Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: Oct. 22, 2024
Introduction
Mesenchymal
stem
cell-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(MSC
EVs)
hold
significant
promise
for
regenerative
medicine.
Lyophilization
of
EVs
significantly
enhances
their
translational
potential.
While,
lyophilized
have
been
studied
from
a
morphological
perspective,
the
functional
stability
these
and
cargo
following
lyophilization
need
to
be
mechanistically
investigated.
Methods
In
this
study,
we
investigated
mechanistic
bioactivity
fresh
versus
MSC
EVs,
specifically
focusing
on
functionally
engineered
osteoinductive
developed
in
our
laboratory.
We
utilized
dimethyl
sulfoxide
(DMSO)
as
cryoprotectant
conducted
pathway-specific
vitro
vivo
experiments
assess
functionality
EVs.
Results
Our
findings
show
that
using
DMSO
before
preserves
demonstrated
endocytosis,
integrity,
activity
were
maintained
when
was
used
cryoprotectant.
Additionally,
bone
regeneration
studies
revealed
cryoprotected
comparable
freshly
isolated
Discussion
These
results
provide
foundation
evaluating
exploring
use
other
cryoprotectants
EV-based
therapies.
Understanding
naïve
perspective
may
enhance
validation
approaches
tissue
strategies.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(5), P. 2354 - 2354
Published: March 6, 2025
In
recent
years,
there
has
been
a
dynamic
development
in
therapies
utilizing
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
including
exosomes.
Therefore,
we
have
conducted
an
analysis
of
the
scientific
literature
to
verify
current
state
knowledge
about
these
therapies.
A
total
12
clinical
studies
were
analyzed,
covering
use
EVs
treating
skin
aging,
acne
scars,
alopecia,
and
wound
healing.
The
results
indicate
that
exosomes
hold
potential
regenerative
therapies,
offering
innovative
non-invasive
therapeutic
approaches.
At
same
time,
significant
challenges
related
standardization
their
production
lack
large-scale
randomized
identified.
Thus,
also
evaluated
investigated
trials
regard
MISEV
(Minimal
Information
for
Studies
Extracellular
Vesicles)
criteria.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
overview
contemporary
applications
therapy
medicine,
highlighting
directions
further
research.
Microorganisms,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(3), P. 636 - 636
Published: March 11, 2025
Living
organisms
must
adapt
and
communicate
effectively
in
their
environment
to
survive.
Cells
through
various
mechanisms,
including
releasing
growth
factors,
chemokines,
small
bioactive
molecules,
cell–cell
contact.
In
recent
years,
a
new
sophisticated
cell
communication
mechanism
based
on
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
has
been
described
all
three
domains
of
life:
archaea,
bacteria,
eukaryotes.
EVs
are
small,
bilayer
proteolipid
released
by
cells
into
the
space.
This
review
aims
analyze
compare
current
literature
bacterial,
archaeal,
eukaryotic
possible
clinical
applications.
framework
will
address
key
points:
(a)
The
role
eukaryotes,
archaea.
(b)
What
is
impact
archaea
disease?
(c)
How
use
with
other
(bacteria/eukaryotes).
F1000Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11, P. 292 - 292
Published: April 23, 2025
Background
In
previous
studies
we
have
shown
that
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
replicates
in
vitro
in
bacterial
growth
medium,
the
viral
replication
follows
growth,
and
it
is
influenced
by
administration
of
specific
antibiotics.
These
observations
are
compatible
with
a
‘bacteriophage-like’
behaviour
SARS-CoV-2.
Methods
We
further
elaborated
on
these
unusual
findings
here
present
results
three
different
supplementary
experiments:
(1)
an
electron-microscope
analysis
samples
bacteria
obtained
from
faecal
sample
subject
positive
to
SARS-CoV-2;
(2)
mass
spectrometric
cultures
assess
eventual
de
novo
synthesis
SARS-CoV-2
spike
protein;
(3)
sequencing
collected
plaques
two
gut
microbial
inoculated
supernatant
microbiota
individual
Results
Immuno-labelling
Anti-SARS-CoV-2
nucleocapsid
protein
antibody
confirmed
presence
both
outside
inside
bacteria.
De
novo
was
observed,
as
evidence
RNA
translated
cultures.
addition,
phage-like
were
spotted
after
inoculation
Bioinformatic
analyses
reads
extracted
revealed
nucleic
acid
polymorphisms,
suggesting
environment
Conclusions
Based
conclude
that,
addition
its
well-documented
interactions
eukaryotic
cells,
may
act
bacteriophage
when
interacting
at
least
species
known
be
human
microbiota.
If
hypothesis
proposed,
i.e.,
under
certain
conditions
multiply
expense
bacteria,
substantiated,
would
drastically
change
model
acting
infecting
SARS-CoV-2,
most
likely
other
pathogenic
viruses.
Microorganisms,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(3), P. 531 - 531
Published: March 6, 2024
Atopic
dermatitis
(AD)
is
a
chronic
and
relapsing
inflammatory
cutaneous
disease.
The
role
of
host
defense
microbial
virulence
factors
in
Staphylococcus
aureus
skin
colonization,
infection,
inflammation
perpetuation
AD
remains
an
area
current
research
focus.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EV)
mediate
cell-to-cell
communication
by
transporting
delivering
bioactive
molecules,
such
as
nucleic
acids,
proteins,
enzymes,
to
recipient
cells.
spontaneously
secretes
extracellular
(SA-derived
EVs),
which
spread
throughout
the
layers.
Previous
has
shown
that
SA-derived
EVs
from
patients
can
trigger
cytokine
secretion
keratinocytes,
shape
recruitment
neutrophils
monocytes,
induce
AD-type
lesions
mouse
models,
addition
their
exogenous
worsening
for
In
this
review
article,
we
aim
examine
physiopathology
its
progression,
highlighting
recent
field
exploring
potential
crosstalk
between
microbiota.
Deleted Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(1)
Published: May 13, 2024
Early‑life
development
has
a
direct
effect
on
the
long‑term
health
of
an
individual.
Some
main
processes
influencing
early‑life
are
epigenetic
modifications,
i.e.,
mechanisms
that
promote
changes
in
gene
expression
context
same
DNA
sequence,
and
human
microbiota,
living
organisms
located
or
within
humans
with
prime
examples
being
microorganisms
gastrointestinal
system.
These
can
be
mediated
by
extracellular
vesicles,
which
essential
agents
cell‑to‑cell
communications.
Exosomes,
subgroup
particular
interest
early
life,
since
they
have
been
shown
to
associated
infant
immune
response,
neuronal
function
metabolism.
The
present
review
summarizes
latest
literature
effects
modifications
microbiota
development,
discusses
through
exosomes
may
mediate
such
changes.
A
special
mention
is
also
made
breast
milk,
several
benefits
feeding
could
potentially
linked
it
contains.
In
marine
ecosystems
communication
among
microorganisms
is
crucial
since
the
distance
significant
if
considered
on
a
microbial
scale.
One
of
ways
used
by
microorganism
cells
to
reduce
this
gap
production
extracellular
vesicles.
Marine
bacteria
release
vesicles
(EVs),
small
membrane-bound
structures
50
250
nm
diameter,
into
their
surrounding
environment.
The
contain
various
cellular
compounds,
including
lipids,
proteins,
nucleic
acids,
and
glycans.
EVs
may
mediate
between
in
aquatic
environments
thus
influencing
ecosystem
function
determining
structure
composition
populations.
This
review
will
focus
bacterial
analysing
structure,
composition,
functions,
applications.
Marine Drugs,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(8), P. 363 - 363
Published: Aug. 9, 2024
In
marine
ecosystems,
communication
among
microorganisms
is
crucial
since
the
distance
significant
if
considered
on
a
microbial
scale.
One
of
ways
to
reduce
this
gap
through
production
extracellular
vesicles,
which
can
transport
molecules
guarantee
nutrients
cells.
Marine
bacteria
release
vesicles
(EVs),
small
membrane-bound
structures
40
nm
1
µm
diameter,
into
their
surrounding
environment.
The
contain
various
cellular
compounds,
including
lipids,
proteins,
nucleic
acids,
and
glycans.
EVs
may
contribute
dissolved
organic
carbon,
thus
facilitating
heterotroph
growth.
This
review
will
focus
bacterial
EVs,
analyzing
structure,
composition,
functions,
applications.
Mesenchymal
stem
cell
derived
extracellular
vesicles
(MSC
EVs)
possess
immense
therapeutic
potential.
Over
the
past
several
years
many
groups
have
identified
unique
ways
to
engineer
these
EVs
for
pathway
specific
activity.
Our
laboratory
has
characterized
EV
bioactivity
mechanistically
as
well
devised
approaches
regenerative
medicine
applications.
For
advances
be
clinically
relevant,
translational
therapeutics
need
evaluated
and
established.
Long-term
stability
storage
of
purified
is
one
major
hurdles
facing
translation
therapeutics.
Lyophilization/freeze
drying
way
preserve
at
room
temperature.
To
achieve
this
without
damage
membranes,
multiple
studies
various
cryoprotectants
freezing
lyophilization.
While
focused
extensively
on
biophysical
characterization
lyophilized
EVs,
functional,
mechanistic
in
vivo
functionality
remained
severely
understudied.
Using
functionally
engineered
osteoinductive
developed
our
laboratory,
study,
we
endeavored
compare
functional
fresh
vitro
using
dimethyl
sulfoxide
(DMSO)
a
cryoprotectant.
Results
presented
here
highlight
ability
DMSO
maintain
serve
baseline
its
potential
Future
can
focus
expanding
knowledge
test
other
naïve
regeneration
tissues.
