Comorbidities and HIV‐related factors associated with mental health symptoms and unhealthy substance use among older adults living with HIV in low‐ and middle‐income countries: a cross‐sectional study

Journal of the International AIDS Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

People with HIV (PWH) are vulnerable to mental health and substance use disorders (MSDs), but the extent which these associated other non-communicable diseases in ageing PWH populations remains poorly documented. We assessed comorbidities symptoms of MSD among ≥40 years Sentinel Research Network (SRN) International epidemiology Database Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). Baseline data collected between June 2020 September 2022, from 10 clinics Asia, Latin America Africa contributing SRN, were analysed. Symptoms MSDs using standardized questionnaires, anthropometric laboratory tests, including weight, height, blood pressure, glucose, lipids, chronic viral hepatitis liver transient elastography. load, CD4 count additional routine clinical accessed participant interview or medical records. non-HIV associations illness unhealthy analysed logistic regression. Mental defined as moderate-to-severe depressive (PHQ-9 score >9), anxiety (GAD-7 >9) probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PCL-5 >32). Unhealthy was ASSIST >3, AUDIT ≥7 for women (≥8 men). Of 2614 participants at baseline study visits, 57% female, median age 50 years, 548 cells/mm3 86% had load <1000 copies/ml. Overall, 19% symptoms, 15% use, 49% BMI >25 kg/m2, 38% hypertension, type 2 diabetes, 35% dyslipidaemia, 34% disease 23% history tuberculosis. dyslipidaemia found 54% 40% those compared without. not significantly factors assessed. more likely (OR 1.55, CI 1.16-2.09, p = 0.003), less 0.48, 0.30-0.77, 0.009). Improved integration comorbidity services settings, further research on association comorbidities, care older low-middle-income countries, required.

Language: Английский

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Traditional and psychosocial factors associated with non-communicable diseases among people living with HIV in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study

AIDS Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 14

Published: April 23, 2025

We examined traditional and psychosocial factors associated with self-reported diabetes, hypertension, raised cholesterol, multimorbidity among 4,089 people living HIV in Cambodia. Participants were recruited from 20 antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics across nine provinces the capital city 2021. Multiple logistic regression analyses assessed associations between sociodemographic variables, HIV-related information, outcome variables. The prevalence of cholesterol 7.8%, 16.9%, 6.6%, respectively. Non-adherence to ART (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-2.32), low self-efficacy attending regularly (aOR: 2.02, CI: 1.16-3.53), poor quality life 1.48, 1.13-1.94) significantly all outcomes. Interestingly, lower perceived social support was hypertension 0.52, 0.33-0.83) 0.40, 0.20-0.80). Past experiences stigma discrimination a higher likelihood diabetes 1.97, 1.23-3.15) 1.87, 1.23-2.85). Community-based interventions enhance peer reduce may help decrease non-communicable diseases (NCDs), integrating NCD programs could improve healthcare access HIV.

Language: Английский

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Hypertension Occurrence and Associated Risk Factors in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Nairobi County, Kenya

Published: May 12, 2025

Due to advances in antiretroviral treatment, the incidence of HIV infection has declined recent years. However, cardiovascular illnesses continue be primary cause death and morbidity among HIV-positive individuals, accounting for 10% all deaths that are not related AIDS. The paper aimed determine occurrence risk factors associated with hypertension patients on treatment Nairobi County. study adopted a cross-sectional design, sample size 552 respondents. Purposive sampling technique was used select area, systemic random participants. Structured questionnaires were collect data, which analyzed using excel SPSS. Results indicated (64.86%) female 35.69% male About 55.43% participants married, 61.41% had informal jobs, 43.48% attained elementary school level, 99.64% identified as Christians. Accordingly, 14.52% people elevated blood pressure, 85.48% recorded normal pressure. 44.21% overweight/obese by their waist circumference BMI findings, 24.64% at because circumference. is substantially higher respondents 46 years older than under 25 (p = 0.008) 95%CL. A linked 0.012), family history (p=0.021) Cl, whereas person's chance developing when heart rate remains constant it changes slightly 0.036). In conclusion, advancing age, gender, increase circumference, overweight/obesity predictors this study. recommended health service integrate services; give education care givers promote lifestyle modification; Ministry Health (MoH) formulate integration policies.

Language: Английский

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The Intersection of HIV and Pulmonary Vascular Health: From HIV Evolution to Vascular Cell Types to Disease Mechanisms

Journal of Vascular Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 174 - 200

Published: May 6, 2024

People living with HIV (PLWH) face a growing burden of chronic diseases, owing to the combinations aging, environmental triggers, lifestyle choices, and virus-induced inflammation. The rising incidence pulmonary vascular diseases represents major concern for PLWH. study HIV-associated complications ideally requires strong understanding cell biology pathogenesis at molecular level effective applications in infectious medicine. Active infection and/or proteins disturb delicate balance between tone constriction, which is pivotal maintaining health. One defining features its high genetic diversity several factors including mutation rate, recombination viral strains, immune selective pressures, or even geographical factors. intrinsic has important implications pathogenic outcomes overall battle combat HIV. Challenges field present themselves from two sides same coin: those imposed by virus itself stemming host. may be advanced further developing vivo vitro models that are well described both mechanistic studies. In essence, multidisciplinary approach, drawing upon insights this review article, we discuss fundamentals virology their impact on disease, aiming enhance either area simultaneously. Bridging gap preclinical research findings clinical practice essential improving patient care. Addressing these knowledge gaps interdisciplinary collaborations, innovative approaches, dedicated efforts prioritize HIV-related global agenda.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the impact of hyperlipidemia on cardio-motor function and exercise adaptability in Hispanic-Latinos living with HIV

Journal of Sports Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 14 - 18

Published: July 9, 2024

HIV may precipitate a myriad of health-related complications, potentially culminating in disabilities that detrimentally affect the quality life. Certain conditions, such as hyperlipidemia (LP), which are exacerbated by HIV, can pose additional difficulties for this particular demographic. The aim study is to investigate influence LP on cardio-motor profile Hispanic Latinos living with HIV. methodology consisted submaximal cardiovascular assessment (Ross Test) collect relevant data research. These were sourced from records individuals registered at La Perla de Gran Precio Community Centre San Juan, Puerto Rico. motor captured included treadmill speed and incline. Cardiovascular parameters recorded blood pressure heart rate cessation Ross Test. A total 291 participants classified into 229 non-LP group 62 group. findings showed similar average CD4 counts. An ANOVA analysis revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) group, including decreased cardio time incline compared their counterparts. exhibit notable deficits gait. Gait particularly compromised affected both conditions. practical implication alert healthcare providers integrate specific assessments discussed address factors influencing gait, turn impact life those

Language: Английский

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Prevalence, Awareness, and Factors Associated with Hypertension Among People Living with HIV in Eastern Uganda. A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study

HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 325 - 335

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Introduction: Despite advancements in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLHIV) face increasing risks of HTN, leading to significant morbidity and premature mortality, undermining the hard-earned gains fighting HIV. The prevalence hypertension among patients associated risk factors has not been extensively studied rural parts Uganda. Objective: We assessed prevalence, awareness, PLHIV at two health facilities Eastern Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted Mbale Regional Referral Hospital Bugobero Health Center IV clinics from May July 2023. recruited above age 18 years willing consent. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire adapted WHO STEPwise approach noncommunicable disease factor surveillance (STEPS) AIDS Clinical Trials Group. Anthropometric measurements blood pressure taken. Bivariate multivariable logistic regression performed. P value < 0.2 bivariate analysis transferred model. 0.05 statistically significant. Results: surveyed 400 mean 46.5 (SD: 12.4) years; most female (n=261, 65.3%). Hypertension 37.5%, 20.5% stage 2 68% ((n=102) hypertensive participants unaware. ≥ 50 (aOR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.33– 3.37, p = 0.002), suppressed viral load 3.71, 1.02– 5.13, 0.046) BMI 25 Kg/m 1.64, 1.01– 2.66, 0.044). Conclusion: is burden Uganda, influenced by lifestyle-related factors. Improved screening diagnosis are needed close monitoring for suppression due possible negative effects ART on pressure. Plain Language Summary: This explored linked high found that 37.5% had pressure, yet majority (68%) unaware their condition. identified older years, higher body mass index (BMI) kg/m , having as PLHIV. These results reveal urgent need improved strategies integrate management preventive care enhance overall outcomes areas. Keywords: human immunodeficiency syndrome, antiretroviral therapy, hypertension,

Language: Английский

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Optimizing Cardiometabolic Risk in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Deep Dive into an Important Risk Enhancer

American Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20, P. 100888 - 100888

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) is now nearly ubiquitous. However, the survival benefits conferred with ART contribute to an aging human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population and increased risk of chronic diseases, like atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Furthermore, HIV a known enhancer ASCVD acknowledged as such in current 2018 AHA/ACC Blood Cholesterol guidelines [1]. This makes factor identification modification among people living (PLWH) increasing importance prevent events. In this review, we aim summarize epidemiology pathogenesis how linked atherogenesis discuss cardiometabolic specific PLWH, covering obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, dyslipidemia.

Language: Английский

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The association between dolutegravir-based antiretrovirals and high blood pressure among adults with HIV in southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Background: Dolutegravir (DTG), a novel antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV, is increasingly adopted across sub-Saharan Africa. However, its impact on blood pressure in Ethiopia remains unclear, highlighting need further studies. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between DTG-based first-line regimens and other covariates of high (HBP) among adults living with HIV receiving care at health facilities Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected January 2023 May 2024 444 systematically selected adults, complemented review their medical records. HBP was defined according seventh report Joint National Committee (JNC7) guidelines, threshold systolic or diastolic ⩾120/80 mmHg. Multivariable logistic regression analysis performed identify predictors HBP. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) computed determine statistically significant associations. Results: Of participants, 58.3% women 41.7% men, resulting response rate 95.5%. The mean (standard deviation (SD]) age participants 38.4(±8.9) years. prevalence 57.9% (95% CI: 52.5–62.4), 40.5% classified as prehypertension 17.3% hypertension. Among hypertension, 84.4% newly diagnosed. Initiating ART associated higher (AOR 5.9; 1.5–22.7) switching also increased 3.8; 1.1–13.9). Other included being male 2.6; 1.4–4.9), >45 years 2.0; 1.2–3.4), waist-to-height ratio 2.4; 1.1–4.9), inadequate vegetable intake 1.7; 1.0–2.7), low physical activity 1.1–5.4), LDL-cholesterol 1.1; 1.0–1.2). Conclusion: Proactive screening management are important individuals regimens. In addition, early identification intervention modifiable risk factors through comprehensive strategies regular screenings pivotal improving cardiovascular ART.

Language: Английский

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