
Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16
Published: April 25, 2025
Background and Objective Glypican-5 (GPC5) has been well-characterized as a tumor suppressor in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD); however, the functional implications of its germline mutations cancer pathogenesis remain largely unexplored. In this study, we identified characterized pathogenic GPC5 variant (c.776C>T, p.Pro259Leu) within Chinese LUAD pedigree, systematically investigating oncogenic mechanisms through comprehensive molecular cellular analyses. Methods Our investigation employed multifaceted approach beginning with recruitment LUAD-affected family cohort (n=4 patients, 1 healthy control), followed by exome sequencing matched blood FFPE samples. Through rigorous rare analysis, prioritized c.776C>T variant, subsequently validating pathogenicity via integrated computational modeling immunohistochemical profiling. Mechanistic studies A549 H2009 cell lines encompassed: (1) proliferation apoptosis assessment using CCK-8, colony formation, EdU incorporation, flow cytometry; (2) migration invasion evaluation Transwell wound healing assays; (3) EMT/Wnt pathway interrogation Western blot analysis E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, β-catenin expression patterns; (4) definitive validation overexpression knockdown experiments. Results Genetic revealed exhibited complete cosegregation phenotype pedigree while being absent control populations (gnomAD frequency: 0.000003989), accompanied significantly reduced tissues. Functional characterization demonstrated that compared to wild-type, mutant conferred aggressive properties: enhanced proliferative capacity, impaired induction, markedly increased migratory potential. Molecular analyses promoted EMT activation nuclear accumulation subsequent upregulation mesenchymal markers. Crucially, siRNA-mediated phenocopied these effects, providing evidence tumor-suppressive function. Discussion findings establish mutation drives progression novel mechanism involving degradation, translocation, consequent activation. These results position critical nodal regulator Wnt/β-catenin signaling suggest may serve valuable biomarkers for hereditary risk assessment. Therapeutically, highlight potential utility Wnt inhibitors managing GPC5-mutant cases, also framework future investigations into glypican members biology.
Language: Английский