Versatile Nanomaterials That Interfere with Ferroptosis in the Tumor Microenvironment

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 20, P. 2461 - 2473

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent programmed cell death characterized by depletion glutathione. Although generally less harmful to normal cells, in tumor the high demand for iron ions provides conditions conducive ferroptosis. In this review, we provide an overview recent progress research on regulation ferroptosis summarizing and assessing current state, trends, applications nanomaterials cells. Given advantages terms targeting, safety, improved drug efficacy, reduced side effects, these materials are considered have potential therapeutic value modulating cells via different mechanisms. respect, describe methods modifying interfering with glutathione activity lipid peroxidation. The development that can be applied induce or inhibit anticipated new options treatment diverse range diseases.

Language: Английский

Fighting Cancer with Photodynamic Therapy and Nanotechnologies: Current Challenges and Future Directions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 2969 - 2969

Published: March 25, 2025

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an innovative treatment that has recently been approved for clinical use and holds promise cancer patients. It offers several benefits, such as low systemic toxicity, minimal invasiveness, the ability to stimulate antitumor immune responses. For certain types of cancer, it shown positive results with few side effects. However, PDT still faces some challenges, including limited light penetration into deeper tumor tissues, uneven distribution photosensitizer (PS) can also affect healthy cells, difficulties posed by hypoxic microenvironment (TME). In conditions, PDT's effectiveness reduced due insufficient production reactive oxygen species, which limits destruction lead relapse. This review highlights recent advances in photosensitizers nanotechnologies are being developed improve PDT. focuses on multifunctional nanoplatforms nanoshuttles have preclinical studies, especially treating solid tumors. One key areas focus development PSs specifically target mitochondria treat deep-seated malignant New mitochondria-targeting nano-PSs designed better water solubility extended wavelength ranges, allowing them tumors more effectively, even challenging, environments. These advancements opening new doors treatment, when combined other therapeutic strategies. Moving forward, research should optimizing PDT, creating efficient drug delivery systems, developing smarter platforms. Ultimately, these efforts aim make a first-choice option

Language: Английский

Tumor microenvironment and immune-related myositis: addressing muscle wasting in cancer immunotherapy

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 2, 2025

Cancer immunotherapy, which leverages the immune system to target neoplastic cells, has undergone significant transformation in recent. However, immunotherapy may have negative effects on skeletal muscle function, causing wasting and functional decline cancer patients. In this study, we review mechanisms by influences muscle, focusing immune-related myositis, inflammation, metabolic alterations within tumor microenvironment (TME). The key methodologies, including biomechanical assessment techniques such as electrical impedance myography ultrasound imaging, are discussed provide valuable insights into process that maintain integrity function patients receiving immunotherapy. Moreover, dual of suppression damage described, revealing significance inflammatory cytokines, checkpoints, disturbances TME. Importantly, propose combination therapies integrating nutritional interventions or anti-inflammatory potential approaches for mitigating wasting. This study highlights need deeper investigations optimize improve its efficacy preserving health, thereby improving patient outcomes quality life.

Language: Английский