Journal of Central Nervous System Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Oct. 23, 2024
The
field
of
cancer
neuroscience
has
rapidly
evolved,
shedding
light
on
the
complex
interplay
between
nervous
system
and
cancer,
with
a
particular
focus
relationship
central
(CNS)
gliomas.
Recent
advancements
have
underscored
critical
influence
CNS
activity
glioma
progression,
emphasizing
roles
neurons
neuroglial
cells
in
both
onset
evolution
This
review
meticulously
explores
primary
communication
pathways
gliomas,
encompassing
neuro-glioma
synapses,
paracrine
mechanisms,
extracellular
vesicles,
tunneling
nanotubes,
integrative
CNS-immune-glioma
axis.
It
also
evaluates
current
emerging
therapeutic
interventions
aimed
at
these
proposes
forward-looking
perspectives
for
research
this
domain.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 3, 2025
The
crosstalk
between
immunity
and
cancer
in
the
regulation
of
tumor
growth
is
considered
a
hallmark
cancer.
Antitumor
refers
to
innate
adaptive
immune
responses
that
regulate
development
proliferation.
Tumor
evasion
represents
major
hindrance
effective
anticancer
treatment.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
nano-sized
lipid-bilayer-enclosed
particles
secreted
extracellular
space
by
all
cell
types.
They
critically
involved
numerous
biological
functions
including
intercellular
communication.
Tumor-derived
(TEVs)
can
transport
variety
cargo
modulate
cells
microenvironment
(TME).
This
review
provides
latest
update
about
how
evade
surveillance
exploiting
TEVs.
First,
biogenesis
EVs
cargo-sorting
machinery
discussed.
Second,
differentiation,
activation,
function
via
TEVs
illustrated.
Last
but
not
least,
novel
antitumor
strategies
reverse
escape
summarized.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Oct. 16, 2024
Exosomes
(EXO)
play
crucial
roles
in
intercellular
communication
and
glioma
microenvironment
modulation.
Tumor-associated
macrophages
are
more
likely
to
become
M2-like
type
the
immunosuppressive
microenvironment.
Here,
we
aimed
investigate
effects
molecular
mechanisms
of
hypoxic
glioma-derived
exosomes
mediated
macrophage
polarization.
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
45(1)
Published: April 7, 2025
The
canonical
cyclic
GMP-AMP
(cGAMP)
synthase
(cGAS)-Stimulator
of
Interferon
Genes
(STING)
pathway
has
been
widely
recognized
as
a
crucial
mediator
inflammation
in
many
diseases,
including
tumors,
infections,
and
tissue
damage.
STING
signaling
can
also
be
activated
cGAS-
or
cGAMP-independent
manner,
although
the
specific
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
In-depth
studies
on
structural
molecular
biology
have
led
to
development
therapeutic
strategies
involving
modulators
their
targeted
delivery.
These
may
effectively
penetrate
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
target
multiple
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
diseases
humans.
In
this
review,
we
outline
both
non-canonical
pathways
activation
describe
general
associations
between
activity
CNS
diseases.
Finally,
discuss
prospects
for
delivery
clinical
application
agonists
inhibitors,
highlighting
novel
DNA and Cell Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 5, 2025
Sepsis
is
a
serious
systemic
inflammatory
condition
triggered
by
variety
of
pathogens,
including
bacteria
and
viruses,
that
can
result
in
multiple
organ
failure
life-threatening
situation.
Despite
advances
medical
care,
the
mortality
rate
for
sepsis
remains
high
even
with
aggressive
treatment
strategies
such
as
antibiotic
therapy,
fluid
resuscitation,
respiratory
circulatory
support.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
novel
nanoscale
biocarrier,
exhibit
diverse
biological
functions
immune
modulation
tissue
regeneration,
suggesting
promising
applications
field.
This
article
provides
an
overview
therapeutic
effects
EVs
derived
from
various
sources
management
sepsis.
Furthermore,
not
only
possess
intrinsic
properties,
modulation,
but
also
function
targeted
delivery
vehicles
drug
molecules,
leading
to
synergistic
outcomes.
In
conclusion,
extracellular
vesicle
therapy
poised
emerge
dynamic
innovative
force
driving
advancements
treatment.
Cell Communication and Signaling,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: May 27, 2024
Abstract
Background
Acute
respiratory
distress
syndrome
(ARDS)
is
a
severe
and
fatal
disease.
Although
mesenchymal
stem
cell
(MSC)-based
therapy
has
shown
remarkable
efficacy
in
treating
ARDS
animal
experiments,
clinical
outcomes
have
been
unsatisfactory,
which
may
be
attributed
to
the
influence
of
lung
microenvironment
during
MSC
administration.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
derived
from
endothelial
cells
(EC-EVs)
are
important
components
play
crucial
role
ARDS.
However,
effect
EC-EVs
on
still
unclear.
In
this
study,
we
established
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)
-
induced
acute
injury
model
evaluate
impact
reparative
effects
bone
marrow-derived
(BM-MSC)
transplantation
unravel
underlying
mechanisms.
Methods
EVs
were
isolated
bronchoalveolar
lavage
fluid
mice
with
LPS
patients
using
ultracentrifugation.
changes
analysed
nanoflow
cytometry
analysis.
vitro
assays
performed
establish
functions,
including
viability
migration,
while
vivo
studies
validate
therapeutic
MSCs.
RNA-Seq
analysis,
small
interfering
RNA
(siRNA),
recombinant
lentivirus
used
investigate
Results
Compared
that
non-ARDS
patients,
quantity
was
significantly
greater
lipopolysaccharide-stimulated
(LPS-EVs)
decreased
migration
BM-MSCs.
Furthermore,
engrafting
BM-MSCs
pretreated
LPS-EVs
promoted
release
inflammatory
cytokines
increased
pulmonary
microvascular
permeability,
aggravating
injury.
Mechanistically,
reduced
expression
level
isocitrate
dehydrogenase
2
(IDH2),
catalyses
formation
α-ketoglutarate
(α-KG),
an
intermediate
product
tricarboxylic
acid
(TCA)
cycle,
α-KG
cofactor
for
ten-eleven
translocation
(TET)
enzymes,
catalyse
DNA
hydroxymethylation
Conclusions
This
study
revealed
can
affect
through
IDH2/TET
pathway,
providing
potential
strategies
improving
MSC-based
clinic.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Oct. 11, 2024
Adaptive
anti-tumor
immunity
is
currently
dependent
on
the
natural
immune
system
of
body.
The
emergence
tumor
immunotherapy
has
improved
prognosis
and
prolonged
survival
cycle
patients.
Current
mainstream
immunotherapies,
including
checkpoint
blockade,
chimeric
antigen
receptor
T-cell
immunotherapy,
monoclonal
antibody
therapy,
are
linked
to
immunity.
cGAS-STING
pathway
an
important
signaling
that
plays
role
in
fighting
against
invasion
foreign
pathogens
maintaining
homeostasis
organism.
Increasing
evidence
suggests
a
key
immunity,
combination
STING-related
agonists
can
significantly
enhance
efficacy
reduce
immunotherapeutic
resistance.
However,
double-edged
sword,
its
activation
immunosuppression.
Immunosuppressive
cells,
M2
macrophages,
MDSC,
regulatory
T
microenvironment
play
crucial
escape,
thereby
affecting
effect.
bi-directionally
regulate
this
group
immunosuppressive
targeting
affect
function
providing
new
ideas
for
immunotherapy.
In
study,
we
summarize
immunological
elaborate
escape
mediated
by
microenvironment.
Finally,
approaches
related
explore
ways
improve
them,
guidelines
further
clinical
services.
