Reprogramming of Glucose Metabolism by Nanocarriers to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy: Recent Advances and Applications

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 20, P. 4201 - 4234

Published: April 1, 2025

Although immunotherapy has made significant progress in cancer treatment, its limited responsiveness greatly hindered widespread clinical application. The Warburg effect tumor cells creates a microenvironment (TME) characterized by hypoxia, low glucose levels, and high lactate which severely inhibits the antitumor immune response. Consequently, targeting metabolism to reprogram TME is considered an effective strategy for reversing immunosuppression evasion. Numerous studies have been conducted on enhancing efficacy through delivery of modulators via nanocarriers. This review provides comprehensive overview metabolic characteristics tumors their impacts system, as well nanodelivery strategies enhance immunotherapy. These include inhibiting key glycolytic enzymes, blocking transporters, utilizing oxidase oxidase. Furthermore, this article reviews recent advancements synergistic therapy involving metabolism-targeted combined with other treatments, such chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT), phototherapy, Finally, we discuss limitations future prospects nanotechnology therapy, hoping provide new directions ideas improve

Language: Английский

Stealth Missiles with Precision Guidance: A Novel Multifunctional Nano-Drug Delivery System Based on Biomimetic Cell Membrane Coating Technology

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101922 - 101922

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Tuning the Functional Properties of Nanocarriers Using Tunable Nano‐Biointerfaces

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 1, 2025

Abstract Tuning the functional properties of nanocarriers has gained increasing interest in recent years as a key strategy to accelerate clinical translation nanomedicine. Once come into contact with biological fluid such blood, interactions occur at nanocarrier/biological interface that alter identity nanocarriers. As knowledge this field is rapidly evolving, review highlights some latest developments (2021 early 2025) and covers significant findings nano‐biointerface. Specifically, current obstacles achieving goal targeting are addressed emphasis on formation impact adsorbed proteins, so‐called protein corona. The strategies overcome these explored by rational design using biomimetic coatings (proteins membranes) enhance favorable between systems. challenges problems related gold standard (poly(ethylene glycol)ylation), availability for proteins (functionalization, structural integrity), etc., alternatives discussed. Finally, future perspectives discussed facilitate

Language: Английский