Methods for Extracellular Vesicle Isolation: Relevance for Encapsulated miRNAs in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

Genes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 330 - 330

Published: March 12, 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles that facilitate intercellular communication by carrying essential biomolecules under physiological and pathological conditions including microRNAs (miRNAs). They found in various body fluids, such as blood, urine, saliva, their levels fluctuate with disease progression, making them valuable diagnostic tools. However, isolating EVs is challenging due to small size biological complexity. Here, we summarize the principles behind most common EV isolation methods ultracentrifugation, precipitation, immunoaffinity, sorting, ultrafiltration, exclusion chromatography, microfluidics while highlighting protocol strengths weaknesses. We also review main strategies identify quantify circulating miRNAs a particular focus on EV-encapsulated miRNAs. Since these hold special clinical interest derived from superior stability therapeutic potential, information provided here should provide guidance for future research initiatives promising field of treatment based

Language: Английский

microRNA‐Mediated Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 4, 2025

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality globally, often linked to oxidative stress. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as significant regulators stress within cardiovascular system. This review examines complex relationship between miRNAs and stress, clarifying their effects on gene expression pathways related ROS production detoxification in CVDs. From August October 2024, we conducted a comprehensive search PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar for studies published 2014 2024 investigating role diseases. Specific been identified critical pathophysiology CVDs, with distinct patterns correlated conditions such hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure. For instance, miR-21 exacerbates by targeting genes essential redox homeostasis, while miR-210 promotes endothelial cell survival under hypoxic mitigating levels. The reciprocal highlights potential therapeutic interventions miRNA activity managing Understanding these molecular mechanisms is vital developing innovative strategies address damage cardiac tissues improve health outcomes.

Language: Английский