Gut Microbiota Regulation of Tryptophan Metabolism in Health and Disease

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 716 - 724

Published: June 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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Kynurenines: Tryptophan’s metabolites in exercise, inflammation, and mental health

Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 357(6349)

Published: July 27, 2017

Kynurenine metabolites are generated by tryptophan catabolism and regulate biological processes that include host-microbiome signaling, immune cell response, neuronal excitability. Enzymes of the kynurenine pathway expressed in different tissues types throughout body regulated cues, including nutritional inflammatory signals. As a consequence this systemic metabolic integration, peripheral inflammation can contribute to accumulation brain, which has been associated with depression schizophrenia. Conversely, be suppressed activating clearance exercised skeletal muscle. The effect exercise training on through modulation highlights an important mechanism interorgan cross-talk mediated these metabolites. Here, we discuss mechanisms tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism their effects inflammatory, metabolic, oncologic, psychiatric disorders.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbial metabolites as multi-kingdom intermediates

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 77 - 94

Published: Sept. 23, 2020

Language: Английский

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The microbiota–gut–brain axis in obesity

˜The œLancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 2(10), P. 747 - 756

Published: Aug. 25, 2017

Language: Английский

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Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function by Microbial Metabolites

Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 1463 - 1482

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

The human gastrointestinal tract (GI) harbors a diverse population of microbial life that continually shapes host pathophysiological responses. Despite readily available abundant metagenomic data, the functional dynamics gut microbiota remain to be explored in various health and disease conditions. Microbiota generate variety metabolites from dietary products influence functions. Since are produced close proximity epithelium, presumably they have significant impact on barrier function immune goal this review is discuss recent advances regulation intestinal function. While mechanisms action these only beginning emerge, mainly point small group shared pathways control Amidst expanding technology broadening knowledge, exploitation beneficial their restore balance will likely prove an extremely useful remedial tool. SummaryGut proximal regulate numerous responsive activities. Current article highlights area as well potential translational applications regulating disorders. Gut Humans microbes coevolved over millions years, thereby contributing interdependency physiological activities.1Li M. Wang B. Zhang Rantalainen S. Zhou H. Y. Shen J. Pang X. Wei Chen Lu Zuo Su Qiu Jia W. Xiao C. Smith L.M. Yang Holmes E. Tang Zhao G. Nicholson J.K. Li L. Symbiotic modulate metabolic phenotypes.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008; 105: 2117-2122Crossref PubMed Scopus (755) Google Scholar Diverse interactive associations cells lead mild severe cellular molecular responses depending status Deciphering underlying relationship between community provides unique opportunity utilize prevent treat disorders maintain overall health. Increasing culture-independent omic-based technologies such biomarker sequencing, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, metabolomics facilitated discovery novel microbiota2Oh Byrd A.L. Deming Conlan Program N.C.S. Kong H.H. Segre J.A. 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O'Mahony D. van Sinderen Wallace Brennan Stanton Marchesi J.R. A.P. Shanahan Hill Ross R.P. O'Toole P.W. composition correlates diet elderly.Nature. 488: 178-184Crossref (1618) (∼1012–1013) play important role homeostatic leading activities both disease. significantly separates internal organs harmful entities including microorganisms, luminal antigens, proinflammatory factors. Intestinal compromised (barrier dysfunction) several conditions increased translocation bacteria, endotoxins, other inflammatory mediators. dysfunction associated systemic response resulting aggravation diseases. Recent studies shown correlation bowel (IBD), irritable syndrome (IBS), celiac also strongly correlated autoimmune, inflammatory, diseases diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, food allergies, cancer.10Gopalakrishnan Helmink B.A. Spencer Reuben Wargo cancer, immunity, cancer immunotherapy.Cancer Cell. 2018; 33: 570-580Abstract (267) Scholar,11Martini Krug S.M. 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MacPherson Hollander permeability: overview.Gastroenterology. 1995; 108: 1566-1581Abstract (744) 16Leclercq Matamoros Cani P.D. Neyrinck A.M. Jamar Starkel Windey Verbeke de Timary Delzenne N.M. permeability, gut-bacterial dysbiosis, behavioral markers alcohol-dependence severity.Proc 111: E4485-E4493Crossref (339) 17Gonzalez-Gonzalez Diaz-Zepeda Eyzaguirre-Velasquez Gonzalez-Arancibia Bravo Julio-Pieper Investigating animal models disease.Front Physiol. 9: 1962Crossref (5) 18Frank D.N. St Amand Feldman R.A. Boedeker E.C. Harpaz Pace N.R. Molecular-phylogenetic characterization imbalances diseases.Proc 2007; 104: 13780-13785Crossref (2631) Studies revealed fecal transplantation (FMT) hosts positively reversal, especially those stemming IBD, IBS, disease, Clostridium difficile infections.19Moayyedi Surette M.G. Kim P.T. Libertucci Wolfe Onischi Armstrong Marshall Kassam Z. Reinisch Lee C.H. Fecal induces remission patients active ulcerative colitis randomized controlled trial.Gastroenterology. 149: 102-109.e6Abstract (706) Scholar,20Kim Gadani Abdul-Baki Mitre R. recurrent infection: retrospective single-center chart review.JGH Open. 2019; 3: 4-9Crossref (9) One major metabolism components generation physiology function.21Maurice C.F. Haiser Turnbaugh P.J. Xenobiotics gene expression microbiome.Cell. 152: 39-50Abstract (468) restoration separate cell functions.22Singh Chandrashekharappa Bodduluri Baby B.V. Hegde Kotla N.G. Hiwale A.A. Saiyed T. Patel Vijay-Kumar Langille M.G.I. Douglas G.M. Cheng Rouchka Waigel S.J. Dryden G.W. Alatassi H.G. Haribabu Vemula P.K. Jala V.R. Enhancement integrity metabolite Nrf2 pathway.Nat Commun. 10: 89Crossref (108) 23Ewaschuk J.B. Diaz Meddings Diederichs Dmytrash Backer Looijer-van Langen Madsen K.L. Secreted bioactive Bifidobacterium infantis enhance function.Am Physiol Gastrointest Liver 295: G1025-G1034Crossref (359) 24Anderson R.C. Cookson McNabb W.C. Park McCann Kelly W.J. Roy N.C. Lactobacillus plantarum MB452 enhances increasing levels genes involved formation.BMC Microbiol. 2010; 316Crossref (210) Detailed yet elucidated, but knowledge concerning system gradually. Exploiting tool against In review, we how reinforce via bi-directional interactions cells. Further, treatment strategies mitigate composed 3 main interlinked/interdependent layers physical bacterial intrusion lumen. These include mucus layer, layer formed continuous sheet cells, third, forms system. acts immunological defense viruses, environmental toxins. selectively permeable allow for essential nutrients, electrolytes, amino acids, short-chain acids (SCFAs), sugars, water, select lumen into circulation. single interspersed functionally specialized differentiated enterocytes, Paneth goblet tuft enteroendocrine microfold which together form polarized monolayer separation lamina propria (Table 1). Among these, present intestine, whereas intestine colon, reviewed previously.25Peterson L.W. Artis cells: regulators homeostasis.Nat Rev 141-153Crossref (1145) 26Okumura Takeda Roles maintenance homeostasis.Exp 49: e338Crossref 27Allaire J.M. Crowley Law H.T. Chang S.-Y. Ko H.-J. Vallance epithelium: central coordinator immunity.Trends 39: 677-696Abstract (159) layer28Corfield interaction human.Microorganisms. 6: 78Crossref Scholar,29Corfield Carroll Myerscough Probert C.S. Mucins Biosci. 2001; D1321-D1357Crossref different types distinct roles maintaining homeostasis.Table 1Cell Types Barrier Their FunctionCell typesRole functionEnterocytes (small colon)•Responsible junctional complexes.•Nutrient absorption metabolization.•Balance shedding.•Secretion antimicrobial agents.•Changes expression/localization proteins permeability.Paneth intestine)•Source AMPs.•Directly sense critical homeostasis.•Paneth triggers inflammation dysfunction.•Lack leads necrotizing enterocolitis mice.Goblet intestine)•Produce release MUCs, forming glycoprotein barrier.•Lack MUC2 or O-glycan N-glycosylation susceptibility colitis.Tuft colon)•Secrete IL-25 IL-13 type 2 innate lymphoid (ILC2) promote hyperplasia mucin production.•Detect helminth infection expulse.Enteroendocrine colon)•Secret hormones GLP-2.•GLP-2 TJ ZO-1 occludin attenuates TNF-α–induced changes colon cells.•GLP-2 wound healing TGF-β–dependent manner.M intestine)•Antigen uptake.•M damage, during chronic elevates uptake microorganisms amplifying condition dysfunction.AMP, peptide; GLP-2, glucagon-like peptide-2; M cell, cell; MUC, mucin; TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta; TJ, junction; TNF-α, tumor necrosis alpha. Open table new tab AMP, (IECs) selective penetration electrolytes while simultaneously excluding pathogen-associated pattern, toxins, foreign antigens.30Kunzelmann Mall Electrolyte transport mammalian colon: implications disease.Physiol Rev. 2002; 82: 245-289Crossref Enterocytes connect each adhesive make up (TJ) proteins, adherens (AJ) gap desmosomes 2).31Niessen C.M. Tight junctions/adherens junctions: basic structure function.J Invest Dermatol. 127: 2525-2532Abstract (410) Scholar,32Groschwitz K.R. Hogan S.P. function: pathogenesis.J Allergy Clin 2009; 124 (quiz 21–22): 3-20Abstract (766) complexes not mechanically secure extracellular interactions, intracellular adaptor protein–mediated within Epithelial tightly paracellular (space cells) transcellular (through cell) posttranslational modifications proteins.33Van Itallie Anderson Claudins transport.Annu 2006; 68: 403-429Crossref (837) 34Fung K.Y.Y. Fairn G.D. W.L. Transcellular vesicular endothelial challenges opportunities.Traffic. 19: 5-18Crossref (47) 35Shigetomi Ikenouchi Regulation post-translational membrane proteins.J Biochem. 163: 265-272Crossref (0) located apical side belt-like ring at lateral membrane. consist 50 crucial cell-to-cell adhesion health.36Chiba Osanai Murata Kojima Sawada Transmembrane junctions.Biochim Biophys Acta. 1778: 588-600Crossref (276) Some tetraspan single-span transmembrane link cytoskeletal proteins.37Schulzke J.D. Fromm meets function.Ann N Y Sci. 1165: 1-6Crossref (1) (OCLN), claudin (CLDN), tricellulin molecules proteins.38Furuse Hirase Itoh Nagafuchi Yonemura Tsukita Occludin: integral localizing junctions.J Cell Biol. 1993; 123: 1777-1788Crossref (1975) 39Furuse Fujita Hiiragi Fujimoto Claudin-1 -2: junctions no sequence similarity occludin.J 1998; 141: 1539-1550Crossref (1554) 40Ikenouchi Furuse Sasaki Tricellulin constitutes tricellular contacts cells.J 171: 939-945Crossref (535) 41Garrido-Urbani Bradfield P.F. Imhof dynamics: (JAMs).Cell Tissue Res. 355: 701-715Crossref (64) Other zonula occludens (ZO) (ZO-1, ZO-2, ZO-3) scaffold proteins. postsynaptic density protein-95/Drosophila disc large suppressor/ZO-1 (PDZ) binding domains plaque (eg, F-actin) complex.42Odenwald M.A. Choi Kuo W.T. Singh Sailer Fanning A.S. Turner scaffolding coordinates actomyosin specializations vivo.J Biol Chem. 293: 17317-17335Abstract (20) seals generally when anastomose adjacent based size/charge space. Adherence primarily contribute mechanical structures, properties, extensively elsewhere.43Garcia-Hernandez Quiros Nusrat claudins: homeostasis inflammation.Ann 1397: 66-79Crossref (104) 44Laukoetter Bruewer complex.Curr Opin 22: 85-89Crossref (173) 45Buckley disease.Cold Spring Harb Perspect A02931Crossref (110) 46Farkas A.E. Pharmacological targeting inflamed barrier.Curr Pharm Des. 5400-5414Crossref (3) 47Choi Yeruva Contributions barriers disease.Exp 358: 71-77Crossref (29) 48Zuo targets effectors homeostasis.Cell 2020; 327-340Abstract ScholarTable 2Structural Components Cells FunctionStructural componentsJunctional proteinsExamples dysfunctionTight proteinsZO, occludin, claudins, tricellulin, JAM•IFN-γ TNF-α mediated organization ZO-1, claudin-1, claudin-4, occluding, JAM-A downregulate function.•Downregulation claudin-3, claudin-5, claudin-8 claudin-2 MLCK phosphorylation function.Adherens proteinsCadherins, catenins•Downregulated E-cadherin–catenin complex mediates impairment barrier.DesmosomeDesmoglein, desmocollins•Desmoglein (Dsg2) deficiency loss integrity.Gap junctionsConnexin•Connexin-43 plays intercellular communication vesicles, tunneling nanotubes junctions.IFN-γ, interferon gamma; JAM, molecules; MLCK, myosin light-chain kinase; alpha; ZO, occludens. IFN-γ, disruption AJ, causing dysregulated translocation/transportation mediators, potentially manifests inflammation. Increased further perpetuates permeability. following sections describe altered state Defective combination dysregulation tract–related limited drug-induced toxicity, cancer. occurs apoptosis/enterocyte death, degradation, due TJs. independently regulated consequences other. section describes responsible dysfunction. As described previous sections, was solutes water cross TJs size charge selectivity: pore pathway48Zuo 49Turner disease.Nat 799-809Crossref (1727) 50Anderson Van Physiology junction.Cold 1: a002584Crossref (563) leak pathway.48Zuo Scholar,51Buschmann M.M. Rajapakse Raleigh D.R. Lingaraju Zha Abbott McAuley Breskin L.A. Wu Weber C.R. Occludin OCEL-domain required macromolecular flux.Mol 24: 3056-3068Crossref (94) pathway exclusively excludes diameter ≤8 Å high-conductance route. CLDN-2 CLDNs 10a, 10b, 15, 16, 17 were pathway. contrast pathway, allows macromolecule flux exclusion limit ∼100 lower conductance.51Buschmann believed (MLCK), where constitutively sufficient increase pathway–dependent vivo.52Shen Black E.D. Witkowski Lencer W.I. Guerriero Schneeberger E.E. Myosin light chain regulates remodeling structure.J 119: 2095-2106Crossref (308) Scholar,53Su Clayburgh Nalle S.C. Sullivan E.A. Abraham Targeted causes activation contributes development experimental colitis.Gastroenterology. 136: 551-563Abstract (273) OCLN, pathway.54Yu McCarthy K.M. Francis S.A. McCormack Lai Rogers Lynch R.D. Knockdown phenotypic alterations cells.Am 288: C1231-C1241Crossref (239) discussions published.48Zuo Scholar,49Turner 9

Language: Английский

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Microbial regulation of organismal energy homeostasis

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 34 - 46

Published: Dec. 30, 2018

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota and Energy Homeostasis in Fish

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 23, 2019

The microorganisms within the intestinal tract (termed microbiota) have been shown to interact with gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication system between gut and brain mediated by hormonal, immune neural signals. Through these interactions, microbiota might affect behaviors, including feeding behavior, digestive/absorptive processes (e.g. modulating motility barrier), metabolism, as well response, repercussions on energy homeostasis health of host. To date, research in this field has mostly focused mammals. Studies non-mammalian models such fish may provide novel insights into specific mechanisms involved microbiota-brain-gut axis. This review describes our current knowledge possible effects feeding, digestive processes, growth fish, emphasis influence hormones, environmental factors inter-specific differences.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota-Produced Tryptamine Activates an Epithelial G-Protein-Coupled Receptor to Increase Colonic Secretion

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 775 - 785.e5

Published: June 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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The Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 635 - 635

Published: March 15, 2019

Obesity is a global pandemic complex to treat due its multifactorial pathogenesis—an unhealthy lifestyle, neuronal and hormonal mechanisms, genetic epigenetic factors are involved. Scientific evidence supports the idea that obesity metabolic consequences strongly related changes in both function composition of gut microbiota, which exert an essential role modulating energy metabolism. Modifications microbiota have been associated with variations body weight mass index. Lifestyle modifications remain as primary therapy for disorders. New therapeutic strategies treat/prevent proposed, based on pre- and/or probiotic modulation mimic found healthy non-obese subjects. Based human animal studies, this review aimed discuss mechanisms through could act key modifier complications. Evidence from studies clinical trials suggesting potential beneficial effects prebiotic various strains those physical, biochemical, parameters presented. As conclusion, deeper knowledge about pre-/probiotic action, combination adequately powered, randomized controlled follow-up will facilitate application development personalized healthcare strategies.

Language: Английский

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mixOmics: an R package for ‘omics feature selection and multiple data integration

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 14, 2017

Abstract The advent of high throughput technologies has led to a wealth publicly available ‘omics data coming from different sources, such as transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics. Combining large-scale biological sets can lead the discovery important insights, provided that relevant information be extracted in holistic manner. Current statistical approaches have been focusing on identifying small subsets molecules (a ‘molecular signature’) explain or predict conditions, but mainly for single type ‘omics. In addition, commonly used methods are univariate and consider each feature independently. We introduce mixOmics , an R package dedicated multivariate analysis with specific focus exploration, dimension reduction visualisation. By adopting system biology approach, toolkit provides wide range statistically integrate several at once probe relationships between heterogeneous sets. Our recent extend Projection Latent Structure (PLS) models discriminant analysis, integration across multiple independent studies, identification molecular signatures. illustrate our latest integrative frameworks analyses package.

Language: Английский

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