Effects of natural products on macrophage immunometabolism: a new frontier in the treatment of metabolic diseases

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107634 - 107634

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Brain-Targeted Reactive Oxygen Species in Hypertension: Unveiling Subcellular Dynamics, Immune Cross-Talk, and Novel Therapeutic Pathways

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 408 - 408

Published: March 28, 2025

Hypertension (HTN) is a complex disease with significant global health implications, driven by neural and oxidative mechanisms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), once considered mere metabolic byproducts, are now recognized as one of the key contributors to dysfunction autonomic nerve system, which involves onset progression HTN. This review highlights dynamic roles ROS in neuronal signaling, subcellular compartmentalization, brain–immune interactions, focusing on their impacts synaptic remodeling, neuroinflammation, epigenetic modifications within regions such paraventricular nucleus rostral ventrolateral medulla. We discuss novel sources, including microglia-derived endoplasmic reticulum stress-related ROS, contributions Subcellular dynamics, signaling at mitochondria-associated membranes microdomains, explored activators sympathetic system. Emerging evidence has linked regulation, histone non-coding RNA expression, sex-specific differences offering insights for development personalized therapies. Innovative therapeutic strategies targeting involve precision delivery systems, modulators, circadian-optimized antioxidants. propose several priorities future research, real-time imaging brain translating preclinical findings into clinical applications, leveraging medicine develop tailored interventions based activity genetic predisposition. Through emphasizing spatial temporal complexity HTN, this identifies opportunities establishes foundation targeted treatments address challenge.

Language: Английский

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Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction ameliorates lipid disorders in obese mice via inducing browning of white adipose tissue and activating brown adipose tissue

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Background Obesity has become a critical public health challenge worldwide. Prioritizing prevention and tackling root causes—rather than merely managing symptoms—is to curbing this pandemic. Strategies that activate expand brown adipose tissue beige increase energy expenditure in animal models offer therapeutic promise treat obesity. Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction (SHX) is well-known traditional Chinese medicine possesses several beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory anti-atherosclerotic properties. This study aims investigate whether SHX can alleviate obesity by promoting the browning process tissue. Methods UPLC MS/MS was used detect constituents of extraction, as well absorbed components rat plasma. In vivo, C57BL/6J mice were fed with 60% calorie high-fat diet for 8 weeks induce 3T3-L1 white adipocyte HIB-1B cultured. Parameters body weight, food intake, Lee’s index, skin temperature, mass, blood glucose lipids detected. The histological features BAT iWAT observed H&E staining, protein expression UCP1 detected immunohistochemistry method, cells tested using immunofluorescence staining. Gene markers (e.g. Ucp1, Pgc1α, Prdm16, Cidea, Cd137, Tbx1, Tmem26), fatty acid oxidation factors Cpt-1β, Cyto-c, Fatp1) mitochondrial biogenic transcription Nrf1, Nrf2, Tfam) tissue, qRT-PCR method. Results A total 58 chemical identified UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MSⁿ which provided basis basic research pharmacodynamic substances. extraction could reduce weight gain, improve lipid metabolism, enhance activity development brown-like adipocytes obese mice. Furthermore, improved gene Pgc1α Nrf1 Tfam, levels adipocytes. Conclusions Our suggested be potential candidate treatment its complications inducing activating

Language: Английский

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Prescribing characteristics and guideline concordance of antihypertensive western and Chinese patent medicine in Internet hospitals in China: a cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 28, 2025

Introduction Internet hospitals have emerged as a vital approach for patients seeking treatment hypertension, with significant increase in antihypertensive medication prescriptions through these innovative models. However, prescribing characteristics and guideline concordance of remain unclear. This study aim to analyze the Western medicine (WM) Chinese patent (CPM) hypertension assess their guidelines China, providing insights optimizing CPM management. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from Yinchuan Medical Regulatory Platform (YIMRP) covering 87 enterprise-led China 1 January 2018, 31 March 2021. Visits diagnosed prescribed at least one oral (either WM or CPM) were included. Guideline evaluated by comparing individual international recommendations. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, association rule analysis, assessment. Results Among 787,209 visits, 93.75% alone, 4.72% 1.52% combination WM. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (38.50%) most class, nifedipine (19.67%) being common medication. Most guideline-concordant. prescriptions, only 181 (0.37%) traditional (TCM) syndrome diagnoses. Of 38 CPM, 7 guideline-recommended. The frequently Jiuqiang Naoliqing (17.67%), Zhenju Jiangya tablet (14.74%), neither which recommended guidelines. combinations two prescribed, but none dual + Qiangli Dingxuan tablet/capsule ( support 8.65%, confidence 0.44%). Conclusion closely align those offline relatively satisfactory concordance. some issues persist including lack TCM differentiation, frequent prescription non-recommended duplicate therapies. Strengthening management is essential care.

Language: Английский

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Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction ameliorates lipid disorders in obese mice via inducing browning of white adipose tissue and activating brown adipose tissue

Chinese Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: May 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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