Artificial intelligence applied in neoantigen identification facilitates personalized cancer immunotherapy

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

The field of cancer neoantigen investigation has developed swiftly in the past decade. Predicting novel and true neoantigens derived from large multi-omics data became difficult but critical challenges. rise Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Machine Learning (ML) biomedicine application brought benefits to strengthen current computational pipeline for prediction. ML algorithms offer powerful tools recognize multidimensional nature omics therefore extract key features enabling a successful discovery new neoantigens. present review aims outline significant technology progress machine learning approaches, especially newly deep pipelines, that were recently applied In this article, we summarize state-of-the-art predict standard workflow includes calling genetic variants paired tumor blood samples, rating binding affinity between mutated peptide, MHC (I II) T cell receptor (TCR), followed by characterizing immunogenicity epitopes. More specifically, highlight outstanding feature extraction multi-layer neural network architectures typical models. It is noted more integrated neoantigen-predicting pipelines are constructed with hybrid combined instead conventional addition, trends challenges further optimizing integrating existing discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Artificial intelligence in cancer immunotherapy: Applications in neoantigen recognition, antibody design and immunotherapy response prediction

Seminars in Cancer Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 50 - 69

Published: March 3, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer with High Microsatellite Instability: The Ongoing Search for Biomarkers

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(17), P. 4245 - 4245

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a biological condition associated with inflamed tumors, high tumor mutational burden (TMB), and responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In colorectal cancer (CRC), MSI tumors are found in 5% of patients the metastatic setting 15% early-stage disease. Following impressive clinical activity inhibitors setting, deep long-lasting responses, development has expanded Several phase II trials have demonstrated rate pathological complete some even spared from surgery. However, both settings, not all respond short, emphasizing importance ongoing search for accurate biomarkers. While various biomarkers response been evaluated context CRC, including B2M JAK1/2 mutations, TMB, WNT pathway Lynch syndrome, mixed results, liver metastases lack such strategies. To improve patient selection treatment outcomes, further research required identify additional refine existing ones. This will allow personalized approaches integration novel therapeutic strategies CRC metastases.

Language: Английский

---

Integrating Multisector Molecular Characterization into Personalized Peptide Vaccine Design for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma

Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(13), P. 2729 - 2742

Published: April 19, 2024

Abstract Purpose: Outcomes for patients with glioblastoma (GBM) remain poor despite multimodality treatment surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. There are few immunotherapy options due to the lack of tumor immunogenicity. Several clinical trials have reported promising results cancer vaccines. To date, studies used data from a single site identify targetable antigens, but this approach limits antigen pool is antithetical heterogeneity GBM. We implemented multisector sequencing increase neoantigens across GBM genomic landscape that can be incorporated into personalized peptide vaccines called NeoVax. Patients Methods: In study, we report findings four enrolled onto NeoVax trial (NCT0342209). Results: Immune reactivity was assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells pre- post-NeoVax 1 3 using IFNγ-ELISPOT assay. A statistically significant IFNγ producing T at time point several observed. Furthermore, biopsy obtained patient and, upon evaluation, revealed evidence infiltrating, clonally expanded cells. Conclusions: Collectively, our suggest stimulated expansion neoantigen-specific effector provide encouraging aid development future neoantigen vaccine–based Herein, demonstrate feasibility incorporating sampling vaccine design information on applicability clonality, distribution, immunogenicity

Language: Английский

---

Dendritic Cells in Anticancer Vaccination: Rationale for Ex Vivo Loading or In Vivo Targeting

Cancers, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 590 - 590

Published: March 5, 2020

Dendritic cells (DCs) have shown great potential as a component or target in the landscape of cancer immunotherapy. Different vivo and ex strategies DC vaccine generation with different outcomes been proposed. Numerous clinical trials demonstrated their efficacy safety patients. However, there is no consensus regarding which DC-based method preferable. A problem result comparison between DC-loading -targeting approaches applied remains. The employment maturation methods, antigens administration routes from trial to also limits objective vaccines. In present review, we discuss methods generation. We conclude that standardized designs, treatment settings outcome assessment criteria will help determine approach should be certain cases. This reduction alternatives selection preferable tactics patient. Moreover, it has become clear application alone not sufficient combination immunotherapy recent advances, such immune checkpoint inhibitors, employed achieve better response outcome.

Language: Английский

---