Next-Generation Immunotherapy: Advancing Clinical Applications in Cancer Treatment DOI Open Access
Pankaj Kumar Garg, Siddhika Pareek, Prakash Kulkarni

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 6537 - 6537

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Next-generation immunotherapies have revolutionized cancer treatment, offering hope for patients with hard-to-treat tumors. This review focuses on the clinical applications and advancements of key immune-based therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell therapy, new vaccines designed to harness system combat malignancies. A prime example is success pembrolizumab in treatment advanced melanoma, underscoring transformative impact these therapies. Combination treatments, integrating immunotherapy chemotherapy, radiation, targeted are demonstrating synergistic benefits improving patient outcomes. also explores evolving role personalized immunotherapy, guided by biomarkers, genomic data, tumor environment, better target individual Although significant progress has been made, challenges such as resistance, side effects, high costs persist. Technological innovations, nanotechnology artificial intelligence, explored future enablers The evaluates trials, breakthroughs, emerging immune-modulating agents delivery systems that hold great promise enhancing efficacy, reducing toxicity, expanding access immunotherapy. In conclusion, this highlights ongoing reshaping care, strategies poised overcome current further extend therapeutic reach.

Language: Английский

Chronic inflammation, cancer development and immunotherapy DOI Creative Commons

Yalei Wen,

Ying‐Jie Zhu, Caishi Zhang

et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

Chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in cancer development. Cancer cells interact with adjacent cellular components (pro-inflammatory cells, intrinsic immune stromal etc.) and non-cellular to form the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME). Interleukin 6 (IL-6), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), checkpoint factors other pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by TME are main mediators of intercellular communication TME, which link chronic stimulating different oncogenic signaling pathways improving escape promote In parallel, ability monocytes, T regulatory (Tregs) B (Bregs) perform homeostatic tolerogenic functions is hijacked leading local or systemic immunosuppression. Standard treatments for advanced malignancies such as chemotherapy radiotherapy have improved last decades. However, clinical outcomes certain malignant cancers not satisfactory due drug resistance side effects. The application therapy (ICT) has brought hope treatment, although therapeutic efficacy still limited immunosuppressive microenvironment. Emerging evidences reveal that ideal therapies including clearance disruption tumor-induced immunosuppression targeting suppressive well reactivation anti-tumor ICT. Here, we review impacts major their downstream molecules on We also discuss important management cancer.

Language: Английский

Citations

103
Exploring the crosstalk between endothelial cells, immune cells, and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment: new insights and therapeutic implications DOI Creative Commons

Jian-Wen Fang,

Yue Lu,

Jingyan Zheng

et al.

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(9)

Published: Sept. 4, 2023

Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly intricate milieu, comprising multitude of components, including immune cells and stromal cells, that exert profound influence on initiation progression. Within the TME, angiogenesis predominantly orchestrated by endothelial (ECs), which foster proliferation metastasis malignant cells. interplay between with ECs complex can either bolster or hinder system. Thus, comprehensive understanding crosstalk essential to advance development immunotherapeutic interventions. Despite recent progress, underlying molecular mechanisms govern remain elusive. Nevertheless, immunomodulatory function has emerged as pivotal determinant response. In light this, study relationship checkpoints garnered considerable attention in field immunotherapy. By targeting specific pathways signaling molecules associated novel strategies may be devised enhance efficacy current treatments. this vein, we sought elucidate ECs, ultimate goal identifying therapeutic targets charting new avenues for

Language: Английский

Citations

87
Recent Advances and Challenges in Cancer Immunotherapy DOI Open Access

Chelsea Peterson,

Nathan Denlinger, Yiping Yang

et al.

Cancers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(16), P. 3972 - 3972

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of oncology in recent years. Harnessing immune system to treat cancer led a large growth number novel immunotherapeutic strategies, including checkpoint inhibition, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and vaccination. In this review, we will discuss current landscape immuno-oncology research, with focus on elements that influence outcomes. We also highlight advances basic aspects tumor immunology, particular, role immunosuppressive cells within microenvironment regulating antitumor immunity. Lastly, how understanding immunology can lead development new strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

81
Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Immunotherapy DOI Open Access
Mateusz Kciuk, Esam Bashir Yahya,

Montaha Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed

et al.

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 2721 - 2721

Published: May 11, 2023

Cancer is among the current leading causes of death worldwide, despite novel advances that have been made toward its treatment, it still considered a major public health concern. Considering both serious impact cancer on and significant side effects complications conventional therapeutic options, strategies towards targeted therapy must be enhanced to avoid undesired toxicity. immunotherapy has become preferable researchers in recent years compared such as chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy. The understanding how control immune checkpoints, develop vaccines, genetically modify cells well enhance activation antitumor response led development treatments. In this review, we address molecular mechanisms. Different immunotherapeutic approaches are critically discussed, focusing challenges, potential risks, prospects involving their use.

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Review of the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Context of Cancer Treatment DOI Open Access
Norah A. Alturki

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(13), P. 4301 - 4301

Published: June 27, 2023

Checkpoint proteins are an integral part of the immune system and used by tumor cells to evade response, which helps them grow uncontrollably. By blocking these proteins, checkpoint inhibitors can restore capability attack cancer stop their growth. These findings backed adequate clinical trial data presently, several FDA-approved exist in market for treating various types cancers, including melanoma, hepatocellular, endometrial, lung, kidney others. Their mode action is inhibition targeting CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1, etc. They be alone as well amalgamation with other treatments, like surgery, radiation or chemotherapy. Since drugs target only specific side effects reduced comparison traditional chemotherapy drugs, but may still cause a few affects fatigue, skin rashes, fever. In rare cases, known have caused more serious effects, such cardiotoxicity, inflammation intestines lungs. Herein, we provide overview role biomarkers, immune-related adverse outcomes studies treatment present some future perspectives.

Language: Английский

Citations

58
Diversity of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy DOI Creative Commons

Zhangyan Guo,

Rui Zhang, Angang Yang

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 7, 2023

Finding effective treatments for cancer remains a challenge. Recent studies have found that the mechanisms of tumor evasion are becoming increasingly diverse, including abnormal expression immune checkpoint molecules on different cells, in particular T natural killer macrophages and others. In this review, we discuss with enhanced these lymphocytes their consequences effector functions. Dissecting diverse roles checkpoints cells is crucial full understanding immunotherapy using inhibitors.

Language: Английский

Citations

45
CAR-T and CAR-NK as cellular cancer immunotherapy for solid tumors DOI Creative Commons
Lei Peng, Giacomo Sferruzza,

Luojia Yang

et al.

Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(10), P. 1089 - 1108

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Abstract In the past decade, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic approach for combating cancers, demonstrating remarkable efficacy in relapsed/refractory hematological malignancies both pediatric and adult patients. CAR-natural killer (CAR-NK) complements CAR-T by offering several distinct advantages. CAR-NK cells do not require HLA compatibility exhibit low safety concerns. Moreover, are conducive to “off-the-shelf” therapeutics, providing significant logistic advantages over cells. Both have shown consistent results malignancies. However, their against solid tumors remains limited due various obstacles including tumor trafficking infiltration, well an immuno-suppressive microenvironment. this review, we discuss recent advances current challenges of immunotherapies, with specific focus on application tumors. We also analyze depth drawbacks compared highlight CAR optimization. Finally, explore future perspectives these adoptive highlighting increasing contribution cutting-edge biotechnological tools shaping next generation cellular immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Immunotherapy for glioblastoma: current state, challenges, and future perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Yang Liu, Zhou Fei, Heba Ali

et al.

Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(12), P. 1354 - 1375

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and lethal type of brain tumor in human adults. The standard care offers minimal clinical benefit, most GBM patients experience recurrence after treatment. In recent years, significant advancements have been made the development novel immunotherapies or other therapeutic strategies that can overcome immunotherapy resistance many advanced cancers. However, benefit immune-based treatments limited because unique immune profiles, cell heterogeneity, immunosuppressive microenvironment. this review, we present a detailed overview current immunotherapeutic discuss challenges potential molecular mechanisms underlying GBM. Furthermore, provide in-depth discussion regarding GBM, which will likely require combination therapies.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Network-based drug repurposing identifies small molecule drugs as immune checkpoint inhibitors for endometrial cancer DOI
Faheem Ahmed,

Anupama Samantasinghar,

Wajid Ali

et al.

Molecular Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Regulatory T cells in immune checkpoint blockade antitumor therapy DOI Creative Commons

An Zhang,

Tao Fan,

Yixiao Liu

et al.

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Nov. 8, 2024

Regulatory T cells (Tregs), an essential component of the human immune system, are a heterogeneous group lymphocytes with ability to suppress responses and maintain homeostasis. Recent evidence indicates that Tregs may impair antitumor immunity facilitate cancer progression by weakening functions effector (Teffs). Consequently, targeting eliminate them from tumor microenvironments improve Teffs' activity could emerge as effective strategy for immunotherapy. This review outlines biology Tregs, detailing their origins, classification, crucial markers. Our focus lies on complex role in cancer's development, treatment, particularly suppressive upon via multiple mechanisms. We delve into Tregs' involvement checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, dual effect immunotherapy potential biomarkers ICB therapy effectiveness. also summarize advances therapies adjust optimize which be devising innovative treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

17