Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: May 30, 2025
Generation
of
Chimeric
Antigen
Receptors
(CARs)
presented
a
significant
advance
in
the
field
immunotherapy,
allowing
targeting
cell-surface
expressed
molecules
an
MHC-independent
manner.
Arming
NK
cells
with
CARs
merges
their
innate
natural
cytotoxicity
refined
precision
targeted
antigen
recognition.
The
success
these
therapies
hinges
on
selecting
right
tumor-specific
targets
to
ensure
effective
activation
and
avoid
self-reactivity.
Optimization
CAR
design
is
based
cell
intrinsic
properties
(CAR
modules
sources
cells),
as
well
NK-tumor
interactions
(multi-antigen,
multi-step,
multi-switch).
Additionally,
dynamics
tumor
infiltration
adaptation
microenvironment
play
critical
role
CAR-NK
efficacy.
Combining
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
checkpoint
inhibitors,
emerging
approaches
like
epigenetic
modulators
oncolytic
viruses,
may
address
some
challenges.
development
strategies
for
metastatic
disease
especially
promising,
though
complexities
metastasis
require
designs.
As
immunomics
multi-omics
continue
evolve,
potential
designing
more
expands.
results
from
preclinical
clinical
trials
unfold,
multidisciplinary
approach
integrating
all
those
aspects
will
be
key
unlock
full
cell-based
adoptive
transfers.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(5), P. 723 - 723
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
Background/Objectives:
Tumour-associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
are
critical
components
of
the
tumour
microenvironment
(TME),
significantly
influencing
cancer
progression
and
treatment
resistance.
This
review
aims
to
explore
innovative
use
engineered
bacteria
reprogram
TAMs,
enhancing
their
anti-tumour
functions
improving
therapeutic
outcomes.
Methods:
We
conducted
a
systematic
following
predefined
protocol.
Multiple
databases
were
searched
identify
relevant
studies
on
phenotypic
plasticity,
for
reprogramming.
Inclusion
exclusion
criteria
applied
select
studies,
data
extracted
using
standardised
forms.
Data
synthesis
was
performed
summarise
findings,
focusing
mechanisms
benefits
non-pathogenic
modify
TAMs.
Results:
The
summarises
findings
that
can
selectively
target
promoting
shift
from
tumour-promoting
M2
phenotype
tumour-fighting
M1
phenotype.
reprogramming
enhances
pro-inflammatory
responses
activity
within
TME.
Evidence
various
indicates
significant
regression
improved
immune
bacterial
therapy.
Conclusions:
Reprogramming
TAMs
presents
promising
strategy
approach
leverages
natural
targeting
abilities
directly
tumour,
potentially
patient
outcomes
offering
new
insights
into
immune-based
treatments.
Further
research
is
needed
optimise
these
methods
assess
clinical
applicability.
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: Feb. 24, 2025
Immunosenescence
refers
to
the
gradual
decline
in
immune
system
function
with
age,
increasing
susceptibility
infections
and
cancer
elderly.
The
advent
of
novel
immunotherapies
has
revolutionized
field
treatment.
However,
majority
patients
exhibit
poor
re-sponses
immunotherapy,
immunosenescence
likely
playing
a
significant
role.
In
recent
years,
progress
been
made
understanding
interplay
between
immunotherapy.
Our
research
aims
explore
prospects
development
trends
immunotherapy
using
bibliometric
analysis.
Relevant
articles
were
collected
from
Web
Science
Core
Collection
(WoSCC)
(retrieved
on
July
20,
2024).
Primary
characteristics
analyzed
R
package
"Biblio-metrix,"
keyword
co-occurrence
analysis
visualization
conducted
VOSviewer.
A
total
213
English-language
original
review
spanning
35
years
re-trieved
for
There
was
surge
publications
this
starting
2017.
United
States
China
contributed
most
articles.
Frontiers
Immunology
productive
journal,
while
University
California
System
highest
contributing
institution.
Besse
Benjamin
France
emerged
as
influential
researcher
field.
Popular
keywords
included
"nivolumab,"
"T
cells,"
"dendritic
"regulatory
T
cells."
"immunosenescence-associated
secretory
phenotype"
become
new
hotspot,
checkpoint
inhibitors
remaining
central
theme
domain.
is
entering
phase
rapid
will
continue
hold
value
future
research.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: March 6, 2025
Background
The
tumor
microenvironment
plays
a
crucial
role
in
the
progression
of
both
glioma
and
glioma-induced
autoimmune
encephalitis.
However,
there
remains
significant
lack
effective
therapeutic
targets
for
these
diseases.
Method
We
collected
54
CT
images
patients
encephalitis
patients,
respectively.
Radiomics
features
were
extracted
from
tumors
regions
using
Python,
followed
by
dimensionality
reduction
via
random
forest
lasso
regression,
construction
radiomics-based
risk
scores.
Genomic
data
matched
with
clinical
information
analyzed
to
identify
key
prognostic
genes
significantly
associated
Gene
expression
was
validated
immunohistochemistry
our
samples.
Immune
infiltration
evaluated
five
algorithms
(MCP-counter,
EPIC,
TIMER,
QUANT
IPS).
association
between
hub
immune
checkpoint
markers
as
well
immunoregulation-related
also
Spearman
correlation.
Results
identified
980
radiomics
patient
selected
four
through
regression
build
score.
COL22A1
strongly
correlated
score
gene.
higher
glioblastoma
tissues
cell
lines,
factors
such
age,
WHO
grade,
IDH
mutation
status.
analysis
indicated
associations
diverse
stromal
populations,
including
CD8
+
T
cells,
macrophages,
CAFs.
positively
checkpoints
immune-regulated
genes.
Conclusion
Our
study
highlights
critical
gliomas
glioma-Induced
Autoimmune
Encephalitis,
demonstrating
its
strong
poor
prognosis
involvement
regulation.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: March 21, 2025
Metabolic
reprogramming
is
a
hallmark
of
ovarian
cancer,
enabling
tumor
progression,
immune
evasion
and
drug
resistance.
The
microenvironment
(TME)
further
shapes
metabolic
adaptations,
cancer
cells
to
withstand
hypoxia
nutrient
deprivation.
While
organoid
models
provide
physiologically
relevant
platform
for
studying
these
processes,
they
still
lack
vascular
components,
limiting
their
ability
fully
recapitulate
metabolism
responses.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
the
key
mechanisms
involved
in
focusing
on
glycolysis,
lipid
amino
acid
metabolism.
We
integrated
metabolomic
analyses
sensitivity
assays
explore
metabolic-TME
interactions
using
patient-derived,
adult
stem
cell-derived
iPSC-derived
organ
tissues.
Among
these,
found
that
play
central
role
progression
chemotherapy
identified
methylglyoxal
(MGO)-mediated
BRCA2
dysfunction
as
driver
escape,
sphingolipid
signaling
proliferation
kynurenine
CD8+
T
cell
suppression.
addition,
PI3K/AKT/mTOR
Wnt/β-catenin
pathways
promote
chemoresistance
through
adaptation.
By
elucidating
link
between
evasion,
study
identifies
vulnerabilities
potential
targets
cancer.
Our
findings
support
development
metabolically
targeted
therapies
increase
utility
organoid-based
precision
medicine
models.
Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 30, 2025
Introduction
Melanoma
is
among
the
most
immunogenic
malignancies.
The
advent
of
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
has
revolutionized
landscape
melanoma
treatment.
Long-term
durable
cancer
control
possible
in
nearly
50%
non-resectable,
metastatic
patients
with
anti-CTLA4
and
anti-PD-1
antibodies.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: April 1, 2025
The
dismal
efficacy
of
immunotherapy
for
Pancreatic
cancer
(PC)
can
be
predominantly
ascribed
to
its
distinctive
cold-tumor
properties.
by-products
purine
metabolic
reprogramming
are
extensively
engaged
in
tumor
immune
modulation,
influencing
the
functions
and
recruitment
cells
molding
an
microenvironment
that
is
propitious
growth.
We
harnessed
single-cell
transcriptomics
spatial
concurrently
analyze
metabolism
(PM)
features
PC
microenvironment.
quantitatively
appraised
PM
traits
diverse
cell
subsets
via
scoring
algorithms
such
as
AUCell
Ucell.
Moreover,
development
cell-cell
interaction
analysis
elucidated
alterations
TME
induced
by
dysregulation.
Additionally,
we
defined
disorder
characteristics
patients
utilized
this
assess
phenotypes
prognoses
patient
population.
Also,
identified
crucial
intermediate
genes
impact
establishment
immunosuppressive
environment
within
PC,
validated
them
through
sectioning
co-culture
experiments.
Multi
-
dimensional
transcriptome
data
unique
heterogeneity
microenvironment,
which
manifested
fibroblasts
demonstrating
higher
scores
TME.
Cellchat
revealed
malignant
with
elevated
expression
were
concomitantly
associated
frequent
interactions
CAFs
well
high
ligand-receptor
pairs
transcription
factors.
Spatial
further
corroborated
finding.
Furthermore,
newly
constructed
criteria
indicated
levels
a
lack
response
Finally,
study
singular
role
NT5E
immunosuppression
resulting
from
PC.
CCK8
invasion
experiments
following
model
demonstrated
intervention
targeting
could
reverse
augmented
malignancy
co-cultured
CAFs.
potentially
key
target
reversing
"stiff-cancer"
This
demonstrates
disorders
impinge
upon
exacerbate
engendered
progression
fibrosis.
Therapeutic
strategies
or
may
offer
ray
hope
advanced
PDAC.
Clinical and Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(4)
Published: April 1, 2025
Abstract
Urological
tumours
are
a
type
of
neoplasms
that
significantly
jeopardise
human
life
and
wellbeing.
Cancer‐associated
fibroblasts
(CAFs),
serving
as
the
primary
component
stromal
cellular
milieu,
form
diverse
cohort
exerts
substantial
influence
on
tumourigenesis
tumour
progression.
In
this
review,
we
summarised
literatures
regarding
functions
CAFs
in
urinary
microenvironment
(TME).
We
primarily
examined
multifaceted
activities
TME
urological
system
tumours,
including
inhibiting
immunity,
remodelling
extracellular
matrix,
promoting
growth,
metastasis,
drug
resistance
their
clinical
applications.
also
discussed
potential
future
directions
for
leveraging
artificial
intelligence
research.
Key
points
The
interaction
with
various
cell
secretory
factors
tumors.
application
diagnosis,
treatment
prognosis
Pharmaceuticals,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(4), P. 537 - 537
Published: April 7, 2025
Background/Objectives:
Periostracum
Cicadae
(PC)
is
commonly
used
to
treat
chronic
atrophic
gastritis
(CAG),
but
its
underlying
mechanisms
are
unclear.
We
investigated
the
therapeutic
effects,
active
ingredients
and
molecular
of
PC
on
CAG.
Methods:
analyzed
components
in
serum
extract
by
UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS.
Then,
we
rat
cell
models
assess
impact
CAG
employed
network
pharmacology
bioinformatics
predict
key
targets
ingredients.
Finally,
confirmed
hub
through
experiments
docking.
Results:
A
total
22
were
identified
extract-containing
using
UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap
MS/MS.
Network
combined
with
docking
revealed
that
protective
effect
was
primarily
mediated
three
compounds:
(Z)-akuammidine,
chicoric
acid,
columbianadin.
And
c-Fos/c-Jun
signaling
pathways
crucial
therapy.
inhibited
vitality,
migration,
invasion,
multiplication
MC
cells
(model
for
CAG),
induced
apoptosis,
caused
G0/G1
phase
cycle
arrest.
The
expression
level
tumor
necrosis
factor-alpha
(TNF-α),
interleukin-6
(IL-6),
interleukin-1
beta
(IL-1β)
gastrin
17
(G17)
rats
increased,
while
pepsinogen
I
(PG
I)
II
II)
decreased.
After
12
weeks
administration,
these
conditions
significantly
improved.
not
only
reduced
levels
antigen
KI-67
(Ki67)
protein
p53
(P53)
also
enhanced
SRY-box
Transcription
Factor
(SOX2).
Simultaneously,
down-regulated
N-cadherin
Vimentin
up-regulating
E-cadherin.
Conclusions:
epithelial–mesenchymal
transition
(EMT)
via
pathway,
thereby
providing
benefits
Our
study
elucidates
material
basis
treating
CAG,
experimental
evidence
support
clinical
application.