Published: May 1, 2025
Language: Английский
ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 17, 2025
Immunotherapy is a critical modality in cancer treatment with diverse activation pathways. In recent years, the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway has exhibited significant potential tumor immunotherapy. This exerts notable antitumor effects by activating innate and adaptive immunity regulating immune microenvironment. Various metal ions have been identified as effective activators STING and, through design synthesis nanodelivery platforms, applied immunotherapy well combination therapies, such chemotherapy, chemodynamic therapy, photodynamic vaccines. Metal nanomaterials showcase unique advantages immunotherapy; however, there are still aspects that require optimization. review systematically examines existing metal-based nanomaterials, elaborates on mechanisms which different activate pathway, discusses their application models therapies. We also provide comparative analysis over other methods. Our exploration highlights broad prospects treatment, offering new insights directions for advancement
Language: Английский
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Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 371 - 371
Published: March 31, 2025
Low antigen immunogenicity poses a significant challenge in vaccine development, often leading to inadequate immune responses and reduced efficacy. Therefore, the discovery of potent immune-enhancing adjuvants is crucial. STING (stimulator interferon genes) agonists are promising class which have been identified various cells activated response DNA fragments, triggering broad range type-I interferon-dependent responses. Integrating with components an ideal strategy bolster vaccine-induced immunity infections cancer cells. Several currently under investigation preclinical studies clinical trials; however, some shown limited efficacy, while others exhibit off-target effects. To ensure safety, they typically delivered carriers that high biocompatibility insolubility. In this review, we present latest research on natural synthetic effectively used summarize their application adjuvant preventive therapeutic vaccines. Additionally, discuss safety as by reviewing potential delivery strategies. Overall, incorporating into formulations represents advancement significantly enhance improve However, ongoing still required identify most effective safe strategies for agonists, well evaluate long-term efficacy trials.
Language: Английский
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Polymer science & technology., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 30, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Published: May 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0