Pre-Type 1 Diabetes in Adolescents and Teens: Screening, Nutritional Interventions, Beta-Cell Preservation, and Psychosocial Impacts

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 383 - 383

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a progressive autoimmune disease often identified in childhood or adolescence, with early stages detectable through pre-diabetic markers such as autoantibodies and subclinical beta-cell dysfunction. The identification of the pre-T1D stage critical for preventing complications, diabetic ketoacidosis, enabling timely interventions that may alter progression. This review examines multifaceted approach to managing T1D risk adolescents teens, emphasizing detection, nutritional interventions, preservation strategies, psychosocial support. Screening T1D-associated offers predictive insight into risk, particularly when combined education family resources promote lifestyle adjustments. Although alone are not capable T1D, certain weight management specific choices, have shown potential preserve insulin sensitivity, reduce inflammation, mitigate metabolic strain. Pharmacological including immune-modulating drugs like teplizumab, alongside emerging regenerative cell-based therapies, offer delay onset by protecting function. social psychological impacts diagnosis also significant, affecting adolescents' quality life, dynamics, mental health. Supportive counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), group support, recommended emotional burden pre-diabetes. Future directions call integrating universal targeted screening programs within schools primary care, advancing research nutrition promoting policies enhance access preventive resources. Advocacy insurance coverage screening, health services crucial support families risk. By addressing these areas, healthcare systems can intervention, improve preservation, overall well-being at T1D.

Language: Английский

MXene‐Based Photothermal‐Responsive Injectable Hydrogel Microsphere Modulates Physicochemical Microenvironment to Alleviate Osteoarthritis

Smart Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(2)

Published: April 13, 2025

ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) is a physical lubrication microenvironment‐inadequate disease accompanied by sustained chronic chemical inflammation microenvironment and the progression of articular cartilage destruction. Despite promising OA treatment outcomes observed in enhancement inspired ball bearings to reduce friction support loads, therapeutic effect near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation‐based photothermal‐responsive controlled release “smart hydrogel microspheres” on remains unclear. Here, we prepared MXene/NIPIAM‐based injectable microspheres encapsulating diclofenac sodium using microfluidic system. Consequently, NIR demonstrate beneficial effects modulating microenvironment, laying foundation for application smart microsphere delivery systems loaded with bioactive factors (including agents, cells, factors) regulate multiple pathological microenvironments regenerative medicine.

Language: Английский