Journal of Oncology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2022, P. 1 - 20
Published: June 25, 2022
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
can
be
developed
into
an
important
arsenal
against
cancer;
it
is
a
minimally
invasive
therapy,
which
used
in
the
treatment
or/and
palliation
of
variety
cancers
and
benign
diseases.
The
removal
cancerous
tissue
achieved
with
use
photosensitizer
light
source,
excites
photosensitizer.
This
excitation
causes
to
generate
singlet
oxygen
other
reactive
species.
PDT
has
been
several
types
including
nonmelanoma
skin
cancer,
bladder
esophageal
head
neck
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC).
Although
routinely
not
widely
adopted
solid
due
lack
clinical
data
showing
superiority
over
forms
treatment.
Singlet
alter
activity
catalase,
induces
immunomodulation
through
HOCl
signaling.
induce
apoptosis
both
extrinsic
intrinsic
pathways.
pathway
starts
activation
Fas
receptor
by
that
leads
caspase-7
caspase-3.
In
case
pathway,
disruption
caused
mitochondria
membrane
release
cytochrome
c,
binds
APAF-1
procaspase-9,
forming
complex,
activates
Mechanisms
action
vary
according
organelles
affected.
plasma
membrane,
oxidative
stress
leading
intake
calcium
ions,
swelling
rupture
cells
excess
water,
whereas
lysosome
cathepsins
B
D,
cleave
Bid
tBid,
changes
mitochondrial
outer
permeability
(MOMP).
Oxidative
misfolding
protein
endoplasmic
reticulum.
When
exceeds
threshold,
triggers
unfolding
response
(UPR),
caspase-9
Finally,
p38
MAPK
works
as
alternative
for
induction
MOMP.
British Journal of Cancer,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
122(2), P. 168 - 181
Published: Dec. 10, 2019
Driver
mutations
in
oncogenic
pathways,
rewiring
of
cellular
metabolism
and
altered
ROS
homoeostasis
are
intimately
connected
hallmarks
cancer.
Electrons
derived
from
different
metabolic
processes
channelled
into
the
mitochondrial
electron
transport
chain
(ETC)
to
fuel
oxidative
phosphorylation
process.
leaking
ETC
can
prematurely
react
with
oxygen,
resulting
generation
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS).
Several
signalling
pathways
affected
by
ROS,
which
act
as
second
messengers
controlling
cell
proliferation
survival.
On
other
hand,
hijack
ETC,
enhancing
its
ROS-producing
capacity
increasing
flow
or
impinging
on
structure
organisation
ETC.
In
this
review,
we
focus
a
source
modulation
generates
vicious
cycle
that
resets
levels
higher
homoeostatic
set
point,
sustaining
cancer
phenotype.
Stresses,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2(3), P. 256 - 274
Published: July 25, 2022
Hydrogen
peroxide
(H2O2)
is
a
compound
involved
in
some
mammalian
reactions
and
processes.
It
modulates
signals
the
redox
metabolism
of
cells
by
acting
as
messenger
together
with
hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S)
nitric
oxide
radical
(•NO),
activating
specific
oxidations
that
determine
metabolic
response.
The
reaction
triggered
determines
cell
survival
or
apoptosis,
depending
on
which
downstream
pathways
are
activated.
There
several
ways
to
produce
H2O2
cells,
cellular
systems
tightly
control
its
concentration.
At
level,
accumulation
can
trigger
inflammation
even
when
concentration
blood
reaches
toxic
levels,
it
lead
bioenergetic
failure.
This
review
summarizes
existing
research
from
chemical
perspective
role
various
enzymatic
how
this
biochemistry
leads
physiological
pathological
responses.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
50(8), P. 4872 - 4931
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
This
review
comprehensively
summarises
stimulus-cleavable
linkers
from
various
research
areas
and
their
cleavage
mechanisms,
thus
provides
an
insightful
guideline
to
extend
potential
applications
controlled
drug
release
nanomaterials.
Journal of Oncology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2022, P. 1 - 20
Published: June 25, 2022
Photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
can
be
developed
into
an
important
arsenal
against
cancer;
it
is
a
minimally
invasive
therapy,
which
used
in
the
treatment
or/and
palliation
of
variety
cancers
and
benign
diseases.
The
removal
cancerous
tissue
achieved
with
use
photosensitizer
light
source,
excites
photosensitizer.
This
excitation
causes
to
generate
singlet
oxygen
other
reactive
species.
PDT
has
been
several
types
including
nonmelanoma
skin
cancer,
bladder
esophageal
head
neck
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC).
Although
routinely
not
widely
adopted
solid
due
lack
clinical
data
showing
superiority
over
forms
treatment.
Singlet
alter
activity
catalase,
induces
immunomodulation
through
HOCl
signaling.
induce
apoptosis
both
extrinsic
intrinsic
pathways.
pathway
starts
activation
Fas
receptor
by
that
leads
caspase-7
caspase-3.
In
case
pathway,
disruption
caused
mitochondria
membrane
release
cytochrome
c,
binds
APAF-1
procaspase-9,
forming
complex,
activates
Mechanisms
action
vary
according
organelles
affected.
plasma
membrane,
oxidative
stress
leading
intake
calcium
ions,
swelling
rupture
cells
excess
water,
whereas
lysosome
cathepsins
B
D,
cleave
Bid
tBid,
changes
mitochondrial
outer
permeability
(MOMP).
Oxidative
misfolding
protein
endoplasmic
reticulum.
When
exceeds
threshold,
triggers
unfolding
response
(UPR),
caspase-9
Finally,
p38
MAPK
works
as
alternative
for
induction
MOMP.
