Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: March 17, 2025
Lung
cancer,
one
of
the
most
lethal
malignancies,
has
seen
its
therapeutic
strategies
become
a
focal
point
significant
scientific
attention.
Intrinsic
immune
signaling
pathways
play
crucial
roles
in
anti-tumor
immunity
but
face
clinical
application
challenges
despite
promising
preclinical
outcomes.
Lactylation,
an
emerging
research
focus,
may
influences
lung
cancer
progression
by
modulating
functions
histones
and
non-histone
proteins.
Recent
findings
have
suggested
that
lactylation
regulates
key
intrinsic
molecules,
including
cGAS-STING,
TLR,
RIG-I,
thereby
impacting
interferon
expression.
However,
precise
mechanisms
which
governs
remain
unclear.
This
review
presents
comprehensive
systematic
analysis
relationship
between
emphasizes
innovative
perspective
linking
lactylation-mediated
epigenetic
modifications
with
regulation.
By
thoroughly
examining
current
findings,
this
uncovers
potential
regulatory
highlights
implications
targeting
cancer.
Future
investigations
into
intricate
interactions
are
anticipated
to
unveil
novel
targets
strategies,
potentially
improving
patient
survival
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Sept. 5, 2023
Abstract
In
one
decade,
immunotherapy
based
on
immune
checkpoint
blockades
(ICBs)
has
become
a
new
pillar
of
cancer
treatment
following
surgery,
radiation,
chemotherapy,
and
targeted
therapies.
However,
not
all
patients
benefit
from
single
or
combination
therapy
with
anti-CTLA-4
anti-PD-1/PD-L1
monoclonal
antibodies.
Thus,
an
increasing
number
proteins
(ICPs)
have
been
screened
their
effectiveness
evaluated
in
preclinical
clinical
trials.
Lymphocyte
activation
gene-3
(LAG-3),
T
cell
immunoglobulin
mucin-domain-containing-3
(TIM-3),
immunoreceptor
tyrosine-based
inhibitory
motif
(ITIM)
domain
(TIGIT)
constitute
the
second
wave
targets
that
show
great
promise
for
use
solid
tumors
leukemia.
To
promote
research
application
ICBs
directed
at
these
targets,
we
summarize
discovery,
mechanism,
efficiency,
trial
results
this
review.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Nov. 27, 2023
Abstract
Immunotherapies
have
revolutionized
the
treatment
paradigms
of
various
types
cancers.
However,
most
these
immunomodulatory
strategies
focus
on
harnessing
adaptive
immunity,
mainly
by
inhibiting
immunosuppressive
signaling
with
immune
checkpoint
blockade,
or
enhancing
immunostimulatory
bispecific
T
cell
engager
and
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T
cell.
Although
agents
already
achieved
great
success,
only
a
tiny
percentage
patients
could
benefit
from
immunotherapies.
Actually,
immunotherapy
efficacy
is
determined
multiple
components
in
tumor
microenvironment
beyond
immunity.
Cells
innate
arm
system,
such
as
macrophages,
dendritic
cells,
myeloid-derived
suppressor
neutrophils,
natural
killer
unconventional
also
participate
cancer
evasion
surveillance.
Considering
that
cornerstone
antitumor
response,
utilizing
immunity
provides
potential
therapeutic
options
for
control.
Up
to
now,
exploiting
agonists
stimulator
interferon
genes,
CAR-macrophage
-natural
therapies,
metabolic
regulators,
novel
exhibited
potent
activities
preclinical
clinical
studies.
Here,
we
summarize
latest
insights
into
roles
cells
discuss
advances
arm-targeted
strategies.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: July 22, 2024
Abstract
Cytokines
are
critical
in
regulating
immune
responses
and
cellular
behavior,
playing
dual
roles
both
normal
physiology
the
pathology
of
diseases
such
as
cancer.
These
molecules,
including
interleukins,
interferons,
tumor
necrosis
factors,
chemokines,
growth
factors
like
TGF-β,
VEGF,
EGF,
can
promote
or
inhibit
growth,
influence
microenvironment,
impact
efficacy
cancer
treatments.
Recent
advances
targeting
these
pathways
have
shown
promising
therapeutic
potential,
offering
new
strategies
to
modulate
system,
progression,
overcome
resistance
conventional
therapies.
In
this
review,
we
summarized
current
understanding
implications
cytokine
chemokine
signaling
By
exploring
molecules
biology
response,
highlighted
development
novel
agents
aimed
at
modulating
combat
The
review
elaborated
on
nature
cytokines
promoters
suppressors
tumorigenesis,
depending
context,
discussed
challenges
opportunities
presents
for
intervention.
We
also
examined
latest
advancements
targeted
therapies,
monoclonal
antibodies,
bispecific
receptor
inhibitors,
fusion
proteins,
engineered
variants,
their
metastasis,
microenvironment.
Additionally,
evaluated
potential
combining
therapies
with
other
treatment
modalities
improve
patient
outcomes.
Besides,
focused
ongoing
research
clinical
trials
that
pivotal
advancing
our
application
cytokine-
chemokine-targeted
patients.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(1)
Published: Jan. 17, 2024
Cancer
is
a
complex
disease
resulting
from
abnormal
cell
growth
that
induced
by
number
of
genetic
and
environmental
factors.
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME),
which
involves
extracellular
matrix,
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
(CAF),
tumor-infiltrating
immune
cells
angiogenesis,
plays
critical
role
in
progression.
Cyclic
adenosine
monophosphate
(cAMP)
second
messenger
has
pleiotropic
effects
on
the
TME.
downstream
effectors
cAMP
include
cAMP-dependent
protein
kinase
(PKA),
exchange
activated
(EPAC)
ion
channels.
While
can
activate
PKA
or
EPAC
promote
cancer
growth,
it
also
inhibit
proliferation
survival
context-
type-dependent
manner.
Tumor-associated
stromal
cells,
such
as
CAF
release
cytokines
factors
either
stimulate
production
within
Recent
studies
have
shown
targeting
signaling
TME
therapeutic
benefits
cancer.
Small-molecule
agents
adenylate
cyclase
been
to
growth.
In
addition,
cAMP-elevating
agents,
forskolin,
not
only
induce
death,
but
directly
some
types.
this
review,
we
summarize
current
understanding
biology
immunology
discuss
basis
for
its
context-dependent
dual
oncogenesis.
Understanding
precise
mechanisms
interact
will
be
development
effective
therapies.
Future
aimed
at
investigating
cAMP-cancer
axis
regulation
may
provide
new
insights
into
underlying
tumorigenesis
lead
novel
strategies.
Biomarker Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: Jan. 7, 2024
Abstract
Tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
are
a
heterogeneous
population
that
play
diverse
functions
in
tumors.
Their
identity
is
determined
not
only
by
intrinsic
factors,
such
as
origins
and
transcription
but
also
external
signals
from
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME),
inflammatory
metabolic
reprogramming.
Metabolic
reprogramming
has
rendered
TAM
to
exhibit
spectrum
of
activities
ranging
pro-tumorigenic
anti-tumorigenic,
closely
associated
with
progression
clinical
prognosis.
This
review
implicates
diversity
phenotypes
functions,
how
this
heterogeneity
been
re-evaluated
advent
single-cell
technologies,
impact
TME
on
TAMs.
We
current
therapies
targeting
metabolism
offer
new
insights
for
TAM-dependent
anti-tumor
immunotherapy
focusing
critical
role
different
programs
Experimental & Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
55(11), P. 2320 - 2331
Published: Nov. 9, 2023
Abstract
Nucleic
acid
sensing
is
involved
in
viral
infections,
immune
response-related
diseases,
and
therapeutics.
Based
on
the
composition
of
nucleic
acids,
sensors
are
defined
as
DNA
or
RNA
sensors.
Pathogen-associated
acids
recognized
by
membrane-bound
intracellular
receptors,
known
pattern
recognition
receptors
(PRRs),
which
induce
innate
immune-mediated
antiviral
responses.
PRR
activation
tightly
regulated
to
eliminate
infections
prevent
abnormal
excessive
an
essential
mechanism
tumor
immunotherapy
gene
therapies
that
target
cancer
infectious
diseases
through
genetically
engineered
cells
therapeutic
acids.
supports
priming
desirable
responses
during
treatment.
Recent
studies
have
shown
affects
efficiency
therapy
inhibiting
translation.
Suppression
immunity
induced
small-molecule
inhibitors,
virus-derived
proteins,
chemical
modifications
offers
a
potential
strategy.
Herein,
we
review
mechanisms
regulation
sensing,
specifically
covering
recent
advances.
Furthermore,
summarize
discuss
research
progress
regarding
different
effects
efficacy.
This
study
provides
insights
for
application
therapy.
Frontiers in Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: July 14, 2023
Background
PANoptosis
is
an
inflammatory
type
of
programmed
cell
death
regulated
by
PANopotosome.
Mounting
evidence
has
shown
that
could
be
involved
in
cancer
pathogenesis
and
the
tumor
immune
microenvironment.
Nevertheless,
there
have
been
no
studies
on
mechanism
pancreatic
(PC)
pathogenesis.
Methods
We
downloaded
data
transcriptomic
clinical
features
PC
patients
from
Cancer
Genome
Atlas
(TCGA)
Gene
Expression
Omnibus
databases.
Additionally,
copy
number
variation
(CNV),
methylation
somatic
mutations
genes
33
types
cancers
were
obtained
TCGA.
Next,
we
identified
PANoptosis-related
molecular
subtype
using
consensus
clustering
analysis,
constructed
validated
prognostic
model
LASSO
Cox
regression
analyses.
Moreover,
RT-qPCR
was
performed
to
determine
expression
model.
Results
66
(PANRGs)
published
studies.
Of
these,
24
PC-specific
prognosis-related
identified.
Pan-cancer
analysis
revealed
complex
genetic
changes,
including
CNV,
methylation,
mutation
PANRGs
various
cancers.
By
classified
into
two
patterns:
PANcluster
A
B.
In
A,
patient
prognosis
significantly
worse
compared
The
CIBERSORT
algorithm
showed
a
significant
increase
infiltration
CD8
+
T
cells,
monocytes,
naïve
B
macrophages,
activated
mast
dendritic
cells
higher
A.
Patients
more
sensitive
erlotinib,
selumetinib
trametinib,
whereas
highly
irinotecan,
oxaliplatin
sorafenib.
predict
patient’s
survival.
Finally,
GEPIA
Human
Protein
databases
analyzed,
performed.
Compared
normal
tissues,
CXCL10
ITGB6
(associated
with
model)
observed
tissues.
Conclusion
first
subtypes
established
for
predicting
survival
PC.
These
results
would
aid
exploring
mechanisms
