International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4277 - 4277

Published: April 30, 2025

Plant-derived small RNAs (sRNAs) have garnered significant attention in nucleic acid therapeutics, driven by their distinctive cross-kingdom regulatory capabilities and extensive therapeutic promise. These sRNAs exhibit a wide range of pharmacological effects, including pulmonary protection, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antitumor activities, underscoring substantial potential for clinical translation. A key advantage lies delivery, facilitated plant-specific nanovesicular carriers—such as plant exosomes, herbal decoctosomes, bencaosomes—which protect from gastrointestinal degradation enable precise, tissue-specific targeting. This review provides comprehensive analysis plant-derived sRNAs, detailing classification, gene-silencing mechanisms, nanovesicle-mediated delivery strategies. It further explores underlying molecular mechanisms major human diseases. Additionally, we critically evaluate current technical challenges propose future directions to advance the development precision therapeutics. work aims offer robust theoretical framework practical guidance advancement sRNA-based therapies.

Language: Английский