that could significantly inhibit seedlings, reduce photosynthetic characteristics, cause ion accumulation trigger osmotic regulation system, endogenous hormone antioxidant system imbalances. However, biomass, height, stem diameter, total leaf area perimeter increased after NP treatment. Specifically speaking, improve capacity by increasing content pigment, regulating intensity chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. balance adjustment contents soluble protein (SP), sugar (SS), proline (Pro) starch, also enhance activities enzymatic (SOD, POD, CAT) non-enzymatic enzymes (APX, AAO, GR, MDHAR) scavenging ability reactive oxygen species (H2O2, O2•−), ultimately reducing oxidative damage; promoted synergistically responding auxin (IAA), gibberellin (GA3), zeatin (ZT) abscisic acid (ABA). Additionally, Na+/K+ ratio was reduced upregulating expression Na+ transporter genes (MdCAX5, MdCHX15, MdSOS1, MdALT1) downregulating K+ (MdSKOR MdNHX4). After comprehensive analysis principal components correlation, (150 treatment possessed best mitigation effect. In summary, NPs(T3) effectively maintain balance, cells promoting defense mechanism, improving alkaline tolerance seedlings.

Language: Английский

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Residual effects of biochar and nano-modified biochar on growth and physiology under saline environment in two different genotype of Oryza sativa L.

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 373, P. 123847 - 123847

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from Achillea millefolium: Multifunctional applications in plant growth and nematode control

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102590 - 102590

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Temporal dynamics of walnut phyllosphere microbiota under synergistic pathogen exposure and environmental perturbation

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 1, 2025

Phyllosphere-associated microbes directly influence plant-pathogen interactions, and the external environment plant shape phyllosphere microbiome. In this study, we integrated 16S rRNA ITS high-throughput sequencing to systematically investigate changes in microbiome between symptomatic asymptomatic walnut leaves affected by spot disease, with consideration of phenological stage progression. Additionally, explored how abiotic (AT, DT, SCTCC & LPDD) biotic factors (Pn Gs) impact microbial communities. Our findings revealed significant differences diversity at same stage. Furthermore, structure function phyllosphere-associated changed as progressed. Fungal taxa that related Plant_Pathogen bacterial KEGG pathway functions Fatty acid biosynthesis Biotin metabolism were increased group. The keystone species driving was Pseudomonas spp., which substantially influenced vs. leaves. Notably, spp. interacted Xanthomonas Pantoea Correlation analysis dew point temperature constituted primary factor community composition, whereas liquid precipitation depth dimension identified dominant shaping fungal taxa. leaf net photosynthetic rate stomatal conductance closely linked These results advance our understanding community-level responses pathogen invasion highlight multifactorial drivers assembly. Ultimately, they contribute predicting managing leaf-related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Weather parameters and biotic factors synergistically shape the phyllosphere microbiome of pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) across annual cycle

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 3, 2025

Phyllosphere microbiome plays important roles in crop adaptation to the changing environments. Perennial woody crops undergo annual cycles with weather parameters and biological factors, which might shape phyllosphere microbial community. In this study, we aimed investigate dynamics of pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.), an economically horticultural worldwide, compare respective contribution biotic factors community assembly, special focus on amino acids leaves. Hi-Seq analysis revealed that both bacterial fungal communities showed cycle dynamics, summer was much different from those other seasons probably due high temperature precipitation. However, (e.g., leaf traits) (12%-29%) assembly higher than (4%-15%). Redundancy indicated significantly affected while sugars community, highlighting differential patterns as by factors. Finally, structure equation model influenced colonizing leaves a direct way indirect via traits (mainly acids). These results demonstrate primary role key shaping microbiome.

Language: Английский

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Electronic Nanomaterials for Plants: A Review on Current Advances and Future Prospects

Advanced Electronic Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2025

Abstract Global food security faces increasing challenges due to population growth, climate change, and the loss of arable land. To meet growing demand for food, innovative solutions are essential. Enhancing plant photosynthesis stress tolerance represents a promising strategy boost crop yields reduce vulnerability environmental stressors. Electronic nanomaterials have emerged as transformative technology address these issues. Their ability encapsulate bioactive substances, green fertilizers, nutrients, while controlling their release, offers significant advantages over traditional methods such chemical fertilizers conventional breeding. can enhance nutrient uptake, biomass production, photosynthetic efficiency, resilience biotic abiotic stresses in sustainable manner. This review explores role metals, metal oxides, metal‐organic frameworks, carbon‐based improving agricultural productivity. It also highlights microfluidics complementary testing optimizing key processes. Microfluidics develop transport models, improve understanding compartments, minimize side effects. By integrating nanotechnology with advanced tools like microfluidics, agriculture adopt practices challenges. synergy fosters productivity, paving way solutions.

Language: Английский

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The role of rhizosphere microbial community structure in the growth and development of different tea cultivars

Applied Soil Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 206, P. 105817 - 105817

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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