Factors Associated with the Breastfeeding Aversion Response

Breastfeeding Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 118 - 125

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Background: The breastfeeding aversion response (BAR) is defined as the compulsion to remove baby from breast in negative physical sensations experienced during breastfeeding. This phenomenon characterized by involuntary and overwhelming feelings of disgust that arise or at various stages process. Objectives: aim study evaluate frequency BAR affecting factors mothers with experience Türkiye. Methods: survey was conducted online using Google Forms® tool, accessible November 2, 2023, January 5, 2024. A total 1,046 were included research. Results: 9.8% (n = 103) participating stated they BAR. Fatigue (23.3%), a toddler (19.4%), pain (18.4%) most frequently reported risk for rate higher among working (p 0.037), those lacking spousal support 0.001), diagnosed postpartum depression 0.009), encountering problems 0.007). Conclusion: Further research on trigger BAR, its severity, what symptoms it may cause provide guidance how midwives nurses can these mothers, prevent possible treatment options. findings our revealed especially affected psychological processes. For this reason, recommended approach period holistic also includes sociocultural processes rather than solely physiological perspective.

Language: Английский

---

Dysphoric milk ejection reflex: prevalence and associations with self-reported mental health history

Archives of Women s Mental Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex: Prevalence, persistence, and implications

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Negative emotional experiences of breastfeeding and the milk ejection reflex: a scoping review

International Breastfeeding Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 5, 2025

Breastfeeding aversion response (BAR)and dysphoric milk ejection reflex (D-MER) are two examples of breastfeeding phenomena which present as negative emotional experiences and lactation but considered physiological in origin. D-MER presents a sudden onset dysphoria prior to during ejection. BAR refers unpleasant feelings physical sensations breastfeeding. Research suggests both distinct from perinatal mood disorders. As awareness is limited, this scoping review extended beyond the terms describe nature, extent range literature relating reflex. The aim was capture concepts, knowledge BAR. This followed standard methodology. Medline, CINAHL, MIDIRS, British Nursing Index, PsychInfo, EBSCO, EMBASE, Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews, Web Science, Google, Google Scholar, Open Grey, EThOS PROSPERO were originally searched between March July 2020 April 2024, using predetermined keywords. After removing duplicates, records screened for eligibility. Data charted, then summarised synthesised numerical thematic analysis. In total, 116 academic grey included five main themes identified. associated with emotions impact Awareness thus, understanding better important helping women achieve their personal goals. identified wide described nature episodes, suggested causes phenomena, on women's lives, strategies use cope possible prevalence rates. Many health professionals remain unaware BAR, so support provided may be inappropriate or inadequate. Much remains unknown about further research indicated.

Language: Английский

---

Dysphoric Milk Release Reflex as A Problem in Breastfeeding Women

Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 76 - 80

Published: March 25, 2025

Although breastfeeding is extremely beneficial to the health of women and infants, rates are not at desired levels. The literature includes medical physical difficulties that can lead early discontinuation breastfeeding. However, studies examining impact women's emotional experiences on process rather limited. Dysphoric milk release reflex (DMER) characterised by dysphoria occurs during lasts for several minutes. Symptoms include sudden unpleasant feelings anxiety, sadness, irritability or panic. exact cause DMER known. Studies suggest drop in dopamine start lactation causes a short-term deficiency women, which dysphoria. It known experiencing have negative towards due uncomfortable feelings, some may stop feel compelled continue because this discomfort. there no medically proven treatment, it has been suggested various non-pharmacological methods such as distraction, lifestyle changes, music aromatherapy be effective. As only recently recognised, aim review present current DMER.

Language: Английский

---

Incidence and awareness of dysphoric milk ejection reflex (DMER)

Journal of Perinatal Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

Abstract Objectives To determine Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex (DMER) incidence. Secondary objectives were to describe the symptom profiles and patient characteristics of DMER assess familiarity. Methods A prospective observational study people who initiated breastfeeding after delivery between December 2022 May 2023 at two hospitals in New York. Participants filled out an Initial Survey, assessing prior familiarity, recurring Symptoms Surveys, presence, severity, transiency. Medical records reviewed for demographics clinical history. Descriptive basic inferential statistics performed. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Based on definition utilized, incidence 26.9 % (n=21), severity mostly very mild moderate. Those with had similar baseline those without, apart from a significantly higher rate having delivered via cesarean section (71.4.0 vs. 33.3 %, p<0.01). Among 55 patients completed initial survey, 61.8 unfamiliar condition. Conclusions is described as brief, abrupt, negative emotions experienced by individuals milk letdown. We found that more than 1 4 participants screened positive. Future research could better define, quantify, qualify, publicize this condition inform practices facilitate successful relationships.

Language: Английский

---

Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex: Risk, Prevalence, and Persistence

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 25, 2024

Abstract 1. Background Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex (DMER), which affects a significant proportion of lactating parents and may significantly impact feeding choices, is poorly understood. 2. Objective(s) The primary aim this study to characterize prevalence, duration, factors influencing DMER as well its effect on parental choices. 3. Study Design We conducted cross-sectional using an online survey children under the age 18 months who were nursed for any period time. N=1469 responses collected, n=209 reported experiencing DMER. sub-cohort was further queried about their specific experiences. performed risk factor analysis logistic regression. 4. Results prevalence in our cohort 14.2% (n=209/1469). found high co-incidence with both postpartum depression baby blues. also associated pre-pregnancy mental health history, higher education level, immigration background. no rates by marital status, household income, BMI, history medical illness, mode birth sex infant, use assisted reproductive technology, medication during pregnancy, abortion or miscarriage, extended perinatal hospitalization, spousal leave. Among women having experienced DMER, 57.7% (n=113/196) symptoms lasted 1-5 minutes, most frequently selected descriptions were: tense, hypersensitive, frustrated, irritable, overwhelmed, sad, lonely, restless. Most (n=132/180, 73.3%) only at beginning nursing session, while minority had every letdown. Of group, 85.9% (n=158/184) used pump express breastmilk. these 57.0% (n=90/158) milder absent pumping compared nursing. Only 5.7%, (n=9/158) more severe pumping, 12.0% (n=19/158) when pumping. 40.2% (n=72/179), respondents that remained stable between weaning. In 29.6% (n=53/179), became 9.5% (n=17/179) they disappeared completely. contrast, 17.9% (n=32/179) worsened over period. Importantly, 16.9% (n=30/177) stopped breastfeeding because symptoms, 19.2% (n=34/177) considered doing so. worsening stress 62.1% (n=113/182), closely followed sleep deprivation (60.4%, n=110/182). Loneliness conflict other cited aggravation (49.5%, n=90/182 48.9%, n=89/182, respectively). likely ease “support from partner” “sleep” (34.6%, n=63/182 29.7%, n=54/182, 5. Conclusion(s) relatively common condition, affecting approximately one seven mothers study. Those preexisting mood disorders elevated risk. One six symptoms. Further research effective awareness campaigns targeting expectant healthcare providers are needed address widespread but understudied problem. Tweetable statement 1469 surveyed new mothers, 14% negative emotions milk let-down, ‘Dysphoric Reflex’. those, 17% result. Baby blues, PPD, prior diagnosis increased likelihood AJOG Glance A. Why conducted? Little known how many affected dysphoric ejection reflex predisposing factors, what circumstances aggravate alleviate Similarly, consequences disorder, including rates, B. What key findings? those cessation due blues (PPD) conditions. 79.3% stabilized, improved, Sleep partner support mitigating factors. C. does add already known? This first identify explores persistence, timing, modifying largest examined date.

Language: Английский

---

Acute Onset or Worsening of Psychiatric Symptoms Following Breastfeeding Cessation: An Illustrative Case and Literature Review

Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---