Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Baseline Immune Profiles After Third Vaccination Associated with Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Naïve Individuals DOI Open Access
Hyunhye Kang, Junseong Park, Hyunjoo Bae

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3494 - 3494

Published: April 8, 2025

Even though vaccines protected many from infection, not all were protected, and vaccinated individuals displayed a wide range of clinical outcomes, complete protection against infection to multiple breakthrough infections. This study aimed identify baseline differences following identical ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 in infection-free breakthrough-infected find molecular signatures linked enhanced SARS-CoV-2 protection. Samples previous longitudinal analyzed, classifying subjects as 'Protected' or 'Infected' based on status over two years. SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological assays single-cell RNA sequencing evaluated differences. Although humoral response measurements showed no significant difference, cellular responses via enzyme-linked immunospot observed the Protected group. Differentially expressed genes pathway analysis T/NK subsets Infected group had reduced inflammation interferon responses. The also downregulated interaction with CD4+ T cells. B subset revealed more memory cells group, accompanied by downregulation immune regulatory upregulation small ubiquitin-related modifier pathway. Our findings differential prolonged infection. Reduced regulation altered cell interactions may contribute providing insights for future vaccine development targeted protective strategies.

Language: Английский

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Baseline Immune Profiles After Third Vaccination Associated with Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Naïve Individuals DOI Open Access
Hyunhye Kang, Junseong Park, Hyunjoo Bae

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3494 - 3494

Published: April 8, 2025

Even though vaccines protected many from infection, not all were protected, and vaccinated individuals displayed a wide range of clinical outcomes, complete protection against infection to multiple breakthrough infections. This study aimed identify baseline differences following identical ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 in infection-free breakthrough-infected find molecular signatures linked enhanced SARS-CoV-2 protection. Samples previous longitudinal analyzed, classifying subjects as 'Protected' or 'Infected' based on status over two years. SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological assays single-cell RNA sequencing evaluated differences. Although humoral response measurements showed no significant difference, cellular responses via enzyme-linked immunospot observed the Protected group. Differentially expressed genes pathway analysis T/NK subsets Infected group had reduced inflammation interferon responses. The also downregulated interaction with CD4+ T cells. B subset revealed more memory cells group, accompanied by downregulation immune regulatory upregulation small ubiquitin-related modifier pathway. Our findings differential prolonged infection. Reduced regulation altered cell interactions may contribute providing insights for future vaccine development targeted protective strategies.

Language: Английский

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